273 lines
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22 KiB
XML
273 lines
No EOL
22 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">īsyn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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||
<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_īsyn" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d5240e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>īsyn</orth><form xml:id="form_d5240e68" type="participle"><orth>īst</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d5240e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>esun</orth><form xml:id="form_d5240e73" type="participle"><orth>ist</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5240e76"><sense xml:id="sense_d5240e77"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>брать</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to take</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5240e86"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>снимать</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to take off</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5240e95"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>отнимать</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to take away</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d5240e105">
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<re xml:id="re_d5240e107">
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<form xml:id="form_d5240e109" type="lemma"><orth>mast īsyn, tug īsyn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5240e112"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>мстить</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to take revenge</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d5240e123">
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<form xml:id="form_d5240e125" type="lemma"><orth>k’ūx īsyn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5240e128"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>пожимать руку</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to shake hands</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d5240e139">
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<form xml:id="form_d5240e141" type="lemma"><orth>xud īsyn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5240e144"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>снимать шапку</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to take a hat off</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d5240e155">
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<form xml:id="form_d5240e157" type="lemma"><orth>xūdaī-stæj</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5240e160"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>сняв шапку</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>having taken a hat off</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d5240e171">
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<form xml:id="form_d5240e173" type="lemma"><orth>ūd īsyn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5240e176"><sense xml:id="sense_d5240e177"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>быть при смерти</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>be at the point of death</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5240e186"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>агонизировать</q>
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</abv:tr><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ūd</hi>
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‘душа’)</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ūd</hi>
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‘soul’)</note><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>be in agony</q>
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</abv:tr><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ūd</hi>
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‘душа’)</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ūd</hi>
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‘soul’)</note></sense></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d5240e206">
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<form xml:id="form_d5240e208" type="lemma"><orth>x˳yz īsyn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5240e211"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>фотографировать(ся)</q>
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</abv:tr><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">x˳yz</hi> ‘вид’,
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‘образ’)</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">x˳yz</hi> ‘look’,
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‘appearance’)</note><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to photograph / to be photographed</q>
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</abv:tr><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">x˳yz</hi> ‘вид’,
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‘образ’)</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">x˳yz</hi> ‘look’,
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‘appearance’)</note></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d5240e230">
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<form xml:id="form_d5240e232" type="lemma"><orth>cʼarīst (xsyr, cyxt)</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5240e235"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>снятое (молоко, сыр)</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>skim (milk, cheese)</q>
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</abv:tr><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">с’аr</hi>
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‘сливки’)</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">c’ar</hi>
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‘cream’)</note></sense>
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</re>
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</re>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d5240e255">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5240e257">
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<quote>næ xæxtæ nyn bajstoj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>забрали наши горы</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>our mountains were taken</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>39</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5240e276">
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<quote>jæxī ajsta</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>он убрался</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>he cleared off</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5240e291">
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<quote>jæ ʒipmæ nyvnældta mæ ʒy sīsta īw syzǧærīn nywazæn</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>он запустил руку в карман и вынул оттуда один золотой кубок</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>he put his hand in his pocket and took out a golden goblet</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/><biblScope>29</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5240e310">
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<quote>Satana rajsta jæ ḱyzg x˳yr</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Шатана приняла свой девичий вид</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Satanaya turned into a girl</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/><biblScope>48</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5240e329" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>kæræʒej kʼoxtæ rajstoncæ</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>они пожали друг другу руки</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>they shook hands</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/><biblScope>9%l16</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5240e352" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>i bæx æj rajsta arvæj zænxi astæw, meǧi dungæ kud rajsa, oj
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xuzæn</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>конь понес его между небом и землей, как ветер уносит тучу</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the horse carried him between the sky and the earth, the same way as
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the wind blows a cloud</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/><biblScope>28%l10</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5240e374" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>neke in rajsʒæj æ raz</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>никто не возьмет у него переднего (места) (= „никто его не
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осилит“)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>no one will take the front (place) from him (= "no one will overpower
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him")</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Qazb."/><biblScope>65</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5240e396" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>tarst mærǧtæ rajstoncæ sæxe fæskʼumtæ, awwænttæ, mæskʼiti
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izol</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>испуганные птицы попрятались („убрались“) в закоулки, тенистые места,
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лощины подальше</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>frightened birds hid (“got out”) in the nooks, shady places, far off
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hollows</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Sam."/><biblScope>104</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Вс. Миллер (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller_IF_21"/><biblScope>21, стр. 328</biblScope></bibl>) возводит к иран. <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*ais-</hi> ‘владеть’; ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5240e558" xml:id="mentioned_d5240e426" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>aes-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5240e563" xml:id="mentioned_d5240e431" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>iš-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5240e568" xml:id="mentioned_d5240e436" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
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<w>aigan</w>
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<gloss><q>владеть</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр. Не исключена контаминация с
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другой основой <hi rendition="#rend_italic">yas-</hi>, широко представленной в
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восточноиранских языках: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5240e576" xml:id="mentioned_d5240e444" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>īs-, yīs-</w>
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<gloss><q>нести</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5240e585" xml:id="mentioned_d5240e453" xml:lang="mnj"><w/>
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<gloss><q>уносить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5240e591" xml:id="mentioned_d5240e459" xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>is-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5240e596" xml:id="mentioned_d5240e464" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>yās-, yos-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5240e601" xml:id="mentioned_d5240e469" xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
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<w>yas-</w>
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<gloss><q>уносить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5240e609" xml:id="mentioned_d5240e477" xml:lang="yah"><w>ni-yas-</w>
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<gloss><q>схватывать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5240e615" xml:id="mentioned_d5240e483" xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
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<w>yūs</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5240e621" xml:id="mentioned_d5240e489" xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
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<w>wūs</w>
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<gloss><q>уносить</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Зарубин._Мундж."/><biblScope>181</biblScope></bibl>. —
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Sköld._Pam."/><biblScope>309</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/><biblScope>II 192</biblScope></bibl>.
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— <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_NTS"/><biblScope>I 78</biblScope></bibl>),
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5240e645" xml:id="mentioned_d5240e513" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>*ās(’s)</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5240e651" xml:id="mentioned_d5240e519" xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
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<w>ās-</w>
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<gloss><q>брать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5240e659" xml:id="mentioned_d5240e527" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>yas-, yās-</w></mentioned> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ā-yās-</hi>
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‘доставать’ , <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ā-yasaeša</hi> „ты должен достать“),
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5240e664" xml:id="mentioned_d5240e532" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
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<w>yas-</w>
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<gloss><q>брать</q></gloss></mentioned> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">āyasata</hi> „он взял под свою власть“). Согдийское и хорезмийское <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ās-</hi> представляют, возможно, результат сращения
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преверба <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ā</hi> с глаголом <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*ā-yas</hi> → <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ās</hi>.
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Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fydīs"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mæcʼīs"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fædīs"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼæmīsæn"/>,
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230708T164550+0300" comment="слова нет в словаре!"?><mentioned xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>zældesæn</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Ws. Miller (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller_IF_21"/><biblScope>21, p. 328</biblScope></bibl>) derives it from Iranian
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<hi rendition="#rend_italic">*ais-</hi> ‘to own’; cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5240e426" xml:id="mentioned_d5240e558" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>aes-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5240e431" xml:id="mentioned_d5240e563" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>iš-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5240e436" xml:id="mentioned_d5240e568" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
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<w>aigan</w>
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<gloss><q>to own</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. The contamination with the
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other root <hi rendition="#rend_italic">yas-</hi>, which is widely attested in East Iranian languages, is not
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excluded: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5240e444" xml:id="mentioned_d5240e576" xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>īs-, yīs-</w>
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<gloss><q>to carry</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5240e453" xml:id="mentioned_d5240e585" xml:lang="mnj"><w/>
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<gloss><q>to take away</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5240e459" xml:id="mentioned_d5240e591" xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>is-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5240e464" xml:id="mentioned_d5240e596" xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>yās-, yos-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5240e469" xml:id="mentioned_d5240e601" xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
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<w>yas-</w>
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<gloss><q>to take away</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5240e477" xml:id="mentioned_d5240e609" xml:lang="yah"><w>ni-yas-</w>
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<gloss><q>to grasp</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5240e483" xml:id="mentioned_d5240e615" xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
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<w>yūs</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5240e489" xml:id="mentioned_d5240e621" xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
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<w>wūs</w>
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<gloss><q>to take away</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Зарубин._Мундж."/><biblScope>181</biblScope></bibl>. —
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Sköld._Pam."/><biblScope>309</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/><biblScope>II 192</biblScope></bibl>.
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— <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_NTS"/><biblScope>I 78</biblScope></bibl>),
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5240e513" xml:id="mentioned_d5240e645" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>*ās(’s)</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5240e519" xml:id="mentioned_d5240e651" xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
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<w>ās-</w>
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<gloss><q>to take</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5240e527" xml:id="mentioned_d5240e659" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>yas-, yās-</w></mentioned> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ā-yās-</hi> ‘to get’ , <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ā-yasaeša</hi> „you
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should get“), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5240e532" xml:id="mentioned_d5240e664" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
|
||
<w>yas-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>to take</q></gloss></mentioned> (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">āyasata</hi> „he took under his
|
||
control“). Sogdian and Khwarezmian <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ās-</hi> are probably the result of the fusion
|
||
of the preverb <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ā</hi> with the verb <hi rendition="#rend_italic">*ā-yas</hi> → <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ās</hi>. Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fydīs"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mæcʼīs"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fædīs"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼæmīsæn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zældesæn"/>.</etym>
|
||
</entry>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</text>
|
||
</TEI> |