103 lines
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9.5 KiB
XML
103 lines
No EOL
9.5 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ᵆrǧævæg</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_7rǧævæg" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<form xml:id="form_d4480e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>ᵆrǧævæg</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d4480e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ærǧævæg</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4480e72"><sense xml:id="sense_d4480e73"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>пряжка</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>buckle</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d4480e82"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>застежка</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>fastener</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4480e224" xml:id="mentioned_d4480e94" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">grabaka</w></mentioned> от <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4480e230" xml:id="mentioned_d4480e100" xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220413T205309+0300" comment="иран?"?><w>grab-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<gloss><q>хватать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>схватывать</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр.;
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отглагольное имя на <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4480e241" xml:id="mentioned_d4480e111" xml:lang="os"><m>-æg</m> (←<m>-a-ka</m>)</mentioned>
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(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ГО"/>
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<biblScope>§§ 110, 169<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">1</hi></biblScope></bibl>) от <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7rǧævyn"/>. Обычно такие образования обозначают действующее
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лицо; в данном случае — орудие. Ос. <oRef>ᵆrǧævæg</oRef> имеет идеальное, казалось бы,
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соответствие в <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4480e264" xml:id="mentioned_d4480e130" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>ɣrabay</w>, <w>ɣrəbay</w>
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<gloss><q>пряжка</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>застежка</q></gloss></mentioned>. Однако тут
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есть одна <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">аномалия</q>: в афганском, как в осетинском,
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ожидали бы между гласными <c>v</c>, а не <c>b</c> (см.:
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<bibl><author>Morgenstierne</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JA"/><biblScope>1961, стр. 244<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">34</hi></biblScope></bibl>). Безупречно с фонетической стороны другое афганское слово
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того же корня и образования, но с несколько иным значением: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4480e295" xml:id="mentioned_d4480e160" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>ɣrəvay</w>
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<gloss><q>ладонь</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Асланов"/>
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<biblScope>605</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4480e311" xml:id="mentioned_d4480e176" xml:lang="ps"><w>ɣrəvay</w></mentioned> и <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4480e314" xml:id="mentioned_d4480e179" xml:lang="ps"><w>ɣrəbay</w></mentioned>
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восходят оба к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4480e317" xml:id="mentioned_d4480e182" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">grabaka-</w></mentioned>, как и ос.
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<oRef>ᵆrǧævæg</oRef>, но фонетически дифференцировались в силу потребностей
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семантического различения. Родственные слова в германских языках дают пример такого же
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семантического развития: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4480e323" xml:id="mentioned_d4480e188" xml:lang="no"><lang/>
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<w>greb</w>
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<gloss><q>ручка</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>дужка</q></gloss></mentioned> — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4480e335" xml:id="mentioned_d4480e200" xml:lang="da"><lang/>
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<w>greb</w>
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<gloss><q>ладонь</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Falk-Torp"/>
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<biblScope>I 343</biblScope></bibl>). — См. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7rǧævyn"/>;
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ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arǧævnæ"><w>arǧævnæ</w>
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<gloss><q>клещи</q></gloss></ref>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Traces back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4480e94" xml:id="mentioned_d4480e224" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">grabaka</w></mentioned> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4480e100" xml:id="mentioned_d4480e230" xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220413T205309+0300" comment="иран?"?><w>grab-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<gloss><q>grab</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>grasp</q></gloss></mentioned> etc.; a deverbal
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noun formed with <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4480e111" xml:id="mentioned_d4480e241" xml:lang="os"><m>-æg</m> (←<m>-a-ka</m>)</mentioned>
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(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ГО"/>
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<biblScope>§§ 110, 169<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">1</hi></biblScope></bibl>) from
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_7rǧævyn"/>. Usually such forms are nomina agentis; in this
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case it means the
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<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220416T105430+0300" comment="или tool?"?>instrument<?oxy_comment_end ?>.
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Ossetic <oRef>ᵆrǧævæg</oRef> has an ideal, it would seem, correspondence in <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4480e130" xml:id="mentioned_d4480e264" xml:lang="ps"><lang xml:lang="ps"/>
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<w>ɣrabay</w>, <w>ɣrəbay</w>
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<gloss><q>buckle</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>fastener</q></gloss></mentioned>. However, there
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is one <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">anomaly</q> here: one would exprect <c>v</c>
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between vowels, not <c>b</c> in Pashto, as well as in Ossetic (see:
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<bibl><author>Morgenstierne</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JA"/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="en">1961, p. 244<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">34</hi></biblScope></bibl>). Another Pashto word of the same root and with the same
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derivation pattern is flawless from the phonetic point of view, but has a slightly
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different meaning: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4480e160" xml:id="mentioned_d4480e295" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>ɣrəvay</w>
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<gloss><q>palm</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Асланов"/>
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<biblScope>605</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>; both <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4480e176" xml:id="mentioned_d4480e311" xml:lang="ps"><w>ɣrəvay</w></mentioned> and <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4480e179" xml:id="mentioned_d4480e314" xml:lang="ps"><w>ɣrəbay</w></mentioned>
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trace back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4480e182" xml:id="mentioned_d4480e317" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">grabaka-</w></mentioned>, as well as
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Ossetic <oRef>ᵆrǧævæg</oRef>, but they are phonetically differentiated due to the needs of
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semantic distinction. Related words in the Germanic languages provide an example of the
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same semantic development: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4480e188" xml:id="mentioned_d4480e323" xml:lang="no"><lang/>
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<w>greb</w>
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<gloss><q>handle</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>shackle</q></gloss></mentioned> — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4480e200" xml:id="mentioned_d4480e335" xml:lang="da"><lang/>
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<w>greb</w>
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<gloss><q>palm</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Falk-Torp"/>
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<biblScope>I 343</biblScope></bibl>). — See <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7rǧævyn"/>;
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cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arǧævnæ"><w>arǧævnæ</w>
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<gloss><q>tongs</q></gloss></ref>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI> |