196 lines
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14 KiB
XML
196 lines
No EOL
14 KiB
XML
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">aræxsyn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_aræxsyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20231227T195706+0300" comment="checked"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d296e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>aræxsyn</orth>
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<form xml:id="form_d296e68" type="participle"><orth>aræxst</orth></form></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<form xml:id="form_d296e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>aræxsun</orth>
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<form xml:id="form_d296e73" type="participle"><orth>aræxst</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d296e76">
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">(об орудиях и предметах) </note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">(of tools and objects) </note>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d296e77">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>подходить</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to match</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d296e94">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>соответствовать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to correspond</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">(о живых существах) </note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">(of living creatures) </note>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d296e103">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>справляться</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to cope</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d296e112">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>управляться (с делом)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to handle (some work)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d296e121">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>уметь</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to be able</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d296e130">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>быть умелым</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to be skilful</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d296e140">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d296e142">
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<quote>nīcæmæ <oRef>aræxsy</oRef></quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>ни к чему не имеет сноровки</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>has no skill in anything</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d296e157">
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<quote>Cæraj wyd… <oRef>aræxsǵyn</oRef> alcæmæ dær</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Царай был искусен (умел) во всем</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Tsæray was skilled (able) in everything</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
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<biblScope>129</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d296e176">
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<quote>fædīsontæj ḱī <oRef>fæcaræxst</oRef> axæmtæ dær wyd</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>из тех, кто прибежал на тревогу, нашлись такие, которые действовали
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умело (не растерялись)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>among those who came running at the sound of the alarm, there were
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those who acted skilfully (did not get confused)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
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<biblScope>183</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d296e195">
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<quote>xæsty xabartæ sæ særæj sæ kæronmæ <oRef>aræxsgæ</oRef> raʒyrdta
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Bjaslan</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>события войны сначала до конца умело рассказал Биаслан</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Biaslan masterfully told the events of the war from the beginning to
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the end</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>135</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d296e214" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>Dossanæ ræsuǧdi <oRef>aræxsgaj</oRef> bæxbæl isævardtoncæ</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>красавицу Доссану осторожно посадили на коня</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the beautiful Dossanæ was carefully put on a horse</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
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<biblScope>1940 III 57</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d296e237">
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<quote>ærcynʒæj, xæskardæj <oRef>xærzaræxst</oRef> ḱyzgaw</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>иглой, ножницами (я владел) искусно, как девушка</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>(I mastered) the needle, the scissors as skilfully as a girl</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>57</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Старое сращение преверба <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>a-</m></mentioned> c основой <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>rag</w></mentioned>, осложненной инхоативным <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><m>s</m></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>rag</w></mentioned>
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+ <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><m>s</m></mentioned> → <w>ræxs</w>); сюда, возможно,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d296e304" xml:id="mentioned_d296e259" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">ārāxs-</w> (<w>ʼʼrʼɣs-</w>)</mentioned>, значение которого
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неясно (<gloss><q>обращаться за поддержкой</q></gloss>? См.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._TSP"/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="ru">202 сл.</biblScope></bibl>). Другая закономерная
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разновидность того же корня, <w>raz-</w>, налична в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arazyn"><w>arazyn</w>
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<gloss><q>делать</q></gloss></ref> (см.); в <oRef/> сохранена медиальная
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семантика общеиндоиранской основы <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">rag-</w> (<w type="rec">raz-</w>): <gloss><q>быть в
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порядке</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>соответствовать</q></gloss></mentioned>; ср.
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_aræzyn"><w>aræzyn</w>
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<gloss><q>делаться</q></gloss></ref> (тоже медиально). По образованию
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<oRef/> относится к <ref type="xr" target="#entry_aræzyn"/>, как <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æmbæxsyn"/> (← <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">æmbærxs-</w></mentioned>) к <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æmbærzyn"/>.
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В югоосетинских говорах этот глагол употребляется и без преверба <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>a-</m></mentioned>: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d296e325" xml:id="mentioned_d296e280" xml:lang="os-x-south"><phr>ne ’ræxsy</phr>
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<gloss><q>не подходит</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>не идет на лад</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>не соответствует</q></gloss></mentioned>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">An old fusion of the preverb <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>a-</m></mentioned> with the stem <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>rag</w></mentioned>, with the addition of the inchoative <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><m>s</m></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>rag</w></mentioned> + <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><m>s</m></mentioned> →
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<w>ræxs</w>); possibly also related to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d296e304" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">ārāxs-</w> (<w>ʼʼrʼɣs-</w>)</mentioned>, whose meaning is not
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clear (<gloss><q>ask for support</q></gloss>? See: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._TSP"/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="en">202 ff.</biblScope></bibl>). Another regular
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variety of the same root, <w>raz-</w>, is found in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arazyn"><w>arazyn</w>
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<gloss><q>make</q></gloss></ref> (see); <oRef/> preserves the medial
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semantics of the common Indo-Iranian stem <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">rag-</w> (<w type="rec">raz-</w>): <gloss><q>to be
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arranged</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>to
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correspond</q></gloss></mentioned>; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_aræzyn"><w>aræzyn</w>
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<gloss><q>be made, produced</q></gloss></ref> (also with medial semantics).
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By derivation, <oRef/> corresponds to <ref type="xr" target="#entry_aræzyn"/>
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like <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æmbæxsyn"/> (← <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">æmbærxs-</w></mentioned>), to <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æmbærzyn"/>. In South Ossetic dialects, this verb is used
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without the preverb <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>a-</m></mentioned>: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d296e325" xml:lang="os-x-south"><phr>ne ’ræxsy</phr>
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<gloss><q>does not match</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>does not go as
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planned</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>does not
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correspond</q></gloss></mentioned></etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI> |