abaev-xml/entries/abaev_særd.xml
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">særd</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. AKʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">????</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
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<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "" "";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_særd" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
<form xml:id="form_d873e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>særd</orth></form>
<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>særdæ</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d873e69">
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>лето</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>summer (n.)</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>летом</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>in summer</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
</sense>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_særdygon"><w>særdygon</w>
| <w>særdigon</w></ref>
<gloss><q>летний</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>летом</q></gloss></note>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_særdygon"><w>særdygon</w>
| <w>særdigon</w></ref>
<gloss><q>summer (adj.)</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>in summer</q></gloss></note>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>særdæj</oRef>, zymægæj... nyxasy bady
zærond Q˳ybady</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">летом и зимой сидит на <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyxas"><emph>нихасе</emph></ref> старик Кубади</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">in summer and winter the old man Kwybady sits
on the <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyxas"><emph>nykhas</emph></ref></q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
<biblScope>47</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">zymæg xūr kædæm næ fækæsy, <oRef>særd</oRef>
mæjrūxs, īw axæm naræg komy cardī læg æmæ ūs</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">куда зимой не заглядывает солнце, а летом
лунный свет, в одном таком тесном ущелье жили муж и жена</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">where sunlight in winter and moonlight in
summer don't enter, in such a narrow gorge lived man and wife</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
<biblScope>75</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>særd</oRef> aīvǧ˳ydta; zymæg
ærcyd</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">лето миновало; наступила зима</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">summer has passed; winter has come</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
<biblScope>97</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">særdæ</oRef>
æntæf</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">наше лето жаркое</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">our summer is hot</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_AK"/>
<biblScope>I 68</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ew <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">særdæ</oRef>
eci xonxi cori rafecawæn kodta ew sirdmar</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в одно лето мимо той горы проходил один
охотник</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">in one summer a hunter was walking past that
mountain</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
<biblScope>I 94</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">aci xwærdæ ma niwæztæ dæ razi atemæj istæntæ
... <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">særdæ</oRef> din simær ma kænæntæ, zumæg ba sælgæ ma
kænæntæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пусть эти пища и напиток вот так стоят перед
тобой (в царстве мертвых); пусть летом они у тебя не тухнут, а зимой не мерзнут</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">let these food and drink stand like that in
front of you (in the Land of the Dead); let they don't get rotten in summer and
don't freeze in winter</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">из
посвящения покойнику; </note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">from the dedication
to a deceased; </note><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
<biblScope>II 169</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>særdygon</oRef> kʼævda bælæstæn sæ
rygtæ nyxsadta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">летний дождь обмыл пыль с деревьев</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">summer rain washed away dust from trees</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Хар._Уац."/>
<biblScope>92</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wydīs <oRef>særdygon</oRef> rajʒast
rajsom</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">было летнее ясное утро</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">it was a clear summer morning</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нафи"/>
<biblScope>82</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">īw <oRef>særdygon</oRef> bon G˳yrʒybeg jæ fos
... dūcynmæ ærtardta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в один летний день Гурдзибег пригнал свое стадо
для доения</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">one summer day Gwyrdzybeg drove his herd for
milking</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
<biblScope>25</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
<w type="rec">sard-</w>, <w type="rec">sarad-</w></mentioned>. Распространено по всему
иранскому миру, преимущественно в значении <gloss><q>год</q></gloss>: <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>sāl</w> (закономерно из <w type="rec">sard-</w>) </mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ku" extralang="ps x-balochi"><lang/>
<w>sal</w>
<gloss><q>год</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
<w>serdem</w>
<gloss><q>age</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bedir_Xan"/></bibl>), лурский диалект <mentioned xml:lang="ldd"><w>särdâwá</w>
<gloss><q>осень</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KPF"/>,
<biblScope xml:lang="ru">Abt. II, стр. 191</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
<w>sard</w> (из <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"><mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/></mentioned></note>) в <w>nava-sard</w>
<gloss><q>Новый год</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
<w>psarlay</w>
<gloss><q>весна</q></gloss> из <w type="rec">upa-saradaka</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
<biblScope>60</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
<w>serd</w> в <w>wuserd</w>
<gloss><q>этот год</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>в этом году</q></gloss></mentioned>
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Lorimer"/>
<biblScope>II 286</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
<w type="rec">sarδ</w> (<w>srδ</w>)</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
<w>srδ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
<w>sali-</w>, <w>sala-</w>
<gloss><q>год</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._KhT"/>
<biblScope>IV 96</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>sarəd-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
<w>θard-</w>
<gloss><q>год</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>ṡarad-</w>
<gloss><q>осень</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>год</q></gloss></mentioned>. О дальнейших связях
можно говорить только предположительно. Если значение слова в осетинском
(<gloss><q>лето</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>жаркая пора</q></gloss>) является
первоначальным, то в высшей степени убедительно сближение с <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
<w>calidus</w>
<gloss><q>жаркий</q></gloss></mentioned>. Для колебания значений
<gloss><q>лето</q></gloss><gloss><q>год</q></gloss> ср. <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>лето</w></mentioned> при <mentioned xml:lang="orv"><lang/>
<w>лѣто</w>
<gloss><q>год</q></gloss></mentioned>. — О форме <ref type="xr" target="#entry_særdygon"><w>særdygon</w> | <w>særdigon</w></ref> см.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
<biblScope>268</biblScope></bibl> s.v. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bonygon"/>.
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
<biblScope>14</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
<biblScope>55</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
<biblScope>19</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Szemerényi</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JAOS"/>
<date>1950</date>, <biblScope xml:lang="ru">стр. 234 сл.</biblScope></bibl><bibl><name>Bailey</name>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/>
<date>1956</date>,<biblScope xml:lang="ru">стр. 115</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">It goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
<w type="rec">sard-</w>, <w type="rec">sarad-</w></mentioned>. The word is widespread
throughout the all Iranian world, mostly in the meaning <gloss><q>year</q></gloss>:
<mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>sāl</w> (regularly from <w type="rec">sard-</w>) </mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ku" extralang="ps x-balochi"><lang/>
<w>sal</w>
<gloss><q>year</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
<w>serdem</w>
<gloss><q>age</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bedir_Xan"/></bibl>), Luri <mentioned xml:lang="ldd"><w>särdâwá</w>
<gloss><q>autumn</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KPF"/>,
<biblScope xml:lang="en">Abt.
II, p. 191</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
<w>sard</w> (from <note xml:lang="en" type="comment"><mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/></mentioned></note>) in <w>nava-sard</w>
<gloss><q>New Year</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
<w>psarlay</w>
<gloss><q>spring</q></gloss> from <w type="rec">upa-saradaka</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
<biblScope>60</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
<w>serd</w> in <w>wuserd</w>
<gloss><q>this year</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>in this year</q></gloss></mentioned>
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Lorimer"/>
<biblScope>II 286</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
<w type="rec">sarδ</w> (<w>srδ</w>)</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
<w>srδ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
<w>sali-</w>, <w>sala-</w>
<gloss><q>year</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._KhT"/>
<biblScope>IV 96</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>sarəd-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
<w>θard-</w>
<gloss><q>year</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>ṡarad-</w>
<gloss><q>autumn</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>year</q></gloss></mentioned>. One can talk about
further connections only tentatively. If the meaning of this word in Ossetic
(<gloss><q>summer</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>hot time</q></gloss>) is original, the
association with <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
<w>calidus</w>
<gloss><q>hot</q></gloss></mentioned> is highly convincing. As for the cooccurence of
meanings <gloss><q>sommer</q></gloss><gloss><q>year</q></gloss> cf. <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>leto</w> (<gloss><q>sommer</q></gloss>)</mentioned> and <mentioned xml:lang="orv"><lang/>
<w>lѣto</w>
<gloss><q>year</q></gloss></mentioned>. — About the form <ref type="xr" target="#entry_særdygon"><w>særdygon</w> | <w>særdigon</w></ref> see: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
<biblScope>268</biblScope></bibl> s.v. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bonygon"/>.
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
<biblScope>14</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
<biblScope>55</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
<biblScope>19</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Szemerényi</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JAOS"/>
<date>1950</date>, <biblScope xml:lang="en">p. 234 ff.</biblScope></bibl><bibl><name>Bailey</name>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/>
<date>1956</date>, <biblScope xml:lang="en">p. 115</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
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