523 lines
No EOL
31 KiB
XML
523 lines
No EOL
31 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
|
||
<teiHeader>
|
||
<fileDesc>
|
||
<titleStmt>
|
||
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">sajyn</hi></title>
|
||
</titleStmt>
|
||
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
|
||
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
|
||
<sourceDesc>
|
||
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
|
||
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
|
||
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
|
||
</sourceDesc>
|
||
</fileDesc>
|
||
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
|
||
<tagsDecl>
|
||
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
|
||
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
|
||
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
|
||
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
|
||
</tagsDecl>
|
||
</encodingDesc>
|
||
</teiHeader>
|
||
<text>
|
||
<body>
|
||
<entry xml:id="entry_sajyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
|
||
<form xml:id="form_d3130e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>sajyn</orth><form type="participle"><orth>said</orth></form></form>
|
||
<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>sajun</orth><form type="participle"><orth>sajd</orth></form></form>
|
||
<sense xml:id="sense_d3130e69" n="1">
|
||
<sense>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>обманывать</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>deceive</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
</sense>
|
||
<sense>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>нарушать слово</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>break the word</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
</sense>
|
||
</sense>
|
||
<sense n="2">
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>помутить рассудок</q>
|
||
<note type="comment"> (о действии нечистой силы)</note>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>cause madness</q>
|
||
<note type="comment"> (of the actions of the evil spirit)</note>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
</sense>
|
||
<sense n="3">
|
||
<sense>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>влечь</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>entail</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
</sense>
|
||
<sense>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>увлекать</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>cause</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
</sense>
|
||
<sense>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>отвлекать</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>distract</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
</sense>
|
||
<sense>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>завлекать</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>lure</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
</sense>
|
||
<sense>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>заманивать</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>entice</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
</sense>
|
||
</sense>
|
||
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" n="1">
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ʒyrd bakodtoj, ard baxordtoj k˳yd kæræʒī nal
|
||
<oRef>fæsajgysty</oRef></quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">они дали слово, поклялись, что не обманут
|
||
больше друг друга</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they gave their word that they will nevermore
|
||
deceive each other</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
|
||
<biblScope>27</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æz ʒyrd kæm radton, ūm mæ ʒyrd næ
|
||
<oRef>sajyn</oRef></quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">коль скоро я дал слово, то я не нарушу
|
||
(<gloss><q>не обману</q></gloss>) моего слова</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">if I have given my word, I won't break
|
||
(<gloss><q>deceive</q></gloss>) my word</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
|
||
<biblScope>218</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ard baxordton æmæ ard <oRef>fæsajyn</oRef>
|
||
zyn q˳yddag ū</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я дал клятву, а нарушить клятву — трудное
|
||
дело</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I have taken an oath, and it is very difficult to
|
||
break it</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
|
||
<biblScope>40</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sæ ard basastoj, se ’wwænk baxordtoj,
|
||
<oRef>fæsajdtoj</oRef> næ</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">они нарушили (<gloss><q>сломали</q></gloss>)
|
||
свою клятву, съели свою честь, обманули нас</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they broke their oath, ate their honour,
|
||
deceived us</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
|
||
<biblScope>1957 III 11</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæ ūs myn zaǧta syǧzærīn særyq˳yn ḱyzg æmæ
|
||
læppū æmæ mæ <oRef>fæsajdta</oRef>, nyjjardta dywwæ kʼæbylajy</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">жена обещала мне (родить) златокудрых девочку и
|
||
мальчика и обманула меня, родила двух щенят</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">my wife promised me (to bear) a golden-haired
|
||
girl and a boy and deceived me, [she] bore two puppies</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
|
||
<biblScope>86 — 88</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ældar Qūdy komæj <oRef>sajgæ-sajgæ</oRef>
|
||
qalon īsyn bajdydta</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">князь обманным образом стал взимать с Кудского
|
||
ущелья дань</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the prince started to collect the tribute from
|
||
the Qud gorge through deception</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
|
||
<biblScope>10</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæn læǧz nyxæstæj næ
|
||
<oRef>asajʒynæ</oRef></quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">меня гладкими (вкрадчивыми) речами не
|
||
обманешь</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">you can't deceive me by the smarmy speech</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
|
||
<biblScope>16</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæn mæ zærdæ nīk˳y <oRef>sajy</oRef>: zonyn —
|
||
zaryn qæwy nyr </quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">меня никогда не обманывает мое сердце: знаю —
|
||
надо петь теперь</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">my heart never deceives me: I know that I need
|
||
to sing right now</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Niger"/>
|
||
<biblScope>73</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mīt tajy, īx <oRef>sajy</oRef></quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">снег тает, лед обманчив (подламывается)</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">snow melts, ice is deceptive (breaks under
|
||
one's feet)</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
|
||
<biblScope>123</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mīt læǵy cæst <oRef>sajy</oRef></quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">снег обманывает (слепит) человеческий глаз</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">snow deceives (blinds) the human eye</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
|
||
<biblScope>63</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dæw <oRef>sainag</oRef> wydtæn, fælæ myl dy
|
||
fæqæbærdær dæ</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я хотел тебя обмануть, но ты оказался крепче
|
||
меня</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I wanted to deceive you, but you turned out to
|
||
be tougher than me</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
|
||
<biblScope>I 88</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
||
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>ba-dæ-sajdta</oRef>, (æ od) omi ævard
|
||
næj</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он обманул тебя, (его душа) не там спрятана</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he is deceived you, (his soul) isn't hidden
|
||
there</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">из сказки;
|
||
</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">from the fairy tale; </note><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
|
||
<biblScope>11₁₂</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
</exampleGrp>
|
||
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" n="2">
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ærra dæ ævi dæ <oRef>sajgæ</oRef>
|
||
fæḱynd?</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ты сумасшедший или тебе помутило рассудок
|
||
(нечистой силой)?</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">are you mad or is your mind clouded (because of
|
||
the evil spirit)?</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Илас"/>
|
||
<biblScope>88</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xæjrægytæ jæ <oRef>fæsajdtoj</oRef></quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">черти помутили у него рассудок</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">demons clauded his mind</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xæjræg kæj <oRef>fæsajy</oRef>, ūmæn Ǵery
|
||
ʒwar jæ xosgænæg</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у кого черт помутил рассудок, того исцелит
|
||
Герская святыня</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the shrine of Ger will heal the ones whose mind
|
||
is clouded by demons</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
|
||
<biblScope>III 228</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xæjræǵytæ mæ <oRef>sajync</oRef> ævi?</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">уж не черти ли меня морочат?</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">or are demons tricking me?</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нафи"/>
|
||
<biblScope>65</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
</exampleGrp>
|
||
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" n="3">
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ʒyrd kæddæriddær ʒyrd
|
||
<oRef>sajy</oRef></quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">слово всегда влечет (за собой другое) слово</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the word always causes the (another) word</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
|
||
<biblScope>106</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ʒīʒīy xæld styr nīz <oRef>asajdta</oRef> æmæ
|
||
Qyzmydæ amard</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">нарыв на груди повлек за собой тяжелую болезнь,
|
||
и Кизмида умерла</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the abscess on the brest caused a severe
|
||
illness, and Qyzmydæ died</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
|
||
<biblScope>12</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">syvællony dwarmæ <oRef>asaj</oRef></quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">отвлеки ребенка наружу (на улицу)</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">entice the child to the outside</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dygoppon kujty rūvasy lægætmæ
|
||
<oRef>ærsajdta</oRef></quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">удод завлек собак в лисью нору</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">hoopooe lured the dogs into the foxhole</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
|
||
<biblScope>115</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">talyng kʼ˳ymmæ jæ
|
||
<oRef>basajdta</oRef></quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">заманил его в темный угол</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">[he] lured him into the dark corner</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ḱysyl kʼæbær k˳y axordta, wæd systad æmæ jæxi
|
||
<oRef>rasajdta</oRef> kærtmæ</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">поев немного, он встал и отвлек себя во двор
|
||
(под благовидным предлогом вышел во двор)</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">after eating a bit, he stood up and lured
|
||
himself into the yard (under a specious excuse, he went out to the yard)</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нафи"/>
|
||
<biblScope>189</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
||
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xīnæj racæwan ǧæwuj Kʼornaj furtbæl; æwwænkæj
|
||
æj eskumæ <oRef>rasajæn</oRef> æma in næ zærdi ci wa, oj bakænginan</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">надо хитростью обойти Корнаева; вкравшись к
|
||
нему в доверие, мы заманим его куда-нибудь и поступим с ним как нам угодно</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">one needs to conquer Kornajev by trick; having
|
||
crept into his confidence, we will lure him somewhere and do with him everything we
|
||
need</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
|
||
<biblScope>1949 II 42</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
</exampleGrp>
|
||
<etym xml:lang="ru">Вероятно, восходит <mentioned>к иран. <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">sāy-</w></mentioned>, и.е. <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">sḱāi-</w></mentioned>
|
||
<gloss><q>бросать тень</q></gloss>
|
||
<gloss><q>мерцать</q></gloss> (часто о ложном, обманчивом свете)</mentioned>: <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
||
<w>sāyā</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>тень</q></gloss><gloss><q>привидение</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>призрак</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
|
||
<w>sāig</w>, <w>siāig</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>тень</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>тенистый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
||
<w>a-saya-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>кто не отбрасывает тени</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/><w> čhāyā-</w><gloss>
|
||
<q>тень</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>отблеск</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>отражение</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/><w>
|
||
sijati</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="orv"><lang/>
|
||
<w>сиять</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="non"><lang/>
|
||
<w>skī</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>притворство</q></gloss> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">ложный
|
||
свет</q></gloss>)</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="got"><lang/>
|
||
<w>skeinan</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>блестеть</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
|
||
<w>scheinen</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>блестеть</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>иметь вид</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>казаться</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>представляться</q></gloss>, <w>Schein</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>сияние</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>мерцание</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>видимость</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>иллюзия</q></gloss>, <w>scheinbar</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>кажущийся</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>иллюзорный</q></gloss>, <w>Scheinbild</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>призрак</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>фантом</q></gloss></mentioned>,
|
||
<mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="x-tchr"><lang/>
|
||
<w>skiyo</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
||
<w>σχιά</w></mentioned>
|
||
<gloss><q>тень</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>призрак</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>видимость</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>иллюзия</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр.
|
||
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/><biblScope> 917 —
|
||
918</biblScope></bibl>¹ <note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">Относится ли сюда <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
||
<w>ki-</w> (← <w type="rec">ski-</w>)
|
||
<gloss><q>лгать</q></gloss></mentioned>?</note>
|
||
Идеосемантика <gloss><q>тень</q></gloss> → <gloss><q>обман</q></gloss> поддерживается
|
||
другими языками; ср. выше в германских языках значения <gloss><q>призрак</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>видимость</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>иллюзия</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>притворство</q></gloss>. В немецком есть выражение <mentioned xml:lang="de"><phr>Jemanden hinters Licht führen</phr>
|
||
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">заводить кого-либо в тень</q></gloss> в смысле <gloss><q>обманывать</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ср. также <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
||
<w>chattra </w><gloss><q>зонт</q></gloss> → <w>chadman</w><gloss>
|
||
<q>обман</q></gloss></mentioned>. Особенно яркую семантическую параллель дает
|
||
<mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang>русский</lang>: <w>морока</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>мрак</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>сумрак</q></gloss> — <w>морочить</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>обманывать хитростью, лукавством, лживыми уверениями, обаяньем</q></gloss>
|
||
(</mentioned><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Даль"/>
|
||
<biblScope>II 348</biblScope></bibl><mentioned xml:lang="ru">)</mentioned>; ср. ос.
|
||
<oRef/> в значении <gloss><q>увлекать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>завлекать</q></gloss> и пр.
|
||
Не лишено интереса сравнение семантического развития двух осетинских глаголов со значением
|
||
<gloss><q>обманывать</q></gloss>: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fælīvyn"/> и <oRef/>.
|
||
Первый восходит к понятию <gloss><q>замазывать</q></gloss> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/><biblScope> 438</biblScope></bibl>), второй — к понятию
|
||
<gloss><q>бросать тень</q></gloss>. — Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sajægoj"/>,
|
||
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_sajæn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sajd"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sajnæ"/>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>sajnæg</w></mentioned>.
|
||
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
|
||
<biblScope>II 82</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Petersson</author>. <title>Studien
|
||
über indogermanische Heteroklisie</title>. <pubPlace>Lund</pubPlace>,
|
||
<time>1921</time>, <biblScope xml:lang="ru">стр. 52—53</biblScope>
|
||
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(с ценными семантическими параллелями)</note></bibl>.</etym>
|
||
<etym xml:lang="en">Probably, the word goes back to <mentioned>Iranian <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">sāy-</w></mentioned>,</mentioned> Indo-European
|
||
<mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">sḱāi-</w></mentioned>
|
||
<gloss><q>cast a shadow</q></gloss>
|
||
<gloss><q>sparkle</q></gloss> (often about the false, deceptive light): <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
||
<w>sāyā</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>shadow</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>ghost</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>wraith</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
|
||
<w>sāig</w>, <w>siāig</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>shadow</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>shady</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
||
<w>a-saya-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>one who doesn't cast a shadow</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/><w> čhāyā-</w><gloss>
|
||
<q>shadow</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>gleam</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>reflection</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
|
||
<w>sijati</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="orv"><lang/>
|
||
<w>sijat'</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="non"><lang/>
|
||
<w>skī</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>pretence</q></gloss> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">false
|
||
light</q></gloss>)</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="got"><lang/>
|
||
<w>skeinan</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>shine</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
|
||
<w>scheinen</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>shine</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>look like</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>seem</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>appear</q></gloss>, <w>Schein</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>a shine</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>shimmer</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>appearance</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>illusion </q></gloss>, <w>scheinbar</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>apparent</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>illusory</q></gloss>, <w>Scheinbild</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>ghost</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>phantom</q></gloss></mentioned>,
|
||
<mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="x-tchr"><lang/>
|
||
<w>skiyo</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
||
<w>σχιά</w></mentioned>
|
||
<gloss><q>shadow</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>ghost</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>appearance</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>illusion</q></gloss></mentioned> etc.
|
||
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/><biblScope> 917 —
|
||
918</biblScope></bibl>).<note type="footnote">Is <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
||
<w>ki-</w> (← <w type="rec">ski-</w>) <gloss><q>lie</q></gloss></mentioned>a
|
||
cognate?</note> Ideosemantics <gloss><q>shadow</q></gloss> →
|
||
<gloss><q>deception</q></gloss> is supported by other languages; see above in Germanic
|
||
languages the meanings <gloss><q>ghost</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>appearance</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>illusion</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>pretense</q></gloss>. There is an expression
|
||
in German: <mentioned xml:lang="de"><phr>Jemanden hinters Licht führen</phr>
|
||
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">lead somebody into a shadow</q></gloss> in the
|
||
sense <gloss><q>to deceive</q></gloss></mentioned>. Cf, also <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
||
<w>chattra </w><gloss><q>umbrella</q></gloss> → <w>chadman</w><gloss>
|
||
<q>deception</q></gloss></mentioned>. The most bright semantic parallel is <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
||
<w>moroka</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>darkness</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>twilight</q></gloss> — <w>moročit'</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>deceive by trickery, deceit, false assurances, charm</q></gloss>
|
||
(</mentioned><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Даль"/>
|
||
<biblScope>II 348</biblScope></bibl><mentioned xml:lang="ru">)</mentioned>; cf. Ossetic
|
||
<oRef/> in the sense <gloss><q>lure</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>entice</q></gloss> etc. Also
|
||
interesting is the comparison of the semantic development of two Ossetic verbs with the
|
||
meaning <gloss><q>deceive</q></gloss>: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fælīvyn"/> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sajyn"/>. The first one goes up to the concept
|
||
<gloss><q>smear</q></gloss> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/><biblScope>
|
||
438</biblScope></bibl>), the second one — <gloss><q>cast a shadow</q></gloss>. — Cf.
|
||
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_sajægoj"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sajæn"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sajd"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sajnæ"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sajnæg_2"/>. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
|
||
<biblScope>II 82</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Petersson</author>. <title>Studien
|
||
über indogermanische Heteroklisie</title>. <pubPlace>Lund</pubPlace>,
|
||
<time>1921</time>, <biblScope xml:lang="en">p. 52—53</biblScope>
|
||
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(with valuable semantic parallels)</note></bibl>.</etym>
|
||
</entry>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</text>
|
||
</TEI> |