212 lines
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14 KiB
XML
212 lines
No EOL
14 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ᵆxson</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_7xson" xml:lang="os-x-iron" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d943e66" type="lemma"><orth>ᵆxson</orth><form type="variant"><orth>sxon</orth></form></form>
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d943e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>кремень</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>flint</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>огниво</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>steel</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>кресало</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>anvil</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ætdor" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>ætdor</w> id.</ref> Говорят также <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><w>ærcʼykk</w>
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<oRef>xson</oRef></phr>
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<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">ударяемый (при высекании огня)
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кремень</q></gloss></mentioned>, см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cʼykk"/>. Иногда
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кремень зовется просто <ref type="xr" target="#entry_art"><w>art</w>
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<gloss><q>огонь</q></gloss></ref> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нарт._сказ.">Нарт. сказ.</ref>
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<biblScope>156</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ætdor" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>ætdor</w> id.</ref> It is also used in <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><w>ærcʼykk</w>
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<oRef>xson</oRef></phr>
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<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">fire-struck flint</q></gloss></mentioned>, see
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_cʼykk"/>. Sometimes flint is simply called <ref type="xr" target="#entry_art"><w>art</w>
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<gloss><q>fire</q></gloss></ref> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нарт._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>156</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>Æxson</oRef> Wæjyg</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Кремневый Ваюг</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230609T211405+0300" comment="???"?>
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Flint Vayug</q><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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</tr>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (сказочное
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чудовище)</note>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (a fairytale
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monster)</note>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæ mojy myn <oRef>Æxson</oRef> Wæjyg
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amardta... īwyl ū æxsonæj aræzt</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">моего мужа убил Ахсон Ваюг... он весь сделан из
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кремня</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Ahson Vayug killed my husband... he is all made
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of flint</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 36</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>xsontæj</oRef> kond wæjyg...</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сделанный из кремней ваюг</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">vayug made of flint</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>III 59</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Nartæm ærcʼykk-<oRef>æxson</oRef> dær nal
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wydīs art šæmæj skænoj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у Нартов не было даже огнива, чтобы развести
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огонь</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the Narts did not even have a flint to make a
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fire</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>I 173</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kʼ˳ymty razyldī æmæ ʒy ‘ssardta
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<oRef>æxson</oRef> æmæ ʒnyx</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он пошарил (<q>покружил</q>) по углам и нашел
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огниво и трут</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he fumbled (<q>circled</q>) in the corners and
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found flint and tinder</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 143</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mænmæ ærcʼykk-<oRef>sxon</oRef> wyd kæmdær —
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art wal k˳y ʼskænikkam, wæd dæm k˳yd fækæsid?</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у меня где-то было огниво — если бы мы пока
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развели костер, как бы тебе это показалось?</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I had a tinder box somewhere — if we had lit a
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fire for now, how would it look to you?</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
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<biblScope>153</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Вероятно, восходит к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">xšāna-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
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<w>*kseno-</w></mentioned>, и представляет производное от <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w>*xša-</w></mentioned>,
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<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230331T235226+0300" comment="???"?><mentioned><lang>доиран.</lang>
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<w>*kša-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> (индоевропейская база <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">kes-</w>
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<gloss><q>тереть</q></gloss> → <gloss><q>добывать огонь трением,
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высеканием</q></gloss></mentioned>). — <quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Eine
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alte Wurzel <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">kes-</w></mentioned> bedeutet
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nicht einfach <gloss><q>kratzen, kämmen</q></gloss>, vielmehr hat sie (zusammen mit
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<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">ksā-</w></mentioned>) den Sinn:
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<gloss><q>Schlagen des Feuersteins zur Erzeugung des Feuers</q></gloss>, wie aus
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folgenden historischen Bedeutungen zu erschliessen ist:
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<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230331T235732+0300" comment="??"?><mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang>aind.</lang>
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<w>kṣā-ma-</w>
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<gloss><q>versengt</q></gloss>, <w>kṣāpayati</w>
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<gloss><q>macht brennen</q></gloss></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>...</q></quote>
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(<bibl><author>Knobloch</author>. <title>Paleontologia linguistica. Atti del VI
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Convegno Internazionale di Linguisti tenuto a Milano</title>.
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<pubPlace>Brescia</pubPlace>, <date>1977</date>, <biblScope>стр.
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31—32</biblScope></bibl>). Дальнейшие индоевропейские соответствия см.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
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<biblScope>585</biblScope></bibl>. — Неразъясненное <mentioned xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
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<w>kresati</w>
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<gloss><q>высекать огонь</q></gloss></mentioned>, может быть, из
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<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230331T235955+0300" comment="какой язык?"?><w type="rec">krebsati</w><?oxy_comment_end ?> (как <mentioned xml:lang="sla"><w>osa</w></mentioned> из
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<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230401T000039+0300" comment="?"?><w type="rec">obsa</w><?oxy_comment_end ?>) и родственно глаголу <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>скребу</w>, <w>скрести</w></mentioned>. Это была бы хорошая параллель к
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семантическому развитию: <gloss><q>тереть</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>скрести</q></gloss> —
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<gloss><q>высекать огонь</q></gloss>. — <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ætdor" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang>Д.</lang>
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<w>ætdor</w></ref> — из <ref type="xr" target="#entry_art"><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">ært</w></ref>-<ref type="xr" target="#entry_dūr"><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">dor</w></ref>
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<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">огонь-камень</q></gloss>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">It probably goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">xšāna-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
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<w>*kseno-</w></mentioned>, and represents the derivative of <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w>*xša-</w></mentioned>,
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<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230331T235226+0300" comment="???"?><mentioned><lang>доиран.</lang>
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<w>*kša-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> (Indo-European base <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">kes-</w>
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<gloss><q>rub</q></gloss> → <gloss><q>make fire by rubbing</q></gloss></mentioned>). —
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<quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Eine alte Wurzel <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">kes-</w></mentioned> bedeutet nicht einfach <gloss><q>kratzen,
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kämmen</q></gloss>, vielmehr hat sie (zusammen mit <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">ksā-</w></mentioned>) den Sinn: <gloss><q>Schlagen des Feuersteins zur
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Erzeugung des Feuers</q></gloss>, wie aus folgenden historischen Bedeutungen zu
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erschliessen ist:
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<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230331T235732+0300" comment="??"?><mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang>aind.</lang>
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<w>kṣā-ma-</w>
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<gloss><q>versengt</q></gloss>, <w>kṣāpayati</w>
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<gloss><q>macht brennen</q></gloss></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>...</q></quote>
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(<bibl><author>Knobloch</author>. <title>Paleontologia linguistica. Atti del VI
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Convegno Internazionale di Linguisti tenuto a Milano</title>.
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<pubPlace>Brescia</pubPlace>, <date>1977</date>, <biblScope>p.
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31—32</biblScope></bibl>). For further Indo-European correspondences, see: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
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<biblScope>585</biblScope></bibl>. — Unclear <mentioned xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
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<w>kresati</w>
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<gloss><q>strike a fire</q></gloss></mentioned>, probably goes from
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<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230331T235955+0300" comment="какой язык?"?><w type="rec">krebsati</w><?oxy_comment_end ?> (as <mentioned xml:lang="sla"><w>osa</w></mentioned> is from
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<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230401T000039+0300" comment="?"?><w type="rec">obsa</w><?oxy_comment_end ?>) and is related to the verb <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>skrebu</w>, <w>skresti</w></mentioned>. This would be a good parallel
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to semantic development: <gloss><q>rub</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>scratch</q></gloss> —
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<gloss><q>strike a fire</q></gloss>. — <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ætdor" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>ætdor</w></ref> — from <ref type="xr" target="#entry_art"><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">ært</w></ref>-<ref type="xr" target="#entry_dūr"><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">dor</w></ref>
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<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">fire-stone</q></gloss>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI> |