261 lines
15 KiB
XML
261 lines
15 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">tʼæpp</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_tʼæpp" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="complete">
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<form xml:id="form_d1580e66" type="lemma"><orth>tʼæpp</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1580e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>звучный удар</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>resounding blow</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (звук от удара, а также от чего-нибудь лопнувшего,
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треснувшего, шлепнувшегося)</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (sound from a blow, as well as from something
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bursting)</note>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>хлоп!</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>bang!</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>бац!</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>wham!</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>трах!</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>crack!</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>nytʼtʼæpp kænyn</orth><form type="variant"><orth>nytʼtʼæpp
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lasyn</orth></form></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сильно, звучно ударить, хлопнуть, шлепнуть</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">hit hard, slap</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>atʼæpp wyn</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">лопнуть</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">burst</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>треснуть</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>crack</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>tʼæppytæ xawyn</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">лопаться</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">burst</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>разрываться</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>tear</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>atʼæpp</oRef> wa, cy fyjjaw xony
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amondǵyn jæxī</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">лопнуть бы тому пастуху, который считает себя
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счастливым</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">that shepherd who considers himself happy
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should burst</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>103</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæg˳yr adæmy zærdæ <oRef>tʼæppytæ</oRef>
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xawdta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сердце бедного народа разрывалось (от горя)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the heart of the poor people was torn (from
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grief)</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>23</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(mollo) adæmy carm stʼīǧy, mīnasæj
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<oRef>tʼæpp</oRef> xawy</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(мулла) дерет шкуру с народа, (сам) угощается
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вволю («лопается от угощения»)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(the mullah) skins the people, (but) treats
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himself to his heart’s content (“bursts from treats”)</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Arsen"/>
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<biblScope>122</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cardæj <oRef>tʼæpp</oRef> xawy</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">живет в изобилии</q>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> («лопается от
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избытка жизни»)</note>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment"> («лопается от
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избытка жизни»)</note>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">lives in abundance</q>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="comment"> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">explodes from excess of life</q>)</note>
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</tr>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dony jæ <oRef>tʼæpp</oRef> fæcyd</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он шлепнулся в воду</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he fell into the water</q>
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</tr>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fyjjaw jæ sæǧ <oRef>tʼæppdyǧd</oRef>
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kæny</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пастух доит свою козу, похлопывая ее (по
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вымени)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a shepherd milks his goat, patting it (on the
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udder)</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сл."/></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dæ cæstægænægi cæstæ otæ
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<oRef>fætʼtʼæpp</oRef> wæd</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пусть так же лопнет глаз того, кто тебя
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сглазил</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">let the eye of the one who jinxed you also
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burst</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">из заговора
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против дурного глаза;</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">from a spell against
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the evil eye;</note>
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<ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 173</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Звукоподражательное. Различные виды удара (а также падения) передаются
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целой серией мимем: <oRef>tʼæpp</oRef>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>tʼupp</w></mentioned>,
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_g0ypp"/>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>kʼupp</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xaft"/>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w><?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20221016T110633+0300" comment="и здесь" id="fdy_chz_rwb"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230305T015901+0300" parentID="fdy_chz_rwb" comment="NB: похоже на причастие от *дзӕхсын / идзӕхсун, странно, что в соотв. слове это не отмечено" mid="1"?>ʒæxst<?oxy_comment_end mid="1"?><?oxy_comment_end ?></w></mentioned>,
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<mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>færtt</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cælq"/>, <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><w>myqq</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cʼykk"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼærcc"/>, <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><w>kʼ˳yrcc</w></mentioned> (<bibl><title>Тр. Инст. языкозн.</title>
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<biblScope>1956 VI 414</biblScope></bibl>); слово <oRef>tʼæpp</oRef> обременено еще
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значением <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">лопанья</q>. Сходные звукоподражания находим в
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других языках: <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>tap</w>
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<gloss>подражание звуку удара</gloss>, <gloss><q>трах</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
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<biblScope>III 945</biblScope></bibl>)</note>, <gloss><q>Lautnachahmung des
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Schlagens, Klopfens</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Räsänen._Versuch"/>
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<biblScope>462</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="hu"><lang/>
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<w>topni</w>, <w>tobni</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mns"><lang/>
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<w>tåmp-</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>mit knallender Stimme werfen, schlagen</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Rédei</author>. <title>Uralisches etymologisches
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Wörterbuch</title>. <bibl type="j"><title>Acta Lingu. Hung.</title>
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<biblScope>1970 XX 423</biblScope></bibl></bibl>)</note>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Onomatopoeic. Various types of hitting (as well as falling) are
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transmitted by a whole series of mimemes: <oRef>tʼæpp</oRef>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>tʼupp</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_g0ypp"/>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>kʼupp</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xaft"/>,
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<mentioned xml:lang="os"><w><?oxy_comment_start author="irina" timestamp="20221016T110633+0300" comment="и здесь" id="fdy_chz_rwb"?><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230305T015901+0300" parentID="fdy_chz_rwb" comment="NB: похоже на причастие от *дзӕхсын / идзӕхсун, странно, что в соотв. слове это не отмечено" mid="3"?>ʒæxst<?oxy_comment_end mid="3"?><?oxy_comment_end ?></w></mentioned>,
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<mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>færtt</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cælq"/>, <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><w>myqq</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cʼykk"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼærcc"/>, <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-iron"><w>kʼ˳yrcc</w></mentioned> (<bibl><title>Trudy Instituta
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jazykoznanija</title> [Proceedings of the Institute of Linguistics]. <biblScope>1956
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VI 414</biblScope></bibl>); the word <oRef>tʼæpp</oRef> is also burdened with the
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meaning of <q>bursting</q>. We find similar onomatopoeic words in other languages:
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<mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>tap</w>
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<gloss>imitation of the sound of a blow</gloss>, <gloss><q>bang</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
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<biblScope>III 945</biblScope></bibl>)</note>, <gloss><q>Lautnachahmung des
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Schlagens, Klopfens</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Räsänen._Versuch"/>
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<biblScope>462</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="hu"><lang/>
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<w>topni</w>, <w>tobni</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mns"><lang/>
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<w>tåmp-</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>mit knallender Stimme werfen, schlagen</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Rédei</author>. <title>Uralisches etymologisches
|
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Wörterbuch</title>. <bibl type="j"><title>Acta Lingu. Hung.</title>
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<biblScope>1970 XX 423</biblScope></bibl></bibl>)</note>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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