556 lines
No EOL
32 KiB
XML
556 lines
No EOL
32 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">saʒyn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_saʒyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d2776e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>saʒyn</orth><form type="participle"><orth>saǧd</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>saʒun</orth><form type="participle"><orth>saǧd</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2776e69">
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>сажать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>plant</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>вкапывать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>dig in</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>всаживать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>thrust</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>втыкать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>stick</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>вонзать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>stab</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> д. также </note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> in Digor also</note>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>строить</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>build</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>устанавливать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>establish</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>назначать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>appoint</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; в дигорском отмечается также форма <formGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<form xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="dialectal" xml:lang="os"><orth>ræsaʒun</orth></form>
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</formGrp></note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; in Digor the form <formGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<form xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="dialectal" xml:lang="os"><orth>ræsaʒun</orth></form>
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</formGrp> is also attested</note>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>bælæstæ saʒyn</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сажать деревья</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">plant trees</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>cæfxad saʒyn</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">подковать</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">shoe a horse</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>saǧd</w>
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<gloss><q>воткнутый</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>всаженный</q></gloss></mentioned></note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>saǧd</w>
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<gloss><q>stuck</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>thrust</q></gloss></mentioned></note>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>saǧdæj bazzajyn</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>остаться как вкопанный</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>stop dead in one's tracks</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>остолбенеть</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>be petrified</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæxīcæn <oRef>nyssaʒy</oRef> ysqælfynʒ
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cævæg</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">насаживает себе косу с выгнутым концом</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he sticks a scythe [blade] [into smth] with an
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arched top for himself</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>56</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">zæxxæj kæm wa fælmændær, ūm
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<oRef>nyssaʒon</oRef> mæ gūton</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">где земля будет помягче, там я всажу свой
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плуг</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">where the ground is softer, I will stick my
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plow in</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека._Ир._фийау"/>
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<biblScope>25</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ūs nyværzænæj qama felvæsta æmæ jæ abyrǵytæj
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īwæn... jæ g˳ybyny <oRef>nyssaǧta</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">женщина выхватила из изголовья кинжал и всадила
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его одному из абреков в живот</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a woman drew a dagger from a headboard and
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stabb it into the stomach of the one of the outlaws</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>29</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ nyværzæn yn cyrt
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<oRef>nyssaǧtoj</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у его изголовья (могилы) установили
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надгробие</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">[they] established a <quote xml:id="translation">tombstone</quote> near the headboard (of his grave)</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>54</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">nyffældax īw ingænyl saw dūr,
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<oRef>nyssaʒ</oRef> īw mæ særmæ bærzbælas</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">навали на могилу черный камень, посади надо
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мной березу</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">lay a black stone on my grave, plant a birch
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above me</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Niger"/>
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<biblScope>35</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bærzy wæxstytyl nard fīzonǵytæ
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<oRef>nyssaǧta</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">на березовые вертелы он насадил жирные
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шашлыки</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he stuck fatty kebabs on birch spits</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>77</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fydbylyzy næ <oRef>saʒʒysty</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">они введут (<q>всадят</q>) нас в беду</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they will lead us (<q>dig us in</q>) to
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trouble</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
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<biblScope>26</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæxī bæxæn cæfxad næ
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<oRef>saʒy</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он не подковывает свою лошадь</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he doesn't shoe his horse</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bar."/>
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<biblScope>97</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">læppu jæ bæxy cæfxædtæ zyǧ˳ymmæ
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<oRef>nyssaǧta</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">юноша подковал своего коня задом наперед</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a young man shod his horse backwards</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
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<biblScope>133—134</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">gædyjaw dæ jæ nyxtæ card k˳y
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<oRef>nyssaʒa</oRef> — tærsyn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">боюсь, как бы жизнь не вонзила в тебя свои
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когти, как кот</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I am afraid that the life might stab its claws
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into you as a cat</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Niger"/>
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<biblScope>83</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mīxtæ acyrǧ kæn æmæ sæ saʒyn ævvong
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yskæn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">заостри колья и приготовь их к насадке</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sharpen the stakes and get them ready for
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putting in</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
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<biblScope>II 181</biblScope></bibl>
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||
</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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||
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æ bolat kærdæn in æ zærdi awinʒænti e ku
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||
<oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">nissaʒuj</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">она вонзает ему в сердце свои булатные
|
||
ножницы</q>
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||
</tr>
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||
<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">she stabs her steel scissors into his heart</q>
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||
</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
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||
<biblScope>133</biblScope></bibl>
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||
</example>
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||
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">... cæveddongæ ma mæ zærdi <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">saǧd</oRef> bajzadæj saw qæma</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">... как если бы в моем сердце остался вонзенным
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||
черный кинжал</q>
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||
</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">... just like in my heart a black dagger
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||
remains stabbed</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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||
<biblScope>11</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
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||
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">ærsaʒuj </oRef>
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zænxi æ læʒæg</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он втыкает в землю свою палку</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he digs his stick into the ground</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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||
<biblScope>71</biblScope></bibl>
|
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</example>
|
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
||
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æ dumæggægtæ æ sujni <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">fæssaǧta</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">свои полы он заткнул за пояс</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he plugged the flaps [of his clothing] into the
|
||
belt</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
|
||
<biblScope>23₂</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
||
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">ræsaǧt</oRef> æ
|
||
rewi fæjjawgard</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в ее грудь всажен пастушеский нож</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a shepherd knife was stabbed into her
|
||
breast</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
|
||
<biblScope>77</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
||
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">nissaǧtæ</oRef>
|
||
mæ fedog</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">назначьте меня герольдом</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">appoint me a herald </q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
|
||
<biblScope>18</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
||
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">... æxecæn bæxtæræg <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">nissaʒgæj</oRef>...</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">... назначив себе кучера...</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">... having appointed a coachman for
|
||
himself...</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_SD"/>
|
||
<biblScope>242₂</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
||
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kolxozæn es kurojnæ <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">saǧt</oRef></quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у колхоза построена мельница</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a mill is built near the collective farm</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_SD"/>
|
||
<biblScope>171₃</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
||
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">duwwæ ursi ba æxecæn qalaur <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">nissaǧta</oRef></quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">двух жеребцов он приставил к себе стражами</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he put himself two foals as guards</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
|
||
<biblScope>20₅</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wazǵytæ īwyldær bazzadysty ...
|
||
<oRef>saǧdæj</oRef></quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">все гости остолбенели</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">all the guests were petrified</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
|
||
<biblScope>141</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Asiat cʼylyn appærsta æmæ
|
||
<oRef>saǧdawæj</oRef> bazzad</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Асиат уронила метлу и осталась как
|
||
вкопанная</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Asiat dropped her broom and stopped dead in her
|
||
tracks</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
|
||
<biblScope>23</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
</exampleGrp>
|
||
<etym xml:lang="ru">Сохранившееся в дигорском значение <gloss><q>строить</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>устанавливать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>назначать</q></gloss> позволяет
|
||
объединить осетинское слово с группой ново- и среднеиранских фактов: <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
||
<w>sāxtan</w>: <w>sāz-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>строить</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>сооружать</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>прилаживать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>пригонять</q></gloss></mentioned>,
|
||
<mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
|
||
<w>säxtan</w>: <w>sāč-</w> id.</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
|
||
<w>sāž</w>, <w>ni-sāž-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>изготовлять</q></gloss>, <w>pa-sāž-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>устраивать</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ghilain"/>
|
||
<biblScope>68</biblScope></bibl>) , <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
||
<w type="rec">sāč</w> (<w>sʼč-</w>) <gloss><q>следовать</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>подобать</q></gloss>, <w type="rec">an-sāč-</w>: <w type="rec">an-saxt-</w> (<w>’nsʼč</w> :<w>’nsʼγt</w>) <gloss><q>ставить</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>устанавливать</q></gloss>, <w type="rec">pat-sāč-</w> : <w type="rec">pat-sāxt-</w> (<w>ptsʼč-</w>: <w>ptsʼγt</w>) <gloss><q>прикреплять</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>прилаживать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>украшать</q></gloss></mentioned>.
|
||
<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">Ср. <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
||
<phr>δntk...mrγy ptsʼγtk</phr>
|
||
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">ровно посаженные зубы</q></gloss></mentioned>
|
||
(<bibl><author>Benveniste</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JRAS"/>
|
||
<biblScope xml:lang="ru">1933, стр. 38</biblScope></bibl>) = ос. <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>æmx˳yzon saǧd
|
||
dændægtæ</phr></mentioned>.</note> Что касается древнеиранской и индоевропейской
|
||
перспективы, то тут нет полной ясности. Возможна связь с <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
||
<w>sač</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>закреплять в памяти</q></gloss></mentioned> (ср. ос. <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>īw q˳ydy mæ særy nyssaǧdī</phr>
|
||
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">одна мысль засела мне в
|
||
голову</q></gloss></mentioned>).<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote"><name>Вс.
|
||
Миллер</name> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
|
||
<biblScope>II 80—81</biblScope></bibl>) привлекает другой авестийский глагол —
|
||
<mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>sač-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>идти</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>подобать</q></gloss></mentioned>, — но
|
||
добавляет: <quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">...вопрос, насколько примиримы
|
||
аначения осетинск. и авест. глагола и насколько твердо установлены оба значения
|
||
авестийского</q></quote>.</note> Старым иранским заимствованием является <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
|
||
<w>saxtʼ-</w> в выражении <phr>saxtʼad darča</phr>
|
||
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">он остолбенел</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl"> (<bibl xml:lang="ru"><title>Русско-груз. сл.</title>
|
||
<pubPlace>Тбилиси</pubPlace>, <date>1937</date>, <biblScope>стр.
|
||
594</biblScope></bibl>)</note>, буквально <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">остался <w>saxtʼ</w></q></gloss></mentioned> = <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>saǧdæj
|
||
bazzadī</phr>
|
||
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">он остолбенел</q></gloss></mentioned>. Для
|
||
семантического перехода <gloss><q>строить</q></gloss> → <gloss><q>сажать
|
||
деревья</q></gloss> ср. хотя бы <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
|
||
<w>bauen</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>строить</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>сажать деревья</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>разводить
|
||
растения</q></gloss></mentioned>. На развитие значения
|
||
<gloss><q>втыкать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>вонзать</q></gloss> могла повлиять контаминация с
|
||
<mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
|
||
<w>sanǰ-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>втыкать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>вонзать</q></gloss></mentioned>. — Активный
|
||
глагол <oRef/> имеет медиальное соответствие с обычной характеристикой — ослаблением
|
||
гласного корня: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sæʒyn"/>
|
||
<gloss><q>вонзаться</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>застревать</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>вязнуть</q></gloss>, q. v.</etym>
|
||
<etym xml:lang="en">The meanings <gloss><q>build</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>establish</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>appoint</q></gloss> preserved in Digor lets
|
||
one bring the Ossetic word together with the group of New Iranian and Middle Iranian
|
||
facts: <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
||
<w>sāxtan</w>: <w>sāz-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>build</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>construct</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>fit</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>adjust</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
|
||
<w>säxtan</w>: <w>sāč-</w> id.</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
|
||
<w>sāž</w>, <w>ni-sāž-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>make</q></gloss>, <w>pa-sāž-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>arrange</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ghilain"/>
|
||
<biblScope>68</biblScope></bibl>) , <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
||
<w type="rec">sāč</w> (<w>sʼč-</w>) <gloss><q>behove</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>befit</q></gloss>, <w type="rec">an-sāč-</w>: <w type="rec">an-saxt-</w>
|
||
(<w>’nsʼč</w> :<w>’nsʼγt</w>) <gloss><q>put</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>set</q></gloss>, <w type="rec">pat-sāč-</w> : <w type="rec">pat-sāxt-</w> (<w>ptsʼč-</w>: <w>ptsʼγt</w>)
|
||
<gloss><q>attach</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>adjust</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>decorate</q></gloss></mentioned>.<note type="footnote">Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
||
<phr>δntk...mrγy ptsʼγtk</phr>
|
||
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">evenly set teeth</q></gloss></mentioned>
|
||
(<bibl><author>Benveniste</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JRAS"/>
|
||
<biblScope xml:lang="en">1933, p.
|
||
38</biblScope></bibl>) = Ossetic <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>æmx˳yzon saǧd
|
||
dændægtæ</phr></mentioned>.</note>As for Old Iranian and Indo-European perspective,
|
||
it is not entirely clear. The connection with <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
||
<w>sač</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>memorize</q></gloss></mentioned> (cf. Ossetic <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>īw
|
||
q˳ydy mæ særy nyssaǧdī</phr>
|
||
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">one thought has stuck in my
|
||
head</q></gloss></mentioned>).<note type="footnote"><name>Ws. Miller</name>
|
||
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
|
||
<biblScope>II 80—81</biblScope></bibl>) attracts the other Avestan verb — <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>sač-</w>
|
||
<gloss><?oxy_comment_start author="админ" timestamp="20221219T141047+0300" comment="'идти', 'подобать' - как перевести 'идти'?"?><q>be
|
||
suitable</q><?oxy_comment_end ?></gloss>, <gloss><q>befit</q></gloss></mentioned>,
|
||
— but he also adds: <quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">...it is a question to what
|
||
extent the meanings of the Ossetic and the Avestan verb are comparable, and how good
|
||
are both meanings of the Avestan verb set</q></quote>.</note>The early borrowing
|
||
from Ossetic is <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
|
||
<w>saxtʼ-</w> in the expression <phr>saxtʼad darča</phr>
|
||
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">he was pertified</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl"> (<bibl xml:lang="en"><title>Russko-gruzinskij slovarʼ</title> [Russian-Georgian
|
||
dictionary].
|
||
<pubPlace>Tbilisi</pubPlace>, <date>1937</date>, <biblScope>p.
|
||
594</biblScope></bibl>)</note>, it is literally <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">remained <w>saxtʼ</w></q></gloss></mentioned> =
|
||
<mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr>saǧdæj bazzadī</phr>
|
||
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">he was petrified</q></gloss></mentioned>. For
|
||
the semantic shift <gloss><q>build</q></gloss> → <gloss><q>plant trees</q></gloss> cf. at
|
||
least <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
|
||
<w>bauen</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>build</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>plant trees</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>breed
|
||
plants</q></gloss></mentioned>. The development of the meaning
|
||
<gloss><q>thrust</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>stab</q></gloss> could be affected by the blend
|
||
with <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
|
||
<w>sanǰ-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>stick</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>stab</q></gloss></mentioned>. — The active verb
|
||
<oRef/> has a middle voice correspondence with a usual weakening of a root vowel: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sæʒyn"/>
|
||
<gloss><q>stick into</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>get stuck</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>bog
|
||
down</q></gloss>, q. v.</etym>
|
||
</entry>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</text>
|
||
</TEI> |