239 lines
17 KiB
XML
239 lines
17 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">qæn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_qæn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d2650e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>qæn</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d2650e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ǧænæ</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2650e72"><sense xml:id="sense_d2650e73"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>повреждение</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>damage</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2650e82"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>полом</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>breakdown</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2650e91"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>рана</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>wound</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2650e100"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>недочет</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>flaw</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2650e109"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>поврежденный</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>damaged</q>
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</abv:tr><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (имеющий трещину, полом и т.
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п.)</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (having a crack, breakdown,
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etc.)</note></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2650e122"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>не целый</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>not whole</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2650e132"><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">в дигорском также</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">in Digor also</note><sense xml:id="sense_d2650e137"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>вина</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>fault</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2650e146"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>проступок</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>misbehaviour</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d2650e156">
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<form xml:id="form_d2650e158" type="lemma"><orth>særqæn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2650e161"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">полоумный</q>
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</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">loony</q>
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</tr><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">
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<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">с поврежденной головой</q></note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">
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<q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">with damaged head</q></note></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d2650e183">
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<form xml:id="form_d2650e185" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>qænwat</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d2650e188" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ǧænwat</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2650e191"><sense xml:id="sense_d2650e192"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">место раны</q>
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</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the place of the wound</q>
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</tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2650e203"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>шрам</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>scar</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d2650e214">
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<example xml:id="example_d2650e216">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dūryn fæqæn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">кувшин получил трещину (полом)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">The jug got cracked</q>
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</tr>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2650e234">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">næ k˳ysty nyrma bīræ qæntæ īs</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в нашей работе пока много недочетов</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">there are a lot of shortcomings in our work so
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far</q>
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</tr>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2650e252" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æ cængti luxi ǧæntæ isʒæbæx æncæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">раны на ее отрубленных руках зажили</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the wounds on her severed hands have healed</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАС"/>
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<biblScope>II 194</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<re xml:id="re_d2650e279">
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<form xml:id="form_d2650e281" type="lemma"><orth>ænæqæn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2650e284"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">целый</q>
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</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">whole</q>
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</tr></sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d2650e296">
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<example xml:id="example_d2650e298">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ænæqænæj dyn k˳y radton acy ag, æmæ myn æj
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sastæj k˳y ʽrbaxastaj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я ведь дал тебе этот котел целым, а ты принес
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его сломанным</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">after all, I gave you this cauldron intact,
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and you brought it broken</q>
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</tr>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2650e316">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ænæqæn afæʒ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">целый год</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a whole year</q>
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</tr>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2650e334">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ænæqæn kʼūrī</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">целую неделю</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a whole week</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
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<biblScope>112</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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</re>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2650e562" xml:id="mentioned_d2650e361" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">gana-</w>, основе глагола <w>gan-</w>
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<gloss><q>бить</q>, <q>поражать</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2650e575" xml:id="mentioned_d2650e374" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">ōɣan-</w> (<w>ʽwyn-</w>) <gloss><q>ударять</q>, <q>бить</q></gloss>, <w type="rec">ɣankēn-</w>
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<gloss><q>ударяющий</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2650e594" xml:id="mentioned_d2650e393" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>ggaṃjsa-</w> (← <w>ǧan-ča-</w>) <gloss><q>дефект</q>, <q>недочет</q></gloss>,
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<w>a-ggaṃjsa-</w>
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<gloss><q>безупречный</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2650e611" xml:id="mentioned_d2650e410" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
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<w>gānaɣ</w>
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<gloss><q>убивать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2650e619" xml:id="mentioned_d2650e418" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>ɣna-</w> (в сложении) <gloss><q>удар</q></gloss>, <w>ɣənąna</w> id.</mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2650e631" xml:id="mentioned_d2650e430" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>ghana-</w>
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<gloss><q>поражающий</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2650e639" xml:id="mentioned_d2650e438" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>gan</w>
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<gloss><q>побои</q></gloss>, <w>ganem</w>
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<gloss><q>я бью</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/>
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<biblScope>431 сл.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2650e660" xml:id="mentioned_d2650e459" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>гнать</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2650e665" xml:id="mentioned_d2650e464" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>φόνος</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>убийство</q></gloss>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2650e673" xml:id="mentioned_d2650e472" xml:lang="ga"><lang/>
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<w>gonim</w>
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<gloss><q>я раню</q></gloss></mentioned>. С начальным <c>z</c> (из <c>ǰ</c>) сюда же
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2650e686" xml:id="mentioned_d2650e485" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>zan-</w> : <w>zad-</w>
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<gloss><q>бить</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр. Для развития значения <q>удар</q> →
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<q>рана</q> ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæf" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>cæf</w>
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<q>удар</q>, <q>рана</q></ref>. Прош. причастие этого же глагола (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2650e710" xml:id="mentioned_d2650e509" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>ghāta-</w></mentioned>) в осетинском дало <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qæd_1"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">qæd-</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">ǧæd-</w></ref>, наличное в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qædgom"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">qædgom</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">ǧædgin</w>
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<q>открытая рана</q></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qædqīwtæ"><w>qædqīwtæ</w>
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<q>расшатанный</q></ref>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_NTS"><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Morgenstierne</hi>, NTS</ref>
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<biblScope>1942 XII 268</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JRAS"><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Bailey</hi>, JRAS</ref>
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<biblScope>1954, стр. 27 прим</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSL"><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Benveniste</hi>, BSL</ref>
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<biblScope> 1958 LIII 60—61</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">It traces back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2650e361" xml:id="mentioned_d2650e562" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">gana-</w>, the stem of the verb <w>gan-</w>
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<gloss><q>beat</q>, <q>strike</q></gloss></mentioned>. Cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2650e374" xml:id="mentioned_d2650e575" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">ōɣan-</w> (<w>ʽwyn-</w>) <gloss><q>hit</q>, <q>beat</q></gloss>, <w type="rec">ɣankēn-</w>
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<gloss><q>hitting</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2650e393" xml:id="mentioned_d2650e594" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>ggaṃjsa-</w> (← <w>ǧan-ča-</w>) <gloss><q>defect</q>, <q>flaw</q></gloss>,
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<w>a-ggaṃjsa-</w>
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<gloss><q>flawless</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2650e410" xml:id="mentioned_d2650e611" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
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<w>gānaɣ</w>
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<gloss><q>kill</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2650e418" xml:id="mentioned_d2650e619" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>ɣna-</w> (in a compound) <gloss><q>hit</q></gloss>, <w>ɣənąna</w> id.</mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2650e430" xml:id="mentioned_d2650e631" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>ghana-</w>
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<gloss><q>striking</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2650e438" xml:id="mentioned_d2650e639" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>gan</w>
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<gloss><q>beatings</q></gloss>, <w>ganem</w>
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<gloss><q>I beat</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/>
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<biblScope>431 ff.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2650e459" xml:id="mentioned_d2650e660" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>gnatʼ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2650e464" xml:id="mentioned_d2650e665" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>φόνος</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>murder</q></gloss>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2650e472" xml:id="mentioned_d2650e673" xml:lang="ga"><lang/>
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<w>gonim</w>
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<gloss><q>I injure</q></gloss></mentioned>. With the initial <c>z</c> (from <c>ǰ</c>)
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the following word also belongs here: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2650e485" xml:id="mentioned_d2650e686" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>zan-</w> : <w>zad-</w>
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<gloss><q>beat</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. For the development of the meaning
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<q>hit</q> → <q>wound</q> cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæf" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>cæf</w>
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<q>hit</q>, <q>wound</q></ref>. Past participle of the same verb (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2650e509" xml:id="mentioned_d2650e710" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>ghāta-</w></mentioned>) gave in Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qæd_1"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">qæd-</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">ǧæd-</w></ref>, which is
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attested in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qædgom"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">qædgom</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">ǧædgin</w>
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<q>open wound</q></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qædqīwtæ"><w>qædqīwtæ</w>
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<q>shattered</q></ref>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_NTS"><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Morgenstierne</hi>, NTS</ref>
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<biblScope>1942 XII 268</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JRAS"><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Bailey</hi>, JRAS</ref>
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<biblScope>1954, p. 27 fn</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSL"><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Benveniste</hi>, BSL</ref>
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<biblScope> 1958 LIII 60—61</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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