578 lines
34 KiB
XML
578 lines
34 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">xos</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_xos" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="russian-questions">
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<form xml:id="form_d5296e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>xos</orth></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>xwasæ</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5296e69" n="1">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>сено</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>hay</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense n="2">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>лекарство</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>medicine</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>xosgænæg</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">лекарь</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">physician</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<sense n="3">
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">вообще </note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">вообще </note>
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<q>средство</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<note type="comment">generally </note>
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<q>means</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>выход</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>way</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (из положения)</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (out)</note>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>toppyxos</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">порох</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">gunpowder</q>
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</tr>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">ружейное
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средство</q>)</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">gun
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agent</q>)</note>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>qūsxos</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">запальный порох</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">firing powder</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>cʼæxxos</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">медный купорос</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">blue vitriol</q>
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</tr>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">синее
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зелье</q>)</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">blue
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potion</q>)</note>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>fadxos</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">подстилка из сена или травы в обуви горцев —
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærḱʼī"/></q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bedding of hay or grass in highlandersʼ shoes —
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærḱʼī"/></q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">. В названиях некоторых растений: <cit>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>cævægxos</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">горчица полевая</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">горчица полевая</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Sinapis arvensis</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Sinapis arvensis</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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</cit></note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">. In the names of some plants: <cit>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>cævægxos</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">горчица полевая</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">field mustard</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Sinapis arvensis</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Sinapis arvensis</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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</cit></note>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>fydxos</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">трава, употребляемая как приправа к мясному</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">herb used as a condiment for meat</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>валериана</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>valerian</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (?)</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (?)</note>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>qædūrxos</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вика</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">vetch</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Vicia</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Vicia</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">. Отмечен композит типа dvandva<cit>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>xor-xos</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_doublequotes">хлеб (и)
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сено</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_doublequotes">хлеб (и)
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сено</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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</cit></note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">. Compound of dvandva type was attested: <cit>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>xor-xos</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_doublequotes">хлеб (и)
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сено</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_doublequotes">bread (and)
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hay</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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</cit></note>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" n="1">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xorz fyjjawæn — fos, bīræ fosæn —
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<oRef>xos</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">хорошему пастуху — скот, многочисленному скоту
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— сено</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cattle is for a good shepherd, hay is for
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numerous cattle</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>117</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">adæm sæ xor-<oRef>xos</oRef> æræmbyrd
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kodtoj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">народ собрал свой хлеб (и) сено</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the people gathered their bread (and) hay</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>58</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fosæn cy q˳yd — qæmpæj, <oRef>xosæj</oRef> —
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ūj īwyldær mūsy mīdæg æværd wyd</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">что нужно было для скота — солома, сено — все
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это было сложено в гумно</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">what was needed for livestock — straw, hay —
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all this was piled up in the threshing floor</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>101</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xūssar fæxstyl cy kærdæg zajy æmæ xūr kæm
|
|||
|
|
aqary, ūj k˳y ʽrkærdync, wæd xwiny xūssajrag <oRef>xos</oRef></quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда скашивают траву, которая растет на южных
|
|||
|
|
склонах и пропитывается солнцем, то (такое сено) называют южным сеном</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">when they mow the grass that grows on the
|
|||
|
|
southern slopes and is saturated with the sun, then (such hay) is called southern
|
|||
|
|
hay</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><biblScope xml:lang="ru">из
|
|||
|
|
периодики</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">from periodicals</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bæxti fæste ci <oRef>xwasæ</oRef>
|
|||
|
|
bajzadæj...</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сено, которое осталось от коней...</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">hay left over from horses...</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1949 II 33</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ærxwar-xwasæ kænʒænæncæ</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">соберут хлеб (и) сено (<q>приведут в
|
|||
|
|
готовность</q>?)</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(they) will gather bread (and) hay
|
|||
|
|
(<q>prepare</q>?)</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes._Ka_ke"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>74</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
</exampleGrp>
|
|||
|
|
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" n="2">
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">særnīzy <oRef>xos</oRef></quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">лекарство от головной боли</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">medicine for headache</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wæ rynḱynæn nīcwal <oRef>xos</oRef>
|
|||
|
|
īs?</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">для вашей больной нет больше никакого
|
|||
|
|
лекарства?</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">there is no more medicine for your ill
|
|||
|
|
woman?</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>15</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">aftekmæ <oRef>xwasæmæ</oRef> taǧd-taǧd
|
|||
|
|
fæ-ccæj-wadtæn</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я в спешке бежал в аптеку за лекарством</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I ran in a hurry to the pharmacy for
|
|||
|
|
medicine</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1950 VII 42</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">badardtoncæ in xussægi
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>xwasæ</oRef></quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">дали ей снотворное лекарство</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(they) gave her sleeping pills</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>111</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
</exampleGrp>
|
|||
|
|
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" n="3">
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">je stongæn bærgæ īs cary īw nærtony
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>xos</oRef>... galy fīw</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">для его (кота) голода есть под потолком
|
|||
|
|
чудесное средство — говяжье сало</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">for his (catʼs) hunger, there is a wonderful
|
|||
|
|
remedy under the ceiling, beef lard</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>92</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">aj næ xwyzdær <oRef>xos</oRef>...</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вот для нас лучший выход...</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">hereʼs the best way out for us...</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>104</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æxsary jeddæmæ ʒy <oRef>xos</oRef> nal
|
|||
|
|
īs</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">нет другого выхода как (проявить) доблесть</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">there is no other way but to (show) valor</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>52</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæxī amarʒynæn, ændær <oRef>xos</oRef> myn
|
|||
|
|
næj</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я убью себя, другого выхода у меня нет</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I will kill myself, I have no other choice</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>82</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">næj amardæn <oRef>xostæ</oRef>, næj usastæn
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>xos</oRef></quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">нет лекарств для мертвого, нет средства для
|
|||
|
|
(восстановления) разбитого</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">there is no cure for the dead, no remedy for
|
|||
|
|
(restoring) the broken</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Niger"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>149</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
<example>
|
|||
|
|
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">az dyn <oRef>ysxos</oRef> kænʒynæn!</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я найду на тебя средство! (<q>я тебе
|
|||
|
|
задам</q>!)</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I will find a cure for you! (<q>я тебе
|
|||
|
|
задам</q>!)</q>
|
|||
|
|
</tr>
|
|||
|
|
</example>
|
|||
|
|
</exampleGrp>
|
|||
|
|
<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">huwāstra-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">добрая <note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>hu-</w></mentioned>)</note> трава <note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>wāstra-</w></mentioned>)</note></q></gloss></mentioned>. Об особом, ласкательном
|
|||
|
|
отношении к полезным растениям см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mænæw"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mænærǧ"/>. Группа <c>str</c> (как и <c>sr</c>) закономерно дает в
|
|||
|
|
осетинском <c>s</c>: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræs"><w>ræs</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>напильник</q></gloss></ref> из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">rastra-</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_syl_1"><w>syl</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>женщина</q></gloss></ref> из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>stri-</w></mentioned> (+<c>l</c>), <ref type="xr" target="#entry_daræs"><w>daræs</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>одежда</q></gloss></ref> из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>dāra-vastra-</w></mentioned>. Другие иранские языки отражают простое <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wāstra-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wāstrya-</w></mentioned> без украшающего эпитета <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>hu-</w></mentioned>: <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>waṣ̌ə</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="oru"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>γwāši</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>wīṣ̌</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ydg" extralang="mnj"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>wuš</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>трава</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgy" extralang="isk"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>wuš</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>солома</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>weṣ̌</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>wōṣ̌</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>трава</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>сено</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>hvāṣṣā-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>waš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>wāš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>wēš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">wēš</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>трава</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Henning</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AI"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>XV 236</biblScope></bibl>,<note type="footnote"><mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>hvāṣṣā-</w></mentioned> и некоторые другие приведенные иранские слова для травы
|
|||
|
|
могут восходить не к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wāstra-</w></mentioned>, а
|
|||
|
|
к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">waxša-</w></mentioned> от <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>waxš-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>расти</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Tomaschek"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>793, s. v. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Gras</hi></biblScope></bibl>. —
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._KhT"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>VI 435—437</biblScope></bibl>).</note>
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vāstra- </w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>пастбище</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>трава</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>x<hi rendition="#rend_superscript">v</hi>astra-</w> (= <w type="rec">hu-vāstra-</w>)<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">добротравный</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">добропастбищный</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1879</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. По семантическому развитию
|
|||
|
|
<q>трава</q> → <q>лекарство</q> → <q>порох</q> ср. <mentioned xml:lang="orv"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>зелье</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>трава</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>лекарство</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>яд</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>порох</q></gloss></mentioned>; также см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_toppyxos"/>. В этом же плане ср. еще <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">rūrā</w> (<w>rwrʼ</w>) <gloss><q>лекарство</q></gloss></mentioned> =
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>urvarā-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>растение</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Henning</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AI"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>XIV 476</biblScope></bibl>). К д. <oRef>xwasæ</oRef> примыкает, возможно,
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>xavsi</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>мох</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Андроникашвили"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>70, 74, 128</biblScope></bibl>). Вряд ли случайно также созвучие ос.
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>xos</oRef> и <mentioned xml:lang="ab"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>a-xušo</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>лекарство</q></gloss></mentioned>. — См. еще <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xosdon"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xosʒaw"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xosgænæg"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xosgærdæn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xosgærst"/>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
|
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<biblScope>93</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/>
|
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<biblScope>1948, стр. 78</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/>
|
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|
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<biblScope>1945, стр. 33</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Mayrhofer"/>
|
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<biblScope>Orientalia</biblScope>
|
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<biblScope>1964 XXXIII <hi rendition="#rend_italic">1</hi> 78</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
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|
|
<etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">huwāstra-</w>
|
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|
|
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">good <note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>hu-</w></mentioned>)</note> grass <note type="comment">(<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>wāstra-</w></mentioned>)</note></q></gloss></mentioned>. For a special, affectionate
|
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|
|
attitude towards useful plants, see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mænæw"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mænærǧ"/>. The cluster <c>str</c> (likewise <c>sr</c>) regularly yields
|
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|
|
in Ossetic <c>s</c>: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræs"><w>ræs</w>
|
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|
|
<gloss><q>rasp</q></gloss></ref> from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">rastra-</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_syl_1"><w>syl</w>
|
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|
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<gloss><q>woman</q></gloss></ref> from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>stri-</w></mentioned> (+<c>l</c>), <ref type="xr" target="#entry_daræs"><w>daræs</w>
|
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|
|
<gloss><q>cloth</q></gloss></ref> from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>dāra-vastra-</w></mentioned>. Other Iranian languages reflect the simple <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wāstra-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wāstrya-</w></mentioned> without embellishing epithet <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>hu-</w></mentioned>: <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>waṣ̌ə</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="oru"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>γwāši</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>wīṣ̌</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ydg" extralang="mnj"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>wuš</w>
|
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|
|
<gloss><q>grass</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgy" extralang="isk"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>wuš</w>
|
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|
|
<gloss><q>straw</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>weṣ̌</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>wōṣ̌</w>
|
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|
|
<gloss><q xml:id="q_rzr_tfd_wxb">grass</q></gloss>,
|
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|
|
<gloss><q>hay</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>hvāṣṣā-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>waš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>wāš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>wēš</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">wēš</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>grass</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Henning</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AI"/>
|
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|
|
<biblScope>XV 236</biblScope></bibl>,<note type="footnote"><mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>hvāṣṣā-</w></mentioned> and some other Iranian words for grass given may not go
|
|||
|
|
back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wāstra-</w></mentioned> but to
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">waxša-</w></mentioned> from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>waxš-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>grow</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Tomaschek"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>793, s. v. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">Gras</hi></biblScope></bibl>. —
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._KhT"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>VI 435—437</biblScope></bibl>).</note>
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>vāstra- </w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>pasture</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>grass</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>xᵛastra-</w> (= <w type="rec">hu-vāstra-</w>)<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">good-grassed</q></gloss>, <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">good-pastured</q></gloss><note type="bibl">
|
|||
|
|
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1879</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Compare the semantic
|
|||
|
|
development <q>grass</q> → <q>remedy</q> → <q>gunpowder</q> to <mentioned xml:lang="orv"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>зелье</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>grass</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>remedy</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>poison</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>gunpoder</q></gloss></mentioned>; see also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_toppyxos"/>. In the same respect, consider also <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">rūrā</w> (<w>rwrʼ</w>) <gloss><q>remedy</q></gloss></mentioned> =
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>urvarā-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>plant</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Henning</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AI"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>XIV 476</biblScope></bibl>). Digor <oRef>xwasæ</oRef> links, perhaps, to
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>xavsi</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>moss</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Андроникашвили"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>70, 74, 128</biblScope></bibl>). It is also unlikely that the resembance of
|
|||
|
|
<oRef>xos</oRef> and <mentioned xml:lang="ab"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>a-xušo</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>remedy</q></gloss></mentioned> is accidental. — See also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xosdon"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xosʒaw"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xosgænæg"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xosgærdæn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xosgærst"/>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>93</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope xml:lang="en">1948, p. 78</biblScope></bibl>. —
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope xml:lang="en">1945, p. 33</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Mayrhofer"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>Orientalia</biblScope>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1964 XXXIII <hi rendition="#rend_italic">1</hi> 78</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
</entry>
|
|||
|
|
</body>
|
|||
|
|
</text>
|
|||
|
|
</TEI>
|