276 lines
No EOL
18 KiB
XML
276 lines
No EOL
18 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ᵆxsynyn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_7xsynyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d3255e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>ᵆxsynyn</orth><form type="participle"><orth>ᵆxsyd</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>æxsinun</orth><form type="participle"><orth>æxsid</orth></form></form>
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<sense n="1">
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3255e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>грызть</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>gnaw</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>глодать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>browse</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<sense n="2">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>чесать шерсть</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>comb wool</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_pīryn"/></note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_pīryn"/></note>
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<re xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<form type="lemma"><usg><lang/></usg>
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<orth>æxsinæn(tæ)</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">чесалка для шерсти</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">card</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_pīræn"/></note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_pīræn"/></note>
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</re>
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</sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" n="1">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Fsati <oRef>xsyny</oRef> aǧd</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Фсати (бог охоты) гложет ляжку (животного)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Fsati (god of hunting) gnaws on the thigh of an
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animal</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>65</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Batyraʒ jæ byltæ <oRef>axsydta</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Батрадз (в досаде) закусил губы</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Batyraʒ bit his lips in annoyance</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
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<biblScope>51</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æncad badynæj æstæg <oRef>æxsynyn</oRef>
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xvyzdær</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">чем сидеть праздно, лучше (хоть) глодать
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кость</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">instead of sitting idly, it is better to at
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least gnaw a bone</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru"><biblScope xml:lang="ru">пословица</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">пословица</biblScope></bibl>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en"><biblScope xml:lang="ru">пословица</biblScope></bibl>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/><biblScope>III 236</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ew iong isiston ma ‘j
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<oRef>baxsidton</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я достал одну часть (туши) и сгрыз ее</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I took out one part of the carcass and ate
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it</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 39</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">nartixwari qozgæ <oRef>ænxæst</oRef> æxsit
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(sic!)</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(sic!)</note> næma fæcæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">кукурузный початок еще не весь был обгрызав
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(лошадью)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the corncob has not yet been completely gnawed
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(by a horse)</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_SD"/>
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<biblScope>243<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">1</hi></biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ʒæxæradonæbæl kawæ bid næ jes, æma imæ fons
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cæwuncæ ma in æ kʼalewtæ baxsidtoncæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сад не огорожен плетнем, и туда заходит скот, и
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обгрызли его ветви</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the corncob has not yet been completely gnawed
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(by a horse)</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_SD"/>
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<biblScope>273<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">3</hi></biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" n="2">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Četwan... wærǧ˳yn æxsyny</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Четуан чешет шерсть</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Chetwan is carding wool</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
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<biblScope>1972 VII 40</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Æxsīnæ... sæddændagon æxsinæntæbæl... ǧun
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<oRef>æxsidta</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Ахсина на стозубой чесалке чесала шерсть</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Akhsina was combing wool on a hundred-tooth
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comb</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 66</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">zajgæ ku kæna osæ, wæd coribadæg
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<oRef>æxsinæntæ</oRef> ærbaxæssuj æma in æj æ niværzæn nikkænuj, cæmæj imæ sajtan ma
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‘ndewa; sajtan ba æfsæjnagæj qæbær tærsuj, buston dær ba
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<oRef>æxsinæntæj</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда женщина рожает, то сиделка (повитуха)
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приносит чесалку и ставит ей в изголовье, чтобы шайтан не смел к ней (подойти);
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шайтан очень боится железа, в особенности чесалки</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">when a woman gives birth, the nurse (midwife)
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brings a comb and puts it at the head so that the shaytan does not dare to approach
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her; Satan is very afraid of iron, especially combs</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>59</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">xšin-</w> : <w type="rec">xšita-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="iir"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">kšin-</w> : <w type="rec">kšita-</w>
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<gloss><q>портить</q>, <q>разрушать</q>, <q>сводить на нет</q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<oRef>xsynyn</oRef> относится к <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ixsyjyn"><w>ixsyjyn</w>
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<gloss><q>изнашиваться</q>, <q>истощаться</q>, <q>иссякать</q></gloss></ref> как актив к
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медиуму; <oRef>xsynyn</oRef> = <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>kṣiṇāti</w>
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<gloss><q>портит</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр., <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ixsyjyn"/>
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= <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>vi-kṣīyate</w>
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<gloss><q>сходит на нет</q>, <q>гибнет</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ср. такое же отношение:
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_skʼ0ynyn"><w>skʼ˳ynyn</w>
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<gloss><q>рвать</q></gloss></ref> — <ref type="xr" target="#entry_skʼ0ijyn"><w>skʼ˳yjyn</w>
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<gloss><q>рваться</q></gloss></ref>. Сюда же <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fexsujun" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>fexsujun</w>
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<gloss><q>изнашиваться</q></gloss></ref> и т. п. вместо <w>fexsijun</w>, как <ref type="xr" target="#entry_syjyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">sujun</w>
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<gloss><q>мерзнуть</q></gloss></ref> вместо <w>sijun</w> (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_syjyn"/>). На иранской почве ср. <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>*axši-</w> (<w>fyšy-</w>) <gloss><q>глодать</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Gershevitch</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
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<date>1955</date>
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<biblScope>XVII 481</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> и, может быть, <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>x̌itum</w>
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<gloss><q>заяц</q></gloss></mentioned> из
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<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230402T121743+0300" comment="какой язык?"?><w>*xšita-duma-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?>,
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<mentioned xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>æxsid</w>-<w>dum</w>
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<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">с обгрызенным хвостом</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>куцый</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._Shughni"/>
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<biblScope>103</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. С известной осторожностью
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можно отнести сюда же <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>xšān</w>
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<gloss><q>жвачка</q></gloss></mentioned>, если допустить <c>а-</c>умлаут. — См. еще <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ixsyjyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fexsujun" xml:lang="os-x-digor"/>.<lb/><bibl>Вс. <author>Миллер</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">ОЭ</ref>
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<biblScope>III 143</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
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<biblScope>62</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">xšin-</w> : <w type="rec">xšita-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="iir"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">kšin-</w> : <w type="rec">kšita-</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>spoil</q>, <q>destroy</q>, <q>nullify</q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<oRef>xsynyn</oRef> refers to <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ixsyjyn"><w>ixsyjyn</w>
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<gloss><q>fray</q>, <q>dwindle</q>, <q>dry up</q></gloss></ref> as an active voice to
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the middle one; <oRef>xsynyn</oRef> = <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>kṣiṇāti</w>
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<gloss><q>spoils</q></gloss></mentioned> etc., <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ixsyjyn"/>
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= <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>vi-kṣīyate</w>
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<gloss><q>fades away</q>, <q>perishes</q></gloss></mentioned>. Cf. the same relation:
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_skʼ0ynyn"><w>skʼ˳ynyn</w>
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<gloss><q>tear</q></gloss></ref> — <ref type="xr" target="#entry_skʼ0ijyn"><w>skʼ˳yjyn</w>
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<gloss><q>sever</q></gloss></ref>. Also here <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fexsujun" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>fexsujun</w>
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<gloss><q>frazzle</q></gloss></ref> etc. instead of <w>fexsijun</w>, as <ref type="xr" target="#entry_syjyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">sujun</w>
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<gloss><q>freeze</q></gloss></ref> instead of <w>sijun</w> (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_syjyn"/>). Cf. in the Iranian languages <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>*axši-</w> (<w>fyšy-</w>) <gloss><q>gnaw</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Gershevitch</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
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<date>1955</date>
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<biblScope>XVII 481</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> and may be <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
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<w>x̌itum</w>
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<gloss><q>hare</q></gloss></mentioned> from
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<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230402T121743+0300" comment="какой язык?"?><w>*xšita-duma-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?>,
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<mentioned xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>æxsid</w>-<w>dum</w>
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<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">with a gnawed tail</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>stubby</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._Shughni"/>
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<biblScope>103</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. With some caution, one can
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include here <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>xšān</w>
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<gloss><q>gum</q></gloss></mentioned>, if <c>а-</c>umlaut is allowed. — Cf. also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ixsyjyn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fexsujun" xml:lang="os-x-digor"/>.<lb/><bibl>Ws. <author>Miller</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">OE</ref>
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<biblScope>III 143</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
|
||
<biblScope>62</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
||
</entry>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</text>
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</TEI> |