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entries/abaev_farast.xml
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entries/abaev_farast.xml
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">farast</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_farast" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d2778e66" type="lemma"><orth>farast</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2778e69"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>девять</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>nine</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d2778e79">
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<form xml:id="form_d2778e81" type="lemma"><orth>faræstæm</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2778e84"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>девятый</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>ninth</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d2778e95">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d2778e97">
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<quote>kūrync īw mællæg sag farast baræǵy</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>просят (дать им) одного тощего оленя девять всадников</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>nine horsemen ask for one skinny deer</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>65</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">В отличие от остальных числительных, не восходит к
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соответствующему общеиндоевропейскому названию (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2778e185" xml:id="mentioned_d2778e119" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>nava-</w></mentioned>), а представляет новое, на осетинской почве
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возникшее образование из <hi rendition="#rend_italic">far-ast</hi> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">pāra-ašta</hi>) буквально „за восемью“,
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„сверх восьми“. Такой способ обозначения ‘девяти’ указывает на то, что восьмерка
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считалась „круглым“ числом, как и десятка. В пользу этого говорят и такие
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выражения, как <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æstæmæj æstmæ</hi> (в эпосе) „восемь дней“ (как круглый счет
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времени) и др. Древность подобных представлений подтверждается тем, что
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индоевропейское название ‘девяти’ происходит от прилагательного <hi rendition="#rend_italic">новый</hi> (ср.
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2778e190" xml:id="mentioned_d2778e124" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>nava-</w>
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<gloss><q>новый</q></gloss></mentioned> и <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2778e198" xml:id="mentioned_d2778e132" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>nava-</w>
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<gloss><q>девять</q></gloss></mentioned>) и означает „новое (после восьми)
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число“ (см.: <bibl><biblScope xml:lang="ru">Curtius. Grundzüge dergriech. Etym.
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Изд. 5-е, Leipzig, 1879, стр. 310 сл.</biblScope></bibl> — <bibl><biblScope xml:lang="ru">Нirzеl. Uber Rundzahlen</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><biblScope xml:lang="ru">А.
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Каеgi. Die Neunzahl bei dan Ostiraniern</biblScope></bibl>. —<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/><biblScope xml:lang="ru">51
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сл.</biblScope></bibl>).
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Общеиндоевропейское название ‘девяти’ должно было звучать в осетинском
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*næw-</hi>, что мы действительно и находим в д. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">næw-dæs</hi> (и. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">nū-dæs</hi>)
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‘девятнадцать’ [см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_næwdæs"/>]. — См. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fal-"/> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ast"/>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Шегрен"/><biblScope>155</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 159, III
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156</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>34, 48</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>158</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Unlike other numerals, it does not go back to the corresponding
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general Indo-European name (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2778e119" xml:id="mentioned_d2778e185" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>nava-</w></mentioned>). It represents a new formation that has arisen in
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Ossetic from <hi rendition="#rend_italic">far-ast</hi> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">pāra-ašta</hi>) literally ‘after eight’, ‘over eight’.
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This way of naming ‘nine’ indicates that eight was considered a round number,
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like ten. This is supported by expressions such as <hi rendition="#rend_italic">æstæmæj æstmæ</hi> (in an
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epos) ‘eight days’ (as a round way of time tracking) etc. The antiquity of such
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ideas is confirmed by the fact that the Indo-European word for ‘nine’ comes from
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the adjective <hi rendition="#rend_italic">new</hi> (cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2778e124" xml:id="mentioned_d2778e190" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>nava-</w>
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<gloss><q>new</q></gloss></mentioned> and <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2778e132" xml:id="mentioned_d2778e198" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>nava-</w>
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<gloss><q>ninve</q></gloss></mentioned>) and it means ‘new (after eight)
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number’ (see: <bibl><biblScope xml:lang="en">Curtius. Grundzüge dergriech. Etym. 5th edition, Leipzig,
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1879, p. 310 ff.</biblScope></bibl> — <bibl><biblScope xml:lang="en">Нirzеl.
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Uber Rundzahlen</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><biblScope xml:lang="en">А. Каеgi. Die Neunzahl bei dan
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Ostiraniern</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/><biblScope xml:lang="en">51 ff.</biblScope></bibl>). The
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general noun for ‘nine’ was supposed to sound as <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*næw-</hi> in Ossetic, which
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indeed is found in Digor <hi rendition="#rend_italic">næw-dæs</hi> (Iron <hi rendition="#rend_italic">nū-dæs</hi>) ‘nineteen’ [see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_næwdæs"/>]. — See <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fal-"/> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ast"/>.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Шегрен"/><biblScope>155</biblScope></bibl>. —
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 159,
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III 156</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>34, 48</biblScope></bibl>. —
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>158</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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