305 lines
25 KiB
XML
305 lines
25 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">raddyn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml">
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<p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p>
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</publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_raddyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<form xml:id="form_d5482e68" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>raddyn</orth><form xml:id="form_d5482e70" type="participle"><orth>rard</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d5482e73" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>raddun</orth><form xml:id="form_d5482e75" type="participle"><orth>læværd</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5482e78"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>дать</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220306T125556+0300" comment="тут "дать", а в dæddyn "давать"…"?>give<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; выражая совершенный вид, употребляется только в
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прошедшем и будущем времени, форм настоящего времени не имеет; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dæddyn"><w>dæddyn</w>
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<gloss><q>давать</q></gloss></ref>
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</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; expresses the perfective aspect and is used only in
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past and future tenses; has no present tense forms; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dæddyn"><w>dæddyn</w>
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<gloss><q>give</q></gloss></ref></note>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d5482e109">
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<example xml:id="example_d5482e111">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ʒyrd X˳ycawy raz <oRef>radta</oRef>
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īnnæmæn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">перед Богом она дала слово другому</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">she gave her word to another before God</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>18</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d5482e136">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>raddoj</oRef> sæ kʼūxtæ
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kæræʒīmæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">они подали друг другу руки</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they held out their hands to each other</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>143</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d5482e160">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>raddæd</oRef> nyn ænūsy koj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пусть даст нам вечную славу</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">may he give us the eternal glory</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
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<biblScope>53</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d5482e184">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(cwanættæ) nyqqær kodtoj: <oRef>radd</oRef>
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nyn, Æfsati!</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(охотники) воскликнули: подай нам, Афсати!</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(the hunters) exclaimed: give us, Afsati!</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">from a song about Afsati, the god of hunting;
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<ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 101</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d5482e210">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">adon se ʽppæt dyn <oRef>radʒynæn</oRef>, kæd
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ærxawaj æmæ myn bakūvaj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">все это дам тебе, если падши поклонишься
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мне</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">All these things will I give thee, if thou wilt
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fall down and worship me</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Матфей"/>
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<biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">4</hi> 9</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d5482e239" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dæ zærond fidi cæmæj fæddaraj, he oj fagæ din
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mizd ku <oRef>radʒænæn</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я дам тебе плату достаточную, чтобы ты
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прокормил своего старого отца</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I will pay you enough to feed your old
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father</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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<biblScope>36</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d5482e266">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ <oRef>rard</oRef> dær ysxwystæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда она мне (что-нибудь) давала, то с
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пинком</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">when she gave me (something), it was with a
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kick</q>
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</tr>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment"><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">ею данное — с пинком</q></note>
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<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220306T130005+0300" comment="тут два tr без запятой"?>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment"><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">given by her — with a kick</q></note><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>54</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d5482e303">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kūrūt æmæ wyn <oRef>rardæ</oRef> wa</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">просите, и дано будет вам</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Ask, and it shall be given you</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Матфей"/><biblScope xml:lang="ru"><hi rendition="#rend_italic">7</hi> 7, Ялг.</biblScope>
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<biblScope xml:lang="en"><hi rendition="#rend_italic">7</hi> 7, Yalguzidze
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translation</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d5482e335">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">īst ærcæwʒæn X˳ycawy padcaxad smaxæj æmæ
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<oRef>rard</oRef> wyʒæn adæmæn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">отнимется от вас Царство Божие и дано будет
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народу</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the kingdom of God shall be taken from you, and
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given to a nation</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Матфей"/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="ru"><hi rendition="#rend_italic">21</hi> 43,
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Ялг.</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en"><hi rendition="#rend_italic">21</hi> 43,
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Yalguzidze translation</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Гемината <c>-dd-</c> возникает иногда из <c>-nd-</c> по ассимиляции:
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_bæddyn"><w>bæddyn</w>
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<gloss><q>вязать</q></gloss></ref> из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e683" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e380" xml:lang="ira"><m>band-</m></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sæddyn"><w>sæddyn</w>
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<gloss><q>ломать</q></gloss></ref> из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e693" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e390" xml:lang="ira"><m type="rec">sand-</m></mentioned>.
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Естественно поэтому возводить <oRef>raddyn</oRef> к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e699" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e396" xml:lang="ira"><m type="rec">rand-</m></mentioned> и сблизить с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e703" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e400" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<w>rand-: ratt</w>
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<gloss><q>давать</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/>
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<biblScope>II 477</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Lorimer"/>
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<biblScope>II 199</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. На деле все оказывается не
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так просто. В дигорском начальный слог <c>ra-</c> вне всякого сомнения мыслится как
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преверб <m>ra-</m> и может отделяться, например: <example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="example_d5482e426" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dæ kizgæ min raddæ osæn! —
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ra-din-æj-ædʒænæn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">дай мне свою дочь в жены! — я дам ее тебе</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 115</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>. Судя по этим примерам, мы имеем дело с превербным глаголом <w>ra-æddun</w> ←
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<w>ra-dæd-dun</w> (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e750" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e447" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>frā-dadāmi</w>
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<gloss><q>я даю</q></gloss></mentioned>). В пользу того, что <c>ra-</c> мыслится здесь
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как преверб, говорит и устойчивая перфективная семантика глагола <oRef>raddyn</oRef>:
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именно превербные формы получают в осетинском перфективное значение (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ГО"/>
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<biblScope>§ 105</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
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<biblScope>54–68</biblScope></bibl>). Не исключено, однако, что трактовка начального
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<c>ra-</c> как преверба — результат позднейшего переосмысления и что глагол следует все
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же возводить к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e775" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e472" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<m type="rec">rad-</m>, <m type="rec">rand-</m></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e784" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e481" xml:lang="iir"><lang/>
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<m type="rec">radh-</m>, <m type="rec">randh-</m>
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<gloss><q>быть во власти</q></gloss>, в каузативе <gloss><q>отдавать во
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власть</q></gloss></mentioned>; ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e799" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e496" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<m>radh-</m>, <w>randhāyati</w>
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<gloss><q>отдавать во власть</q></gloss></mentioned>. Сюда же, в этом случае, упомянутое
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e810" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e507" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
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<m>rand-</m>
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<gloss><q>давать</q></gloss></mentioned>. Приняв эту этимологию, легче объяснить и форму
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прош. причастия <oRef>rard</oRef>. Вывести ее из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e820" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e517" xml:lang="ira"><m type="rec">frā-dāta-</m></mentioned> или
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e824" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e521" xml:lang="ira"><m type="rec">rāta-</m>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(от корня <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e830" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e527" xml:lang="ira"><m>rā-</m>
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<gloss><q>дарить</q></gloss></mentioned>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/>
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<biblScope>1518</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> невозможно. Созвучие
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<oRef>rard</oRef> с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e844" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e541" xml:lang="xtq"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<m>rorda-</m>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>данный</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">((<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e854" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e551" xml:lang="kho"><m>a-rorda-</m>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>не данный</q></gloss></mentioned>))</note></mentioned> обманчиво: сак.
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e863" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e559" xml:lang="xtq"><w>rorda</w></mentioned> восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e869" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e562" xml:lang="ira"><m type="rec">fra-bṛta-</m></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
(<bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_HO"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>134</biblScope></bibl>), что в осетинском закономерно дало <w>læværd</w>, см.
|
|||
|
|
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_læværdton"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lævar"/>. Но
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>rard</oRef> может восходить к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e889" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e582" xml:lang="iir"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<m type="rec">raddha-</m></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e895" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e588" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<m>razda-</m></mentioned> с последующим переходом <m type="rec">razd-</m> → <w>rard</w>
|
|||
|
|
(<c>-rd-</c> из <c>-zd-</c>, как в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æxsærdæs"><w>æxsærdæs</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>шестнадцать</q></gloss></ref> из <w type="rec">æxsæzdæs</w>). Ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e919" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e612" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>razda</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>утомленный</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>выбившийся из сил</q></gloss></mentioned>;
|
|||
|
|
для развития значения <q>давать</q> — <q>выбиваться из сил</q> ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e935" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e628" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>сдать</w> в смысле <gloss><q>ослабеть</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>похудеть</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>обессилеть</q></gloss></mentioned> или <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e949" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e642" xml:lang="en"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>give</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>давать</q></gloss></mentioned> и <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e954" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e650" xml:lang="en"><w>give out</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>иссякнуть (о силах)</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>выбиться из
|
|||
|
|
сил</q></gloss></mentioned>. Вероятность, что <oRef>rard</oRef> отражает формы с
|
|||
|
|
удвоением от <c>ra-</c> (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e962" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e663" xml:lang="sa-vaidika"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<m>rara-</m>, <w>raridhvam</w></mentioned>), минимальна.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
<etym xml:lang="en">A geminate consonant <c>-dd-</c> sometimes arises from <c>-nd-</c> by
|
|||
|
|
assimilation: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bæddyn"><w>bæddyn</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>knit</q></gloss></ref> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e380" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e683" xml:lang="ira"><m>band-</m></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sæddyn"><w>sæddyn</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>break</q></gloss></ref> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e390" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e693" xml:lang="ira"><m type="rec">sand-</m></mentioned>. Therefore, it is natural to trace <oRef>raddyn</oRef> back to
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e396" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e699" xml:lang="ira"><m type="rec">rand-</m></mentioned> and bring it together with
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e400" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e703" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>rand-: ratt</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>give</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 477</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Lorimer"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 199</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. In fact, everything is not
|
|||
|
|
so simple. In Digor, the initial syllable <c>ra-</c> is undoubtedly conceived as the
|
|||
|
|
preverb <m>ra-</m> and can be separated, for example: <example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="example_d5482e729" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dæ kizgæ min raddæ osæn! —
|
|||
|
|
ra-din-æj-ædʒænæn</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">give me your daughter in marriage! — I will
|
|||
|
|
give her to you</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 115</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>. Judging by these examples, we are dealing with a preverb verb <w>ra-æddun</w>
|
|||
|
|
← <w>ra-dæd-dun</w> (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e447" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e750" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>frā-dadāmi</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>I give</q></gloss></mentioned>). Stable perfective semantics of the verb
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>raddyn</oRef> speaks in favour of the fact that <c>ra-</c> is conceived here as a
|
|||
|
|
preverb: it is the preverb forms that receive the perfective meaning in Ossetic
|
|||
|
|
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ГО"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>§ 105</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>54–68</biblScope></bibl>). It is possible, however, that the interpretation
|
|||
|
|
of the initial <c>ra-</c> as a preverb is a result the result of a later reanalysis and
|
|||
|
|
that the verb should still be traced back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e472" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e775" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<m type="rec">rad-</m>, <m type="rec">rand-</m></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e481" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e784" xml:lang="iir"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<m type="rec">radh-</m>, <m type="rec">randh-</m>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>be in power</q></gloss>, causative <gloss><q>give into
|
|||
|
|
power</q></gloss></mentioned>; cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e496" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e799" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<m>radh-</m>, <w>randhāyati</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>give into power</q></gloss></mentioned>. In this case, the mentioned
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e507" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e810" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<m>rand-</m>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>give</q></gloss></mentioned> is related to it as well. If one accepts this
|
|||
|
|
etymology, it is easier to explain the past participle form <oRef>rard</oRef>. It is
|
|||
|
|
impossible to derive it from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e517" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e820" xml:lang="ira"><m type="rec">frā-dāta-</m></mentioned> or <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e521" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e824" xml:lang="ira"><m type="rec">rāta-</m>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(of the stem <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e527" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e830" xml:lang="ira"><m>rā-</m>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>present</q></gloss></mentioned>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1518</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. The similarity between
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>rard</oRef> and <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e541" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e844" xml:lang="xtq"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<m>rorda-</m>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>given</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e551" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e854" xml:lang="kho"><m>a-rorda-</m>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>not given</q></gloss></mentioned>)</note></mentioned> is deceptive:
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20220718T230508+0300" comment="какой язык? сак. или сак. тумшук? в тексте "сак""?><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e559" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e863" xml:lang="xtq"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>rorda</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> traces back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e562" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e869" xml:lang="ira"><m type="rec">fra-bṛta-</m></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_HO"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>134</biblScope></bibl>), which in Ossetic resulted in <w>læværd</w>, see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_læværdton"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_lævar"/>. However,
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>rard</oRef> can trace back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e582" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e889" xml:lang="iir"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<m type="rec">raddha-</m></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e588" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e895" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<m>razda-</m></mentioned> followed by the transition <m type="rec">razd-</m> →
|
|||
|
|
<w>rard</w> (<c>-rd-</c> from <c>-zd-</c>, as in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æxsærdæs"><w>æxsærdæs</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>sixteen</q></gloss></ref> from <w type="rec">æxsæzdæs</w>). Cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e612" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e919" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>razda</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>tired</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>exhausted</q></gloss></mentioned>; as for the
|
|||
|
|
development of the meaning <q>give</q> — <q>be exhausted</q> cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e628" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e935" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>sdatʼ</w> in the meaning <gloss><q>weaken</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>lose
|
|||
|
|
weight</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>become weak</q></gloss></mentioned> or <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e642" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e949" xml:lang="en"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>give</w></mentioned> and <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e650" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e954" xml:lang="en"><w>give out</w></mentioned>. The
|
|||
|
|
possibility that <oRef>rard</oRef> reflects forms with a doubling of <c>ra-</c>
|
|||
|
|
(<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5482e663" xml:id="mentioned_d5482e962" xml:lang="sa-vaidika"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<m>rara-</m>, <w>raridhvam</w></mentioned>) is minimal.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
</entry>
|
|||
|
|
</body>
|
|||
|
|
</text>
|
|||
|
|
</TEI>
|