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abaev-xml/entries/abaev_qarū.xml

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2025-03-21 13:42:40 +03:00
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">qarū</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
</tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_qarū" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="russian-questions">
<form xml:id="form_d2376e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>qarū</orth></form>
<form xml:id="form_d2376e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>qaræ</orth><form xml:id="form_d2376e71" type="variant"><orth>qarwæ</orth></form><form xml:id="form_d2376e73" type="variant"><orth>qarwæ</orth></form></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d2376e76"><sense xml:id="sense_d2376e77"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>способности человека</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>human abilities</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2376e86"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>энергия</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>energy</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2376e95"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>воля</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>will</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2376e104"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>сила</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>power</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2376e113"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>предприимчивость</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>initiative</q>
</abv:tr></sense></sense>
<re xml:id="re_d2376e123">
<form xml:id="form_d2376e125" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>qarūǵyn</orth></form>
<form xml:id="form_d2376e128" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>qarægin</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d2376e131"><sense xml:id="sense_d2376e132"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">энергичный</q>
</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">energetic</q>
</tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2376e143"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>полный силы</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>full of power</q>
</abv:tr></sense></sense>
</re>
<re xml:id="re_d2376e154">
<form xml:id="form_d2376e156" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth> ænæqarū</orth></form>
<form xml:id="form_d2376e159" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ænæqaræ</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d2376e162"><sense xml:id="sense_d2376e163"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">слабый</q>
</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">weak</q>
</tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2376e174"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>неспособный</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>incapable</q>
</abv:tr></sense></sense>
</re>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d2376e186">
<example xml:id="example_d2376e188">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">isqawræ kænun</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru" rendition="#rend_singlequotes">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_singlequotes">осилить</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en" rendition="#rend_singlequotes">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_singlequotes">manage</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
<biblScope>II 114</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d2376e211">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bonæj bonmæ dæ qarū bælvyrd kæny
mællægdær</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">со дня на день твои силы заметно слабеют</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">from day to day, your power is noticeably
weakening</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Темыр."/>
<biblScope>36</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d2376e234">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Æxsar wyd k˳ystwarzag, qarūǵyn læppū</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Ахсар был трудолюбивый, энергичный юноша</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Akhsar was a hardworking, energetic young
man</q>
</tr>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d2376e252">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dæ qarū nyn ravdīs</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">покажи нам, на что ты способен</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">show us what you’re capable of</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
<biblScope>60</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d2376e275">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">naib… bazydta Qazarajæn jæ zærdæ, jæ qarū
æmæ jæ jæxīcæn læppū yskodta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">наиб узнал сердце (характер) Казара, его
способности и усыновил его</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">naib recognized Qazara’s heart (character), his
abilities and adopted him</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
<biblScope>34</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d2376e299" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ficcagi qarwæ kæmi ma es nur?</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">где (у меня) еще прежняя сила?</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">where (do I) still have my previous power?</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
<biblScope>60<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">264</hi></biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d2376e328" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ku racæppo-læppo æj, wæd in æ raz ægiriddær
neke ista kud kondæj, otæ zundæj dær, wædta qarwæj dær</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда он возмужал, никто не мог с ним
соперничать как статностью, так и умом, а также энергией</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">when he matured, no one could compete with him
in both stateliness and intelligence, as well as energy</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
<biblScope>207</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d2376e354" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kizgaj qaloni xast cudæj, Alsaq æ qarwæ, æ
nifsæj bajsta fæstæmæ ʽznagæj oj</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">девушку чуть не забрали в счет дани; Алсак
своей силой, своей отвагой отнял ее у врага</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the girl was almost taken away as a tribute;
Alsak, with his strength, his courage, took her away from the enemy</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
<biblScope>71</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d2376e380" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bavzaræ dæ lægʒijnadæ, dæ qarxvæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">испытай свое мужество, свои силы</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">test your courage, your strength</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
<biblScope>99</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d2376e406" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæ kʼoxi qawræ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сила моей руки</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the power of my hand</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
<biblScope>84</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d2376e432" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ka si kud qawrægundær fæwwuj (gocgænagæ
mærǧtæj) otæ razdær ærxæccæ uj</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">кто из них (перелетных птиц) сильнее, та
прилетает раньше</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">which of them (migratory birds) is stronger,
she arrives earlier</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_AK"/>
<biblScope>I 55</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d2376e459" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">erisi ravdista xwæzdær qaræ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в состязании он показал наилучшие
способности</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">in the competition, he showed the best
abilities</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes."/>
<biblScope>102</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Усвоено из тюркского: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2376e569" xml:id="mentioned_d2376e488" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
<w>qarəw</w></mentioned>, в других <hi rendition="#rend_bold">тюркских</hi> языках
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2376e577" xml:id="mentioned_d2376e496" xml:lang="trk"><w>qarū</w>
<gloss><q>мощь</q>, <q>сила</q></gloss> варианты: <w>qarə</w>, <w>qaruq</w>,
<w>qaraǧ</w>, <w>qarǧə</w>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
<biblScope>II 150, 187, 188, 194</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; ср.
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2376e602" xml:id="mentioned_d2376e521" xml:lang="trk" extralang="krc-x-balkar"><w>qarə</w>
<gloss><q>рука</q></gloss></mentioned>; <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2376e608" xml:id="mentioned_d2376e527" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
<w>qarūsyz</w>
<gloss><q>бессильный</q>, <q>слабый</q>, <q>больной</q></gloss></mentioned> = <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2376e621" xml:id="mentioned_d2376e540" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
<w>ænæqarū</w></mentioned>. Сюда же <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2376e626" xml:id="mentioned_d2376e545" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
<w>qarū</w>
<gloss><q>сила</q></gloss>, <w>qarūunše</w>
<gloss><q>бессильный</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2376e639" xml:id="mentioned_d2376e558" xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
<w>ǧorn</w>
<gloss><q>сила</q></gloss></mentioned>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">The word was borrowed from Turkic: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2376e488" xml:id="mentioned_d2376e569" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
<w>qarəw</w></mentioned>, in other <hi rendition="#rend_bold">Turkic</hi> languages
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2376e496" xml:id="mentioned_d2376e577" xml:lang="trk"><w>qarū</w>
<gloss><q>power</q>, <q>strength</q></gloss> variants: <w>qarə</w>, <w>qaruq</w>,
<w>qaraǧ</w>, <w>qarǧə</w>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
<biblScope>II 150, 187, 188, 194</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; cf.
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2376e521" xml:id="mentioned_d2376e602" xml:lang="trk" extralang="krc-x-balkar"><w>qarə</w>
<gloss><q>hand</q></gloss></mentioned>; <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2376e527" xml:id="mentioned_d2376e608" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
<w>qarūsyz</w>
<gloss><q>powerless</q>, <q>weak</q>, <q>sick</q></gloss></mentioned> = <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2376e540" xml:id="mentioned_d2376e621" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
<w>ænæqarū</w></mentioned>. Also here <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2376e545" xml:id="mentioned_d2376e626" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
<w>qarū</w>
<gloss><q>power</q></gloss>, <w>qarūunše</w>
<gloss><q>powerless</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2376e558" xml:id="mentioned_d2376e639" xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
<w>ǧorn</w>
<gloss><q>power</q></gloss></mentioned>.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>
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