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abaev-xml/entries/abaev_sawǵyn.xml

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2025-03-21 13:42:40 +03:00
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">sawǵyn</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
</tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_sawǵyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
<form xml:id="form_d2520e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>sawǵyn</orth></form>
<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>sawgin</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d2520e69">
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>священник</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>priest</q>
</abv:tr>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>поп</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
</sense>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Zarbeg <oRef>sawǵynæn</oRef> arcǧawæggag fonʒ
somy jæ kʼūxy asaǧta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Зарбег попу за венчание сунул в руку пять
рублей</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Zarbeg put five rubles for the wedding in
priest's hand</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
<biblScope>67</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">næ zydtoj raǵy zamany næ fydæltæ
<oRef>sawǵynty</oRef>, næ sæm wyd arǧwantæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">не знали наши предки в старые времена
священников, не было у них церквей</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">our ancestors didn't knew priests in the old
days, they hadn't got churches</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
<biblScope>171</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">biccew ew ǧæzdug <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">sawginmæ</oRef> ixwærsti bacudæj</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мальчик поступил батраком к одному богатому
попу</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a boy started to work as a farmhand for a one
rich priest</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
<biblScope>184</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">sawgini</oRef>
osi fænsta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">она подражала попадье</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">she imitated a priests's wife</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
<biblScope>81</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Misirbij mardi fælust iskodtoncæ, isarǧudta
ibæl <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">sawgin</oRef> æma ’j banigædtoncæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Мисирби одели в покойницкую одежду, поп
отслужил по нем (панихиду), и его похоронили</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">[they] dressed Misirbi in the clothes for
deceased, the priest served memorial church service for him, and he was buried</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
<biblScope>130</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">От <ref type="xr" target="#entry_saw"/>
<gloss><q>черный</q></gloss> с помощью суффикса <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>-gyn</m> |
<m>-gin</m></mentioned>, указывающего на обладание чем-либо (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ГО"/>
<biblScope>§ 182</biblScope></bibl>), буквально <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">одетый в черное</q></gloss>; ср. по образованию <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>q˳yn-ǵyn</w>
<gloss><q>волосатый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>cūqqa-ǵyn</w>
<gloss><q>одетый в черкеску</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>nymæt-ǵyn</w>
<gloss><q>одетый в бурку</q></gloss></mentioned> и т. п. Речь шла первоначально об
одетых в черное монахах, бывших первыми христианскими миссионерами в Алании. Всего
вероятнее, <oRef/> представляет кальку <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
<w>šavosani(beri)</w>
<gloss><q>монах</q></gloss>, буквально <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">одетый в
черное</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>μελανείμων</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Чубинов"/>
<biblScope>823</biblScope></bibl>) ср. также <mentioned xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
<w>črъnьcъ</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Berneker"/>
<biblScope>169</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>чернец</w>, <w>черноризец</w>, <w>черное духовенство</w></mentioned>. Из аланского
идет <mentioned xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
<w>šogen</w>
<gloss><q>священник</q></gloss></mentioned>; в записи 1634 г. итальянского
путешественника Emiddio <name>d'Ascoli</name>
<quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">черк. <mentioned xml:lang="kbd-x-crc"><w>sciugen</w></mentioned></q></quote> (<bibl xml:lang="ru"><title>Материалы по
археологии Кавказа</title>
<biblScope>III 136</biblScope></bibl>).<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">О
христианстве у адыгских племен см.: <bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Лавров.</author>
<title>Доисламские верования адыгейцев и кабардинцев.</title>
<pubPlace>Тр. Инст. этногр.</pubPlace>
<biblScope>1959 LI 225—234</biblScope></bibl>.</note> Отсюда кабардинские фамилии
<mentioned xml:lang="kbd"><w n="0">Шогенов</w> и <w n="0">Шогенцуков</w></mentioned>. По сообщению
М. Цагова, попы вербовались исключительно из рода Шогеновых. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Шегрен"/>
<biblScope xml:lang="ru">47, прим. II</biblScope></bibl>: <quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes"><oRef>Сауджiн</oRef>,
д. <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">саугiн</oRef>
<gloss><q>поп</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>священник</q></gloss> явно происходит от <ref type="xr" target="#entry_saw"><w>сау</w></ref>
<gloss><q>черный</q></gloss> и, следовательно, значит по-настоящему <gloss><hi rendition="#rend_italic">весь</hi></gloss> или <gloss><hi rendition="#rend_italic">совсем черный</hi></gloss>, что служит доказательством, что осетины получили
первые свои понятия о христианской вере <hi rendition="#rend_italic">монахами</hi>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote"><quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">монахами</q></quote> — в смысле <quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">от
монахов</q></quote>.</note></q></quote>. —
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
<biblScope>88</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">From <ref type="xr" target="#entry_saw"/>
<gloss><q>black</q></gloss> with the suffix <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>-gyn</m> |
<m>-gin</m></mentioned>, which denotes posession (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ГО"/>
<biblScope>§ 182</biblScope></bibl>), literally <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">dressed in black</q></gloss>; cf. the derivation of <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>q˳yn-ǵyn</w>
<gloss><q>hairy</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>cūqqa-ǵyn</w>
<gloss><q>dressed in a Circassian coat</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>nymæt-ǵyn</w>
<gloss><q>dressed in a felt coat</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. It refers initially to the
monks dressed in black: they were the first Christian missioners in Alania. Most likely,
<oRef/> is a calque from <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
<w>šavosani(beri)</w>
<gloss><q>monk</q></gloss>, literally <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">dressed
in black</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>μελανείμων</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Чубинов"/>
<biblScope>823</biblScope></bibl>) cf. also <mentioned xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
<w>črъnьcъ</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Berneker"/>
<biblScope>169</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>černec</w>, <w>černorizec</w>, <w>černoje duhovenstvo</w></mentioned>. From Alanian
is borrowed <mentioned xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
<w>šogen</w>
<gloss><q>priest</q></gloss></mentioned>; in the note of the Italian traveler Emiddio
<name>d'Ascoli</name> dated 1634 <quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Circassian
<mentioned xml:lang="kbd-x-crc"><w>sciugen</w></mentioned></q></quote> (<bibl xml:lang="en"><title>Materialy po arxeologii Kavkaza</title>
[Materials on the archeology of the Caucasus]
<biblScope>III 136</biblScope></bibl>).<note type="footnote">On Christianity among the
Adyghe tribes see <bibl xml:lang="en"><author>Lavrov.</author>
<title>Doislamskie verovanija adygejcev i kabardincev</title> [Pre-Islamic beliefs of the Adyghes
and the Kabardians].
<pubPlace>Tr. Inst. ètn.</pubPlace>
<biblScope>1959 LI 225—234</biblScope></bibl>.</note> The Kabardian surnames
<mentioned xml:lang="kbd"><w>Šogenov</w> and <w>Šogentsukov</w></mentioned> are
borrowings from Ossetic. Accroding to the message of M. Tsagov, a person could become a
priest only if he belonged to the family of <mentioned xml:lang="kbd"><w>Šogenov</w></mentioned>. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Шегрен"/>
<biblScope xml:lang="en">47, note
II</biblScope></bibl>: <quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes"><oRef>Сауджiн</oRef>,
Digor <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">саугiн</oRef>
<gloss><q>priest</q></gloss> was obviously derived from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_saw"><w>сау</w></ref>
<gloss><q>black</q></gloss> and, thus, means really <gloss><hi rendition="#rend_italic">all</hi></gloss> or <gloss><hi rendition="#rend_italic">completely black</hi></gloss>, which is the evidence that Ossetians were
initially told about the concepts of Cristianity by <hi rendition="#rend_italic">monks</hi></q></quote>. —
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
<biblScope>88</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>
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