252 lines
14 KiB
XML
252 lines
14 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">wyrys</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_wyrys" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d4457e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>wyrys</orth></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>urus</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4457e69">
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>русские</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Russians</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>русский народ</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Russian people</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Россия</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Russia</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>wyryssag</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">русский</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Russian</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (subst. и adj.)</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (subst. and adj.)</note>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>wyryssagaw</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">по-русски</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">in Russian</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ysqomyl dæn <oRef>wyrysīmæ</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я вырос с русскими</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I grew up with Russians</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>40</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">syvællonæj sax˳yr dæn <oRef>wyryssagaw</oRef>
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ʒūryn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в детстве я научился говорить по-русски</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">in childhood I learnt to speak Russian</q>
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</tr>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">G˳yrʒyston <oRef>Wyrysīmæ</oRef> baīwkænyny
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aǧommæ...</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">до присоединения Грузии к России</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">before Georgia's joining to Russia</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>33</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cægaty ’rdygæj <oRef>wyrys</oRef>
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fæzyndysty... fervæzyn næ kodta Wyrys</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">с севера появились русские... Россия спасла
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нас</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">from the North came Russians... Russia saved
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us</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
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<biblScope>100</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>wyryssag</oRef> padcaxady
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syræzt</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">возникновение русского государства</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the emergence of Russian state</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><title>SSR Cædīsy istorijy cybyr kurs</title>.
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<pubPlace>Stalinir</pubPlace>, <date>1938</date>, <biblScope>p.
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40</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>wyryssag</oRef> æfsædtænyp pyrx kodtoj
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šaxy ’fsædty</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">русские войска разгромили войска шаха</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Russian troops defeated Shah's armies</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><title>SSR Cædīsy istorijy cybyr kurs</title>.
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<pubPlace>Stalinir</pubPlace>, <date>1938</date>, <biblScope>p.
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113</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">īw x˳ycaw nyn īs ne ’ppætændær,
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<oRef>wyrysæj</oRef>, g˳yrʒyjæ, iræj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">один Бог у нас у всех, русских, грузин,
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осетин</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">we all have one God, Russians, Georgians,
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Ossetians</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нафи"/>
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<biblScope>8</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Aznaur... æ <oRef>urussag</oRef> topp
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felvusgæj iswaʒuj æma Sidaq-ældaræn æ tækkæ tærnixi isænbæluj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Азнаур, выхватив свое русское ружье, стреляет
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(<q>выпускает</q>) и попадает Сидак-алдару прямо в лоб</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Aznaur, snatching his Russian gun, shot
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(<q>released</q>) and hit Sidaq-ældar right at the forehead</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>56<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">29</hi></biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>wyryssagaw</oRef> saltaj-baltaj sax˳yr
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īs</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он научился болтать по-русски</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he learnt to chat in Russian</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>87</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Gædi, læppū-læg wævgæjæ,
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<oRef>wyryssagaw</oRef> taǧd bazydta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Гади, будучи молодым человеком, быстро научился
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по-русски</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Gadi, being a young man, learnt Russian
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quickly</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>103</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Этноним усвоен не прямо из русского, а через посредство языка,
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избегающего начального <c>r-</c>, скорее всего тюркского, как <w>wyrym</w> | <w>urum</w>
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<gloss><q>грек</q></gloss> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">римлянин</q></gloss>)
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в фамильных именах и. <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>Wyrymtæ</w></mentioned>, д. <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>Urujmægtæ</w></mentioned> при <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar" extralang="krc-x-karachay"><lang/>
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<w>urumlu</w>
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<gloss><q>грек</q></gloss></mentioned>, рядом с оригинальным аланским <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>rujmon</w>
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<gloss><q>римлянин</q></gloss> → <gloss><q>монстр</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ср.
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<mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>urus</w>, <w>urəs</w>
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<gloss><q>русский</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
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<biblScope>I 1657, 1663</biblScope></bibl>), но также <mentioned xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
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<w>urəs</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="uby"><lang/>
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<w>wərəs</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="abq"><lang/>
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<w>urəšw</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ab"><lang/>
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<w>a-urəs</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
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<w>örsi</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
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<w>erse</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="dar"><lang/>
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<w>urus</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lez"><lang/>
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<w>urus</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="av"><lang/>
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<w>γurus</w></mentioned>. — Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wæræse"/>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">The ethnonym is borrowed from Russian not directly, but through the
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medium of a language that avoided the initial <c>r-</c>, most probably, a Turkic one, as
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it was with <w>wyrym</w> | <w>urum</w>
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<gloss><q>Greek</q></gloss> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Roman</q></gloss>)
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in surnames, Iron <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>Wyrymtæ</w></mentioned>, Digor <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>Urujmægtæ</w></mentioned> along with <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar" extralang="krc-x-karachay"><lang/>
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<w>urumlu</w>
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<gloss><q>Greek</q></gloss></mentioned>, along with original Alanian <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>rujmon</w>
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<gloss><q>Roman</q></gloss> → <gloss><q>monster</q></gloss></mentioned>. Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>urus</w>, <w>urəs</w>
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<gloss><q>Russian</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
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<biblScope>I 1657, 1663</biblScope></bibl>), but also <mentioned xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
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<w>urəs</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="uby"><lang/>
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<w>wərəs</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="abq"><lang/>
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<w>urəšw</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ab"><lang/>
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<w>a-urəs</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
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<w>örsi</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
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<w>erse</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="dar"><lang/>
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<w>urus</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lez"><lang/>
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<w>urus</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="av"><lang/>
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<w>γurus</w></mentioned>. — Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wæræse"/>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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