197 lines
No EOL
14 KiB
XML
197 lines
No EOL
14 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
|
||
<teiHeader>
|
||
<fileDesc>
|
||
<titleStmt>
|
||
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">pajda</hi></title>
|
||
</titleStmt>
|
||
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml">
|
||
<p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
|
||
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p>
|
||
</publicationStmt>
|
||
<sourceDesc>
|
||
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
|
||
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
|
||
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
|
||
</sourceDesc>
|
||
</fileDesc>
|
||
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
|
||
<tagsDecl>
|
||
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
|
||
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
|
||
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
|
||
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
|
||
</tagsDecl>
|
||
</encodingDesc>
|
||
</teiHeader>
|
||
<text>
|
||
<body>
|
||
<entry xml:id="entry_pajda" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
|
||
<form xml:id="form_d1379e68" type="lemma"><orth>pajda</orth></form>
|
||
<sense xml:id="sense_d1379e71"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>польза</q>
|
||
</abv:tr><sense xml:id="sense_d1379e76"><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>benefit</q>
|
||
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1379e81"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>выгода</q>
|
||
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>profit</q>
|
||
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1379e90"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>барыш</q>
|
||
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>gain</q>
|
||
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1379e99"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>проценты</q>
|
||
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>percentage</q>
|
||
</abv:tr></sense><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; близко по значению <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æftiag"/></note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; its meaning is
|
||
close to <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æftiag"/></note></sense>
|
||
<re xml:id="re_d1379e115">
|
||
<form xml:id="form_d1379e117" type="lemma"><orth>pajda kænyn</orth></form>
|
||
<sense xml:id="sense_d1379e120"><sense xml:id="sense_d1379e121"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>извлекать выгоду, пользу</q>
|
||
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>take advantage</q>
|
||
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1379e130"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>давать барыш</q>
|
||
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>give a profit</q>
|
||
</abv:tr></sense></sense>
|
||
</re>
|
||
<re xml:id="re_d1379e141">
|
||
<form xml:id="form_d1379e143" type="lemma"><orth>pajdagyn</orth></form>
|
||
<sense xml:id="sense_d1379e146"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">выгодный</q>
|
||
</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">beneficial</q>
|
||
</tr></sense>
|
||
</re>
|
||
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d1379e159">
|
||
<example xml:id="example_d1379e161">
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">henyr wyn mænæj pajda nal īs</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">теперь вам от меня нет больше пользы</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I’m no longer of any use to you now</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
|
||
<biblScope>23</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example xml:id="example_d1379e184">
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æz am amælʒynæn æmæ bambiʒynæn, ūmæj cy pajda
|
||
īs mælikkæn?</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">какая выгода князю, если я умру и сгнию
|
||
здесь?</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">What is the benefit to the prince if I die and
|
||
rot here?</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
|
||
<biblScope>25</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example xml:id="example_d1379e207">
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cy pajda ū adæjmagæn, ægas dune jæxī k˳y
|
||
bakæna, fælæ jæ adæn k˳y bazian kæna?</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">какая польза человеку, если он приобретет весь
|
||
мир, а душе своей повредит?</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">For what is a man profited, if he shall gain
|
||
the whole world, and lose his own soul?</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Матфей"/>
|
||
<biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">16</hi> 26</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example xml:id="example_d1379e233">
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">pajda æmæ zian — ævsymærtæ</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">барыш и убыток — братья</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">profit and loss are brothers</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">поговорка</note><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">proverb</note></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example xml:id="example_d1379e257">
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">… aly bon tuman pajda k˳yd kænoj…</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">…чтобы каждый день давали один туман
|
||
процентов…</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">…to give a huge amount of percents every
|
||
day…</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
|
||
<biblScope>61</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example xml:id="example_d1379e281" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
||
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">…næ es tuxʒurdæj pajda</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">нет пользы препираться (спорить)</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">there’s no point in arguing</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
|
||
<biblScope>96</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
</exampleGrp>
|
||
<etym xml:lang="ru">Из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e430" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e311" xml:lang="ar" extralang="fa"><lang/>
|
||
<w>fāida</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>польза</q>, <q>барыш</q></gloss></mentioned>. Заимствовано через посредство
|
||
одного из севернотюркских языков, которым чужда фонема <c>f</c>: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e442" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e323" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
|
||
<w>paida</w>
|
||
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
|
||
<biblScope>IV 1123</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Как и другие слова с
|
||
начальным <c>p</c>, вошло в осетинский в тот относительно поздний период, когда в этом
|
||
языке утратил силу закон перехода <c>p</c> в <c>f</c>; см. об этом под словом <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fændyr"/>. — Усвоено во многие языки: иранские — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e464" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e345" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
|
||
<w>paida</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e469" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e350" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
|
||
<w>paydā</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e474" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e355" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
|
||
<w>fāida</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e479" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e360" xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
|
||
<w type="rec">fāidak</w> (<w>fʽydk</w>)</mentioned>; кавказские — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e489" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e370" xml:lang="av"><lang/>
|
||
<m>pajda</m></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e494" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e375" xml:lang="lbe"><lang/>
|
||
<w>pajda</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e499" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e380" xml:lang="ani"><lang/>
|
||
<w>pajda</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e504" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e385" xml:lang="ce"><lang/>. <w>pajda</w></mentioned>,
|
||
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e509" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e390" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
|
||
<w>fajdä</w></mentioned> и др.; славянские — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e514" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e395" xml:lang="bg"><lang/>
|
||
<w>фaйдa</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e520" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e401" xml:lang="sr" extralang="hr"><lang/>
|
||
<w>fajda.</w></mentioned>
|
||
<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">Вс. <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Миллер</hi>. ОЭ</ref>
|
||
<biblScope>II 84</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
|
||
<biblScope>9</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
|
||
<biblScope>129</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
||
<etym xml:lang="en">From <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e311" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e430" xml:lang="ar" extralang="fa"><lang/>
|
||
<w>fāida</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>benefit</q>, <q>gain</q></gloss></mentioned>. It was borrowed from one of
|
||
North-Turkic languages which did not have a phoneme <c>f</c>: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e323" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e442" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
|
||
<w>paida</w>
|
||
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
|
||
<biblScope>IV 1123</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. As other words with an
|
||
initial <c>p</c>, it entered Ossetic at a relatively late period when the law of
|
||
transition <c>p</c> to <c>f</c> lost its force in this language; see more information
|
||
under the word <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fændyr"/>. — It was learned by many
|
||
languages: Iranian — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e345" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e464" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
|
||
<w>paida</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e350" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e469" xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
|
||
<w>paydā</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e355" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e474" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
|
||
<w>fāida</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e360" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e479" xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
|
||
<w type="rec">fāidak</w> (<w>fʽydk</w>)</mentioned>; Caucasian — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e370" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e489" xml:lang="av"><lang/>
|
||
<m>pajda</m></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e375" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e494" xml:lang="lbe"><lang/>
|
||
<w>pajda</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e380" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e499" xml:lang="ani"><lang/>
|
||
<w>pajda</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e385" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e504" xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
|
||
<w>pajda</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e390" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e509" xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
|
||
<w>fajdä</w></mentioned> etc.; Slavic — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e395" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e514" xml:lang="bg"><lang/>
|
||
<w>fajda</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1379e401" xml:id="mentioned_d1379e520" xml:lang="sr" extralang="hr"><lang/>
|
||
<w>fajda.</w></mentioned>
|
||
<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
|
||
<biblScope>II 84</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
|
||
<biblScope>9</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
|
||
<biblScope>129</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
||
</entry>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</text>
|
||
</TEI> |