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abaev-xml/entries/abaev_sysḱy.xml

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2025-03-21 13:42:40 +03:00
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">sysḱy</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
</tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_sysḱy" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
<form xml:id="form_d4813e66" type="lemma"><orth>sysḱy</orth></form>
<sense>
<sense xml:id="sense_d2600e69">
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>овес</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>oats</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>Avena sativa</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>Avena sativa</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
</sense>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; в дигорском овес зовется <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zætxæ"/>; но засвидетельствовано также <formGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<form xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="dialectal" xml:lang="os"><orth>siskʼi</orth></form>
<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СОПам."/>
<biblScope>II 174</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
</formGrp> и <formGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<form xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="dialectal" xml:lang="os"><orth>suski</orth></form>
<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Güldenstädt"/>
<biblScope>II 540</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
</formGrp></note>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; in Digor, oats is called<ref type="xr" target="#entry_zætxæ"/>; but <formGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<form xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="dialectal" xml:lang="os"><orth>siskʼi</orth></form>
<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СОПам."/>
<biblScope>II 174</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
</formGrp> and <formGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<form xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="dialectal" xml:lang="os"><orth>suski</orth></form>
<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Güldenstädt"/>
<biblScope>II 540</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
</formGrp> were also attested</note>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæ fydy fyd Zalia ūcy ræstæǵy īw ḱyzg
balxædta ærtæ <oRef>sysḱyjy</oRef> mærtæj</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мой дед Залиа в то время купил одну девочку за
три меры овса</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">at that time, my grandfather Zalia bought one
girl for three measures of oats</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
<biblScope>22</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ūrdygæj nyn ratærʒystūt <oRef>sysḱyjæ</oRef>
xast ælvæst bæxtæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">оттуда вы угоните вскормленных овсом подтянутых
коней</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">from there you will steal oat-fed taut
horses</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Хар._Кадӕг"/>
<biblScope>20</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sylgojmag næ ardta jæ fyrttæn
<oRef>sysḱyjæ</oRef> kærʒyn</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">женщина не находила для своих сыновей (даже)
овсяного хлеба</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the woman could not find (even) oatmeal for her
sons</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bar."/>
<biblScope>60</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">læværdta syn (bajrag æmæ wæryḱḱytæn) alcy dær
ænævǧaw: qæbærxor, <oRef>sysḱy</oRef>, cʼata</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он давал им (жеребенку и ягнятам) всего
вдоволь: ячмень, овес, отруби</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he gave them (foal and lambs) everything in
plenty — barley, oats, bran</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
<biblScope>III 66</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">yssad væjjy mænæwæj, nartxoræj, qæbærxoræj,
<oRef>sysḱyjæ</oRef>, jæwæj æmæ cʼojæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мука бывает пшеничная, кукурузная, ячменная,
овсяная, просяная и ржаная</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">flour can be made of wheat, corn, barley,
oatmeal, millet and rye</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
<biblScope>1969 I 77</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>siskʼi</oRef>, qæsqær — æ
xwærujnag</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">овес, отруби — его пища</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">oats, bran are his food</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
<biblScope>II 174</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">. — От <oRef>sysḱy</oRef> нельзя отделять и. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sīsk"><w>sisk</w>
<gloss><q>четырехрядный ячмень</q></gloss></ref></note>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">. — From <oRef>sysḱy</oRef> one cannot separate Iron <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sīsk"><w>sisk</w>
<gloss><q>four-row barley</q></gloss></ref></note>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Слово сближали с <mentioned xml:lang="udm"><lang/>
<w>śeźi</w>
<gloss><q>овес</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Munkácsi._ÁKE"/>
<biblScope>10</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KSz."/>
<biblScope>IV 381</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
<biblScope>8</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><title xml:lang="ru">Древности
восточные</title>
<biblScope>I <hi rendition="#rend_italic">3</hi>
292</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Однако ввиду изолированности удмуртского
слова остается неясным, кто у кого заимствовал, если вообще существует какая-либо связь
(cp.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Sköld._Oss."/>
<biblScope>9</biblScope></bibl> — <bibl><author>Joki</author>, <title>Suomen
Suku</title>
<biblScope>1962 XXIII 159—160</biblScope></bibl>). Не исключено, что <oRef>sysḱy</oRef>,
как и д. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zætxæ"/>, идет из кавказского субстрата. Ср.
<mentioned xml:lang="ce" extralang="inh"><lang/>
<w>siskal</w>
<gloss><q>кукурузный чурек</q></gloss></mentioned>. Поскольку кукуруза зовется в
чечено-ингушском <mentioned xml:lang="ce" extralang="inh"><w>x́ažkʼa</w></mentioned>,
можно думать, что в <mentioned xml:lang="ce" extralang="inh"><w>siskal</w></mentioned>
скрывается название какого-то другого злака, предшественника кукурузы, совершенно так же,
как в ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kærʒyn"><w>kærʒyn</w>
<gloss><q>хлеб</q></gloss></ref> скрывается название ячменя, хотя слово применяется и к
кукурузному чуреку. Если так, то <mentioned xml:lang="ce" extralang="inh"><lang/>
<w>sisk-</w></mentioned> трудно отделять от ос. <oRef>sysḱy</oRef> | <oRef>siski</oRef>
и <mentioned xml:lang="ce" extralang="inh"><w>sisk</w></mentioned>. Фонетически мало
вероятна связь с <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
<w>čušč</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
<w>čəšč</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
<w>kusk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>kašk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl" extralang="ira"><lang>арм.</lang> (из
иран.) <w>kʼaskʼ</w>
<gloss><q>ячмень</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
<w>chaska-</w>
<gloss><q>зерно</q></gloss></mentioned>. Об этой группе см.:
<bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
<biblScope>1973 XXXVI 227</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">The word was brough together with <mentioned xml:lang="udm"><lang/>
<w>śeźi</w>
<gloss><q>oats</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Munkácsi._ÁKE"/>
<biblScope>10</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KSz."/>
<biblScope>IV 381</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
<biblScope>8</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><title>Drevnosti vostočnye</title> [Oriental
antiquities]
<biblScope>I <hi rendition="#rend_italic">3</hi>
292</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. However, due to the isolation of the Udmurt
word, it remains unclear who borrowed from whom, if there was any connection at all (cf.:
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Sköld._Oss."/>
<biblScope>9</biblScope></bibl> — <bibl><author>Joki</author>, <title>Suomen
Suku</title>
<biblScope>1962 XXIII 159—160</biblScope></bibl>). It is possible that
<oRef>sysḱy</oRef>, as well as <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zætxæ"/>, comes from the
Caucasian substrate. Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="ce" extralang="inh"><lang/>
<w>siskal</w>
<gloss><q>corn churek</q></gloss></mentioned>. Since corn is called <mentioned xml:lang="ce" extralang="inh"><w>x́ažkʼa</w></mentioned> in Chechen-Ingush, one can
think that <mentioned xml:lang="ce" extralang="inh"><w>siskal</w></mentioned> conceals a
name of some other cereal, the predecessor of corn, likewise Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kærʒyn"><w>kærʒyn</w>
<gloss><q>bread</q></gloss></ref> conceals the name of barley, although the word is also
applied to corn churek. If this is so, then <mentioned xml:lang="ce" extralang="inh"><lang/>
<w>sisk-</w></mentioned> is hard to separate from <oRef>sysḱy</oRef> |
<oRef>siski</oRef> and <mentioned xml:lang="ce" extralang="inh"><w>sisk</w></mentioned>.
Phonetically, it is unlikely to be related to <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
<w>čušč</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
<w>čəšč</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
<w>kusk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>kašk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/> (from Iranian) <w>kʼaskʼ</w>
<gloss><q>barley</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
<w>chaska-</w>
<gloss><q>corn</q></gloss></mentioned>. On this group, see:
<bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
<biblScope>1973 XXXVI 227</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>
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