253 lines
17 KiB
XML
253 lines
17 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">rædyjyn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml">
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<p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p>
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</publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_rædyjyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<form xml:id="form_d2052e68" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>rædyjyn</orth><form xml:id="form_d2052e70" type="participle"><orth>rædyd</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d2052e73" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>rædujun</orth><form xml:id="form_d2052e75" type="participle"><orth>rædud</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2052e78"><sense xml:id="sense_d2052e79"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>ошибаться</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>make mistakes</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2052e88"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>допускать неподобающий поступок</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>misbehave</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2052e97"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>грешить</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>sin</q>
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</abv:tr><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (например, о незаконной связи)</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (e.g., about an illegal affair)</note></sense></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d2052e111">
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<form xml:id="form_d2052e113" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>rædyd</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d2052e116" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>rædud</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2052e119"><sense xml:id="sense_d2052e120"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ошибка</q>
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</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mistake</q>
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</tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2052e131"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>проступок</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>misdemeanour</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d2052e142">
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<example xml:id="example_d2052e144">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>rædyjūt</oRef> wæ dywwæ dær</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вы оба ошибаетесь</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">you are both wrong</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
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<biblScope>12</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2052e168">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>rædyjūt</oRef>, īskæj amondǵyn k˳y
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xonūt wæd</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ошибаетесь, когда называете кого-нибудь
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счастливым</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">you are mistaken when you call someone
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happy</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
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<biblScope>78</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2052e192">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ma <oRef>rædyjūt</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">не допускайте ошибки</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">do not make a mistake</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
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<biblScope>100</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2052e216">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wazæg <oRef>rædyjy</oRef>, fælæ cæmæn
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<oRef>rædyjūt</oRef> smax?</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">гость ведет себя неподобающим образом, но
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почему вы ведете себя так же?</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the guest is behaving inappropriately, but why
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are you behaving the same way?</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
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<biblScope>103</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2052e243">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">læppūjæ <oRef>rædyjag</oRef> næ væjjy
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ævzær</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">кто ошибается в молодости, не бывает плохим (в
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зрелом возрасте)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">who makes mistakes in youth is never bad (in
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adulthood)</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>14</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2052e269">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dæ ʒyxy ʒyrd ænæ <oRef>rædyd</oRef> nyccævy
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zærdæjy kæron</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">слово твоих уст без ошибки поражает кончик
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сердца</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the word of your mouth strikes the tip of the
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heart without error</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>112</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2052e294">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">aj ta æmgary xæʒarmæ q˳yzag wydī aly
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ænafony… hemæ <oRef>færædydī</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">а этот частенько пробирался в дом друга в
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неурочное время… и согрешил (с его женой)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">and this one often sneaked into a friend’s
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house at odd hours… and sinned with his wife</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>76</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2052e318">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ḱynʒ jæ tīwmæ <oRef>færædydī</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">невестка согрешила со своим деверем</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a daughter-in-law sinned with her
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brother-in-law</q>
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</tr>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2052e337" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sæddun mæ fudbæl; balædærdtæn mæ
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<oRef>rædudditæ</oRef>; eskæd ma ku <oRef>færrædujon</oRef>, margæ dær mæ
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rakæntæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я признаюсь в своем дурном поступке; я понял
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мои ошибки; если я когда-нибудь еще ошибусь, то можете хоть убить меня</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I confess my wrong deed; I understood my
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mistakes; if i ever make a mistake, you can even kill me</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
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<biblScope>1950 VII 41</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2052e367" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">nadbæl ænaxuræj ku
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<oRef>færrædujon</oRef>…</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">как бы я по незнанию не ошибся дорогой…</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I can unknowingly choose the wrong
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path<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220225T182441+0300" comment="вообще хз как перевести…"?>…<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>17</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2052e398" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dæ <oRef>rædudi</oRef> ko, de ʽcægi
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zaræ!</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда ты ошибаешься — плачь, когда ты права —
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пой!</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">when you are wrong, cry; when you are right,
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sing!</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
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<biblScope>83</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2052e530" xml:id="mentioned_d2052e430" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<m type="rec">fra-du-</m></mentioned> и содержит тот же корень, что <ref type="xr" target="#entry_idujun" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>idujun</w>
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<gloss><q>иссякать</q></gloss></ref> из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2052e544" xml:id="mentioned_d2052e444" xml:lang="ira"><m type="rec">vi-du-</m></mentioned>. Ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2052e548" xml:id="mentioned_d2052e448" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<m>doṣa-</m>
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<gloss><q>ошибка</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>проступок</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>недостаток</q></gloss></mentioned>. Может быть, также <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2052e562" xml:id="mentioned_d2052e462" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<m>duṣ-</m>, <w>duṣyati</w>
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<gloss><q>быть ошибочным, порочным</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>впадать в ошибку,
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грех</q></gloss>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(например о женщине, ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rædyjyn" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>rædyjyn</w></ref> в этом же значении)</note>, <w>pra-duṣyati</w>
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<gloss>id.</gloss></mentioned> О дальнейших связях, а также о соотношении значений
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<q>ошибаться</q> и <q>недоставать</q>, <q>иссякать</q> см. под <ref type="xr" target="#entry_idujun" xml:lang="os-x-digor"/>. — <bibl><author>Benveniste</author>
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(<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._Etudes">Etudes</ref>
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<biblScope>87</biblScope>)</bibl> возводит <oRef>rædyjyn</oRef> к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2052e609" xml:id="mentioned_d2052e509" xml:lang="ira"><m type="rec">fra-dīya-</m></mentioned> и предположительно сближает с
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2052e617" xml:id="mentioned_d2052e513" xml:lang="sa-vaidika"><lang/>
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<w>dīyate</w>
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<gloss><q>лететь</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ни огласовка, ни семантика не поддерживают
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такой этимологии.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
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<biblScope>540</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Traces back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2052e430" xml:id="mentioned_d2052e530" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<m type="rec">fra-du-</m></mentioned> and contains the same stem as <ref type="xr" target="#entry_idujun" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>idujun</w>
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<gloss><q>dry up</q></gloss></ref> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2052e444" xml:id="mentioned_d2052e544" xml:lang="ira"><m type="rec">vi-du-</m></mentioned>. Cf.
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2052e448" xml:id="mentioned_d2052e548" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<m>doṣa-</m>
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<gloss><q>mistake</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>misdemeanour</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>flaw</q></gloss></mentioned>. Maybe related is <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2052e462" xml:id="mentioned_d2052e562" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<m>duṣ-</m>, <w>duṣyati</w>
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<gloss><q>be wrong, vicious</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>fall into error or sin</q></gloss>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(e.g., about a woman, cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rædyjyn" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>rædyjyn</w></ref> in the same meaning)</note>, <w>pra-duṣyati</w>
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<gloss>id.</gloss></mentioned> See further connections, as well as the correlation of
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meanings <q>be mistaken</q> and <q>lack</q>, <q>dry out</q>, under <ref type="xr" target="#entry_idujun" xml:lang="os-x-digor"/>. — <bibl><author>Benveniste</author>
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(<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._Etudes">Etudes</ref>
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<biblScope>87</biblScope>)</bibl> traces <oRef>rædyjyn</oRef> back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2052e509" xml:id="mentioned_d2052e609" xml:lang="ira"><m type="rec">fra-dīya-</m></mentioned> and presumably
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<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220225T183007+0300" comment="?"?>brings it
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close<?oxy_comment_end ?> to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2052e513" xml:id="mentioned_d2052e617" xml:lang="sa-vaidika"><lang/>
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<w>dīyate</w>
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<gloss><q>fly</q></gloss></mentioned>. Neither vowel
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<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220225T183038+0300" comment="?"?>composition<?oxy_comment_end ?>
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nor semantics support such an etymology.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
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<biblScope>540</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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