abaev-xml/entries/abaev_rædyjyn.xml
2025-03-21 13:42:40 +03:00

253 lines
No EOL
17 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">rædyjyn</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml">
<p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. AKʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">????</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "" "";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
</tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_rædyjyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
<form xml:id="form_d2052e68" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>rædyjyn</orth><form xml:id="form_d2052e70" type="participle"><orth>rædyd</orth></form></form>
<form xml:id="form_d2052e73" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>rædujun</orth><form xml:id="form_d2052e75" type="participle"><orth>rædud</orth></form></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d2052e78"><sense xml:id="sense_d2052e79"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>ошибаться</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>make mistakes</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2052e88"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>допускать неподобающий поступок</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>misbehave</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2052e97"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>грешить</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>sin</q>
</abv:tr><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (например, о незаконной связи)</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (e.g., about an illegal affair)</note></sense></sense>
<re xml:id="re_d2052e111">
<form xml:id="form_d2052e113" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>rædyd</orth></form>
<form xml:id="form_d2052e116" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>rædud</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d2052e119"><sense xml:id="sense_d2052e120"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ошибка</q>
</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mistake</q>
</tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d2052e131"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>проступок</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>misdemeanour</q>
</abv:tr></sense></sense>
</re>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d2052e142">
<example xml:id="example_d2052e144">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>rædyjūt</oRef> wæ dywwæ dær</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вы оба ошибаетесь</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">you are both wrong</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
<biblScope>12</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d2052e168">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>rædyjūt</oRef>, īskæj amondǵyn k˳y
xonūt wæd</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ошибаетесь, когда называете кого-нибудь
счастливым</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">you are mistaken when you call someone
happy</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
<biblScope>78</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d2052e192">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ma <oRef>rædyjūt</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">не допускайте ошибки</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">do not make a mistake</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
<biblScope>100</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d2052e216">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wazæg <oRef>rædyjy</oRef>, fælæ cæmæn
<oRef>rædyjūt</oRef> smax?</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">гость ведет себя неподобающим образом, но
почему вы ведете себя так же?</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the guest is behaving inappropriately, but why
are you behaving the same way?</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
<biblScope>103</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d2052e243">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">læppūjæ <oRef>rædyjag</oRef> næ væjjy
ævzær</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">кто ошибается в молодости, не бывает плохим (в
зрелом возрасте)</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">who makes mistakes in youth is never bad (in
adulthood)</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
<biblScope>14</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d2052e269">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dæ ʒyxy ʒyrd ænæ <oRef>rædyd</oRef> nyccævy
zærdæjy kæron</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">слово твоих уст без ошибки поражает кончик
сердца</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the word of your mouth strikes the tip of the
heart without error</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
<biblScope>112</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d2052e294">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">aj ta æmgary xæʒarmæ q˳yzag wydī aly
ænafony… hemæ <oRef>færædydī</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">а этот частенько пробирался в дом друга в
неурочное время… и согрешил (с его женой)</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">and this one often sneaked into a friends
house at odd hours… and sinned with his wife</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
<biblScope>76</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d2052e318">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ḱynʒ jæ tīwmæ <oRef>færædydī</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">невестка согрешила со своим деверем</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a daughter-in-law sinned with her
brother-in-law</q>
</tr>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d2052e337" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sæddun mæ fudbæl; balædærdtæn mæ
<oRef>rædudditæ</oRef>; eskæd ma ku <oRef>færrædujon</oRef>, margæ dær mæ
rakæntæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я признаюсь в своем дурном поступке; я понял
мои ошибки; если я когда-нибудь еще ошибусь, то можете хоть убить меня</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I confess my wrong deed; I understood my
mistakes; if i ever make a mistake, you can even kill me</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
<biblScope>1950 VII 41</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d2052e367" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">nadbæl ænaxuræj ku
<oRef>færrædujon</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">как бы я по незнанию не ошибся дорогой…</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I can unknowingly choose the wrong
path<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220225T182441+0300" comment="вообще хз как перевести…"?><?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
<biblScope>17</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d2052e398" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>rædudi</oRef> ko, de ʽcægi
zaræ!</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда ты ошибаешься — плачь, когда ты права —
пой!</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">when you are wrong, cry; when you are right,
sing!</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
<biblScope>83</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2052e530" xml:id="mentioned_d2052e430" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
<m type="rec">fra-du-</m></mentioned> и содержит тот же корень, что <ref type="xr" target="#entry_idujun" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
<w>idujun</w>
<gloss><q>иссякать</q></gloss></ref> из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2052e544" xml:id="mentioned_d2052e444" xml:lang="ira"><m type="rec">vi-du-</m></mentioned>. Ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2052e548" xml:id="mentioned_d2052e448" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<m>doṣa-</m>
<gloss><q>ошибка</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>проступок</q></gloss>,
<gloss><q>недостаток</q></gloss></mentioned>. Может быть, также <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2052e562" xml:id="mentioned_d2052e462" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<m>duṣ-</m>, <w>duṣyati</w>
<gloss><q>быть ошибочным, порочным</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>впадать в ошибку,
грех</q></gloss>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(например о женщине, ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rædyjyn" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
<w>rædyjyn</w></ref> в этом же значении)</note>, <w>pra-duṣyati</w>
<gloss>id.</gloss></mentioned> О дальнейших связях, а также о соотношении значений
<q>ошибаться</q> и <q>недоставать</q>, <q>иссякать</q> см. под <ref type="xr" target="#entry_idujun" xml:lang="os-x-digor"/>. — <bibl><author>Benveniste</author>
(<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._Etudes">Etudes</ref>
<biblScope>87</biblScope>)</bibl> возводит <oRef>rædyjyn</oRef> к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2052e609" xml:id="mentioned_d2052e509" xml:lang="ira"><m type="rec">fra-dīya-</m></mentioned> и предположительно сближает с
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2052e617" xml:id="mentioned_d2052e513" xml:lang="sa-vaidika"><lang/>
<w>dīyate</w>
<gloss><q>лететь</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ни огласовка, ни семантика не поддерживают
такой этимологии.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
<biblScope>540</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">Traces back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2052e430" xml:id="mentioned_d2052e530" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
<m type="rec">fra-du-</m></mentioned> and contains the same stem as <ref type="xr" target="#entry_idujun" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
<w>idujun</w>
<gloss><q>dry up</q></gloss></ref> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2052e444" xml:id="mentioned_d2052e544" xml:lang="ira"><m type="rec">vi-du-</m></mentioned>. Cf.
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2052e448" xml:id="mentioned_d2052e548" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<m>doṣa-</m>
<gloss><q>mistake</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>misdemeanour</q></gloss>,
<gloss><q>flaw</q></gloss></mentioned>. Maybe related is <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2052e462" xml:id="mentioned_d2052e562" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<m>duṣ-</m>, <w>duṣyati</w>
<gloss><q>be wrong, vicious</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>fall into error or sin</q></gloss>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(e.g., about a woman, cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rædyjyn" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
<w>rædyjyn</w></ref> in the same meaning)</note>, <w>pra-duṣyati</w>
<gloss>id.</gloss></mentioned> See further connections, as well as the correlation of
meanings <q>be mistaken</q> and <q>lack</q>, <q>dry out</q>, under <ref type="xr" target="#entry_idujun" xml:lang="os-x-digor"/>. — <bibl><author>Benveniste</author>
(<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._Etudes">Etudes</ref>
<biblScope>87</biblScope>)</bibl> traces <oRef>rædyjyn</oRef> back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2052e509" xml:id="mentioned_d2052e609" xml:lang="ira"><m type="rec">fra-dīya-</m></mentioned> and presumably
<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220225T183007+0300" comment="?"?>brings it
close<?oxy_comment_end ?> to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2052e513" xml:id="mentioned_d2052e617" xml:lang="sa-vaidika"><lang/>
<w>dīyate</w>
<gloss><q>fly</q></gloss></mentioned>. Neither vowel
<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220225T183038+0300" comment="?"?>composition<?oxy_comment_end ?>
nor semantics support such an etymology.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
<biblScope>540</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>