310 lines
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24 KiB
XML
310 lines
No EOL
24 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">arv</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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||
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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||
<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_arv" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="complete">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240110T181320+0300" comment="checked"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d1615e66" type="lemma"><orth>arv</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1615e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>небо</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>sky</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d1615e79">
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">очень часто говорят </note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">very often used in the form </note>
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<form xml:id="form_d1615e87" type="lemma"><orth>wælarv</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1615e90">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>верхнее небо</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>upper sky</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d1615e101">
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">производные и сложные с <oRef>arv</oRef>: </note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">derivatives and compounds with
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<oRef>arv</oRef>: </note>
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<re xml:id="re_d1615e109">
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<form xml:id="form_d1615e111" type="lemma"><orth>ærvon</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1615e114">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>небесный</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>celestial</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d1615e125">
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<form xml:id="form_d1615e127" type="lemma"><orth>arvnæryn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1615e130">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>гром</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>thunder</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d1615e141">
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<form xml:id="form_d1615e143" type="lemma"><orth>arvyrttyvd</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1615e146">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>молния</q>
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<note type="comment"> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">блеск неба</q></gloss>)</note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> (“shine of the sky”)</note>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>lightning</q>
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<note type="comment"> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">glitter of the sky</q></gloss>)</note>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d1615e166">
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<form xml:id="form_d1615e168" type="lemma"><orth>arvyrdyn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1615e171">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>радуга</q>
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<note type="comment"> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">небесный лук</q></gloss>)</note>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>rainbow</q>
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<note type="comment"> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">celestial bow</q></gloss>)</note>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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</re>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d1615e183">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1615e185">
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<quote><oRef>arvy</oRef> K˳yrdalægonmæ jæ ysxæccæ kæ</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>сведи его (коня) к небесному (кузнецу) Курдалагону</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>take it (the horse) to the celestial (blacksmith) Kyrdalagon</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>70</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1615e204">
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<quote>nal wynys <oRef>arvy</oRef> cʼæx, nal wynys zæxxy saw</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>ты не видишь больше синевы неба, не видишь больше черноты земли</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>you do not see the blue of the sky anymore, you do not see the black
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of the earth anymore</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Æfx._Xæs."/>
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<biblScope>99</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1615e223">
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<quote><oRef>arv</oRef> īw k˳y ferttyvta, wæd īw Tuǧany awydta</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>каждый раз, когда сверкало небо (т. е. молния), он видел Тугана</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>every time the sky (i.e. lightning) flashed, he saw Tughan</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>99</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1615e242" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote><oRef>arv</oRef> næ niccavta</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>нас поразило громом (буквально „небо нас поразило“)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>we were struck with thunder (literally <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">the sky hit us</q>)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>2</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1615e264" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>i bæx æj rajsta <oRef>arvæj</oRef> zænxi astæw</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>конь понес его между небом и землей</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the horse carried him between heaven and earth</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
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<biblScope>28<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">10</hi></biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d1615e287">
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<quote>mænæj zændǵyndær <oRef>arvy</oRef> byn næj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>умнее меня нет под небом</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>there is no one smarter than me under the sky</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
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<biblScope>102</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<re xml:id="re_d1615e308">
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<form xml:id="form_d1615e310" type="lemma"><orth>arvy ron</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1615e313">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>радуга</q>
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<note type="comment"> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">пояс
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неба</q></gloss>)</note>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>rainbow</q>
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<note type="comment"> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">belt of
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the sky</q></gloss>)</note>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>III 125</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
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</re>
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<etym xml:lang="ru"><oRef/> — закономерная перестановка из <w type="rec">avr</w> и
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восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e501" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e333" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w>*abra-</w>
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<gloss><q>облако</q></gloss></mentioned>; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xūr"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mæj"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_stʼaly"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zæxx"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mīǧ"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_waryn_2"/>,
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_wad"/>; однако в других иранских (и
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индоевропейских) языках слово <oRef/> имеет соответствия со значением не
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<gloss><q>небо</q></gloss>, а <gloss><q>облако</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>туча</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>влага</q></gloss>:
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<mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e511" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e343" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
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<w>awr</w>, <w>aur</w>, <w>haur</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e516" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e348" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>ōrə</w>, <w>owrai</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>облако</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e524" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e356" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
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<w>haur</w>
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<gloss><q>дождь</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e533" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e365" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>abr</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa-x-dial"><w>awr</w>
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<note type="comment">(последнее в диалектах)</note></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e538" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e370" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>awr</w> (<w>aβr</w>)</mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e543" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e375" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>py-aura</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>облако</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e551" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e383" xml:lang="kho"><w>ora</w>
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<gloss><q>Luftraum</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e557" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e389" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>awra-</w>
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<gloss><q>облако</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>дождь</q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e572" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e404" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>abhrá-</w>
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<gloss>id.</gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e577" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e409" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>ἀφρός</w>
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<gloss><q>пена</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e585" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e417" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>amp</w>, <w>amb</w>
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<gloss><q>облако</q></gloss></mentioned>. Колебание значений
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<gloss><q>небо</q></gloss> и <gloss><q>облако</q></gloss> находим и в
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других языках, ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e593" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e425" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>небо</w></mentioned> при <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e601" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e430" xml:lang="inc-x-old-vaidika"><lang/>
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<w>nabhas-</w>
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<gloss><q>облако</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>туман</q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e616" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e445" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>νέφος</w>
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<gloss><q>облако</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>туман</q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e630" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e459" xml:lang="en"><lang/>
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<w>sky</w>
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<gloss><q>небо</q></gloss>, <gloss>первоначально
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<q>облако</q></gloss></mentioned>. О перемещении значения
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<gloss><q>облако</q></gloss> → <gloss><q>небо</q></gloss> в связи с
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климатическими условиями см.: <bibl>W. <author>Brandenstein</author>.
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<title>Bemerkungen zum Sinnbezirk des Klimas.
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240110T161916+0300" comment="edited volume or part of title?"?>Studien
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zur indogermanischen Grundsprache<?oxy_comment_end ?></title>,
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<date>1952</date>, <biblScope xml:lang="ru">стр.
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24—25</biblScope></bibl>. Общеиранское слово для <gloss><q>неба</q></gloss>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e643" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e472" xml:lang="ira"><w>āsmān-</w></mentioned>, сохранилось, быть может, в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_az" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">az</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">anz</w>
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<gloss><q>год</q></gloss></ref> (см.). С <oRef/> связывают <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævraǧ"><w>ævraǧ</w>
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<gloss><q>облако</q></gloss></ref> (см.).<lb/><bibl>Вс.
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<author>Миллер</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>II 50</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
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<biblScope>14</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
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<biblScope>23</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>18, 152, 199</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en"><oRef/> is a regular methatesis of <w type="rec">avr</w> and
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goes back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e333" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e501" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">abra-</w>
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<gloss><q>cloud</q></gloss></mentioned>; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xūr"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mæj"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_stʼaly"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zæxx"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mīǧ"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_waryn_2"/>,
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_wad"/>; however, in other Iranian (and
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Indo-European) languages, the word <oRef/> corresponds not to the meaning
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<gloss><q>sky</q></gloss> but to <gloss><q>cloud</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>moisture</q></gloss>: <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e343" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e511" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
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<w>awr</w>, <w>aur</w>, <w>haur</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e348" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e516" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>ōrə, owrai</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>cloud</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e356" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e524" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
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<w>haur</w>
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<gloss><q>rain</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e365" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e533" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>abr</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><w>awr</w>
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<note type="comment">(the latter attested in
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dialects)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e370" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e538" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>awr</w> (<w>aβr</w>)</mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e375" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e543" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>py-aura</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>cloud</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e383" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e551" xml:lang="kho"><w>ora</w>
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<gloss><q>Luftraum</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e389" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e557" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>awra-</w>
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<gloss><q>cloud</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e397" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e565" xml:lang="ae"><w/>
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<gloss><q>rain</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e404" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e572" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>abhrá-</w></mentioned> id., <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e409" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e577" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>ἀφρός</w>
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<gloss><q>foam</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e417" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e585" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>amp,</w>
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<w>amb</w>
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<gloss><q>cloud</q></gloss></mentioned>. The fluctuation of the meanings
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<gloss><q>sky</q></gloss> and <gloss><q>cloud</q></gloss> is also found
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in other languages, cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e425" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e593" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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||
<w>nebo</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>sky</q></gloss></mentioned> alongside <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e430" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e601" xml:lang="inc-x-old-vaidika"><lang/>
|
||
<w>nabhas-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>cloud</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>fog</q></gloss></mentioned>,
|
||
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e445" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e616" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
||
<w>νέφος</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>cloud</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>fog</q></gloss></mentioned>,
|
||
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e459" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e630" xml:lang="en"><lang/>
|
||
<w>sky</w>, <gloss>initially <q>cloud</q></gloss></mentioned>. On the
|
||
semantic shift <gloss><q>cloud</q></gloss> → <gloss><q>sky</q></gloss> due to
|
||
climatic conditions, see: <bibl>W. <author>Brandenstein</author>
|
||
<title>Bemerkungen zum Sinnbezirk des Klimas.
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240110T161916+0300" comment="edited volume or part of title?"?>Studien
|
||
zur indogermanischen Grundsprache<?oxy_comment_end ?></title>,
|
||
<date>1952</date>, <biblScope xml:lang="en">pp.
|
||
24—25</biblScope></bibl>. The common Iranian word for <gloss><q>sky</q></gloss>,
|
||
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1615e472" xml:id="mentioned_d1615e643" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
|
||
<w>āsmān-</w></mentioned>, was probably preserved in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_az"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">az</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">anz</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>year</q></gloss></ref> (see). The word <oRef/> has also been
|
||
compared to <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævraǧ"><w>ævraǧ</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>cloud</q></gloss></ref> (see).<lb/><bibl>Ws.
|
||
<author>Miller</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">OÈ</ref>
|
||
<biblScope>II 50</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
|
||
<biblScope>14</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
|
||
<biblScope>23</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
|
||
<biblScope>18, 152, 199</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
||
</entry>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</text>
|
||
</TEI> |