450 lines
No EOL
31 KiB
XML
450 lines
No EOL
31 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">siaxs</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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||
<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_siaxs" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d532e66" type="lemma"><orth>siaxs</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>зять</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>son-in-law</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>жених</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>fiance</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>siaxsag</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">кто намечен в зятья</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">one who is planned to be a son-in-law</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">жених</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fiance</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>æmsiaxs</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">свояк</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">brother-in-law</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (муж жены сестры)</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (husband of sister's wife)</note>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>siaxs</oRef>, dam, ældar ū</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">зять, говорят, это князь</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the son-in-law, they say, this is a prince</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>228</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ḱynʒ æmæ <oRef>siaxsy</oRef> arǧwanmæ
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akodtoj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">невесту и жениха повели в церковь</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the bride and the groom were taken to
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church</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>67</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Xæmic fæsdwar <oRef>siaxsi</oRef> bunati
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islæwdtæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Хамиц стал за дверью, там, где подобает стоять
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зятю</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Xæmic stood behind the door, where a son-in-law
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should stand</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 24</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kæj ravzarʒæn <oRef>siaxsæn</oRef> jæ
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mad?</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">кого выберет в зятья ее мать?</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">who will her mother choose to be a
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son-in-law?</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Илас"/>
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<biblScope>54</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">padcax racydī je <oRef>siæxsty</oRef>
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wynynmæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">царь вышел посмотреть на своих зятей</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the tsar went out to look at his
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sons-in-law</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
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<biblScope>52</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">zærond læg ʒoruj <oRef>siaxsmæ</oRef>:
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rawajaj, <oRef>siaxs</oRef>, mæ niwazæn raniwazæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">старик говорит зятю: подойди, зять, выпей мой
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кубок</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the old man says to his son- in-law: come,
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son-in-law, drink my goblet</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>42</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>siaxsi</oRef> xæccæ kʼumi
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nillæwʒænæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ты станешь в углу с зятем</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">you will stand in the corner with the
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son-in-law</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>42</biblScope></bibl>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">Жениху и
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молодому зятю не подобало садиться со старшими; он должен был стоять в углу.</note>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="footnote">It was not
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allowed for the groom and the young son-in-law to sit with the elders; he had to stand
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in the corner.</note>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wæ <oRef>siaxs</oRef> win wæ kizgi kosæg
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iskodta: fagus xæssuj, sog æ raǧæj xæssuj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ваш зять сделал вашу дочь батрачкой: она
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таскает навоз, таскает на спине дрова</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">your son-in-law made your daughter a farmhand:
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she carries manure, carries firewood on her back</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 100</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ku ma <oRef>siæxstæ</oRef> nijjerguti ærtasun
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fændæ widæ...</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">если бы даже родителям хотелось (самим)
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выбирать зятей...</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">even if parents wanted to choose sons-in-law
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(by themselves)...</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
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<biblScope>85</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Xetægæj xwyzdær næ rajg˳yrzæn
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<oRef>siaxsag</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">не родится жених лучше Хетага</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">there will not be born a groom better than
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Xetæg</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>139</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">racæjcydysty je ʽmsiæxstæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">проходили его свояки</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">his brothers-in-law passed by</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
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<biblScope>52</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">В сочетании с притяжательными местоимениями <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mæn"><w>mæ</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dæ"/>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>jæ</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_næ_2"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wæ"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sæ"/> мы имеем часто
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<mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><w>me</w>
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<oRef>siaxs</oRef></phr></mentioned> (а не <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><w>mæ</w>
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<oRef>siaxs</oRef></phr></mentioned>) и т. д.; ср. выше (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
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<biblScope>52</biblScope></bibl>):
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<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20220920T191130+0300" comment="не делается курсив"?><example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="os">je siæxsty</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">своих зятей</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">своих зятей</q>
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</tr>
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</example><?oxy_comment_end ?> . Это позволяет восстановить более старую форму <w type="rec">isiaxs</w>: <phr><w>jæ</w>
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<oRef>isiaxs</oRef></phr> → <phr><w>je</w>
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<oRef>ʽsiaxs</oRef></phr>, как например
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<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20220920T191350+0300" comment="нужно ли делать меншнд?"?><phr><w>jæ</w>
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<w>iwazæg</w></phr><?oxy_comment_end ?> → <phr><w>je</w>
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<w>wazæg</w></phr>
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<quote>его гость</quote> и т. п. [æ + i = e (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ГО"/>
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<biblScope>§ 70</biblScope></bibl>)]. Форма <oRef>isiaxs</oRef>, в свою очередь, может
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быть возведена к <w type="rec">visiaxs</w> с закономерным отпадением <c>v</c> перед
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<c>i</c>, ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ssæʒ"><w>ssæʒ</w>
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<q>двадцать</q></ref> из <w>vinsati</w> и т. п. Сложение <w type="rec">visiaxs</w>
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заключает в первой части <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w>vīs-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">wiḱ-</w>, <w>weiḱ-</w>
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<gloss><q>дом</q>, <q>поселение</q></gloss> и пр. <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
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<biblScope>1131</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>: <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>vīs</w>
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<gloss><q>семья</q>, <q>поселение</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
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<w>gis</w>
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<gloss><q>семья</q>, <q>дом</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>bisā</w>
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<gloss><q>дом</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._KhT"/>
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<biblScope>VI 245</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>vīs-</w>
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<gloss><q>двор</q>, <q>поселение</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
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<w>viθ-</w>
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<gloss><q>дом</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>viś-</w>
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<gloss><q>поселение</q>, <q>семья</q>, <q>род</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>vьsь</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>весь</w>
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<gloss><q>селение</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>vieš-patis</w>
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<gloss><q>господин</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>vicus</w>
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<gloss><q>селение</q>, <q>крестьянский двор</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>οἶκος</w>
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<gloss><q>дом</q></gloss></mentioned>. Вторую часть <w>axs</w> (←
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<w><?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20220920T195829+0300" comment="какой язык?"?>āg-s-<?oxy_comment_end ?></w>)
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мы относим к группе <ref type="xr" target="#entry_axsǵiag"><w>axsǵiag</w>
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<q>дорогой</q>, <q>любимый</q></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_azun"><w>azun</w>
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<q>давать приют</q>, <q>ласкать</q></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_axston"><w>axston</w>
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<q>гнездо</q></ref>; см. эти слова. Стало быть, <oRef>siaxs</oRef> (= <w type="rec">visi-āxša-</w>) означает собственно
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<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20220920T200218+0300" comment="какой язык?"?><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">нашедший приют (<w>āxša-</w>) в доме
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(visi)</q><?oxy_comment_end ?>, <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">принятый в дом</q>.<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">Для второй части ср. <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>axṣ̌aj</w>
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<gloss><q>свояк</q>, <q>муж сестры</q></gloss></mentioned>.</note> По семантическому
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образованию ср. <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>примак</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>зять, принятый в дом тестя</q></gloss>
|
||
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(от <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>принимать</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>. Термин отражает положение вещей
|
||
при матрилокальном браке, когда зять <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">принимался</q> в
|
||
дом жены. По свидетельству античных авторов, поддерживаемому археологическими данными,
|
||
такая система была характерна для северноиранских племен, сарматов, массагетов, саков,
|
||
ближайших родственников современных осетин (<bibl><author>Граков</author>.
|
||
<title>Пережитки матриархата у сарматов</title>. <publisher>ВДИ</publisher>
|
||
<date>1947</date>
|
||
<biblScope>III 100 сл.</biblScope></bibl> — <bibl><author>Смирнов.</author>
|
||
<title>Савроматы.</title>
|
||
<pubPlace>М.</pubPlace>, <date>1964</date>, <biblScope>стр. 200 сл.</biblScope></bibl> —
|
||
<bibl><author>Ростовцев</author>. <title>Эллинство и иранство на юге России</title>.
|
||
<pubPlace>Игр.</pubPlace>, <date>1918</date>, <biblScope>стр. 29,
|
||
32</biblScope></bibl>). Согласно легенде, которую сообщает
|
||
<bibl><author>Геродот</author>
|
||
<biblScope>(IV 110—116)</biblScope></bibl>, савроматы произошли от брака скифов с
|
||
амазонками. Этот брак был <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">матрилокальным</hi>: не скифские
|
||
юноши взяли к себе амазонок, а они сами были приняты амазонками. Пережитки матрилокального
|
||
брака до недавнего времени сохранялись у осетин. В частности, был обычай: первого ребенка
|
||
женщина должна была рожать не в доме мужа, а в доме родителей
|
||
(<bibl><author>Магометов</author>. <title>Культура и быт осетинского народа</title>.
|
||
<pubPlace>Орджоникидзе</pubPlace>, <date>1968</date>, <biblScope>стр.
|
||
366</biblScope></bibl>). Обычай этот назывался <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><w>x˳yndæǵy</w>
|
||
<w>badyn</w></phr></mentioned>; см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_x0yndæg"/>. — Если
|
||
наш анализ слова <oRef/> правилен, то по образованию оно относится к хорошо известным в
|
||
индоиранских языках семейно-социальным терминам, имеющим в первой части сложения
|
||
<mentioned xml:lang="inc" extralang="ira"><w>viś-</w>, <w>vis-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>дом</q></gloss></mentioned>: <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
||
<w>viśpati-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>хозяин дома</q></gloss>, <w>viśpatnī-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>хозяйка дома</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
||
<w>vispaiti-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>глава сельской общины</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
|
||
<w>vispuhr</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>сын (царского) дома</q>, <q>царевич</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
||
<w>wyspyδʼr</w> id. <note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Benveniste</author>. <title>Titres
|
||
et nomes propres en iranien ancien</title>. <pubPlace>Paris</pubPlace>,
|
||
<date>1966</date>, <biblScope>стр. 24</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>,
|
||
<lang>сак.</lang>
|
||
<w>bisīvārāṣṣai</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>сын (знатного) дома</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._KhT"/>
|
||
<biblScope>IV 9</biblScope></bibl>)</note>.</etym>
|
||
<etym xml:lang="en"> We have often <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><w>me</w>
|
||
<oRef>siaxs</oRef></phr></mentioned> (and not <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><w>mæ</w>
|
||
<oRef>siaxs</oRef></phr></mentioned>) etc. in combination with possessive pronouns
|
||
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_mæn"><w>mæ</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dæ"/>,
|
||
<mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>jæ</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_næ_2"/>,
|
||
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_wæ"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sæ"/>; cf. above
|
||
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
|
||
<biblScope>52</biblScope></bibl>):
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20220920T191130+0300" comment="не делается курсив"?><example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="os">je siæxsty</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">their sons-in-law</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</example><?oxy_comment_end ?>. This allows to reconstruct an older form <w type="rec">isiaxs</w>: <phr><w>jæ</w>
|
||
<oRef>isiaxs</oRef></phr> → <phr><w>je</w>
|
||
<oRef>ʽsiaxs</oRef></phr>, like, for example,
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20220920T191350+0300" comment="нужно ли делать меншнд?"?><phr><w>jæ</w>
|
||
<w>iwazæg</w></phr><?oxy_comment_end ?> → <phr><w>je</w>
|
||
<w>wazæg</w></phr>
|
||
<quote>his guest</quote> etc. [<c>æ</c> + <c>i</c> = <c>e</c> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ГО"/>
|
||
<biblScope>§ 70</biblScope></bibl>)]. The form <oRef>isiaxs</oRef>, in its turn, could
|
||
be traced back to <w type="rec">visiaxs</w> with the regular loss of <c>v</c> before
|
||
<c>i</c>, cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ssæʒ"><w>ssæʒ</w>
|
||
<q>twenty</q></ref> from <w>vinsati</w> etc. Compound <w type="rec">visiaxs</w> has in
|
||
the first part <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
|
||
<w>vīs-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
|
||
<w type="rec">wiḱ-</w>, <w>weiḱ-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>house</q>, <q>settlement</q></gloss> etc. <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
|
||
<biblScope>1131</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>: <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
|
||
<w>vīs</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>family</q>, <q>settlement</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
|
||
<w>gis</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>settlement</q>, <q>house</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
|
||
<w>bisā</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>house</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._KhT"/>
|
||
<biblScope>VI 245</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
||
<w>vīs-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>yard</q>, <q>settlement</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
|
||
<w>viθ-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>house</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
||
<w>viś-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>settlement</q>, <q>family</q>, <q>generation</q></gloss></mentioned>,
|
||
<mentioned xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
|
||
<w>vьsь</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
||
<w>vesʼ</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>settlement</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
|
||
<w>vieš-patis</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>master</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
|
||
<w>vicus</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>settlement</q>, <q>farm</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
||
<w>οἶκος</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>house</q></gloss></mentioned>. The second part <w>axs</w> (←
|
||
<w><?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20220920T195829+0300" comment="какой язык?"?>āg-s-<?oxy_comment_end ?></w>)
|
||
is referred to the group <ref type="xr" target="#entry_axsǵiag"><w>axsǵiag</w>
|
||
<q>darling</q>, <q>dear</q></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_azun"><w>azun</w>
|
||
<q>give shelter</q>, <q>caress</q></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_axston"><w>axston</w>
|
||
<q>nest</q></ref>; see these words. Therefore, <oRef>siaxs</oRef> (= <w type="rec">visi-āxša-</w>) means actually
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20220920T200218+0300" comment="какой язык?"?><q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">the one who found shelter (<w>āxša-</w>) in the house
|
||
(visi)</q><?oxy_comment_end ?>, <q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">welcomed into the
|
||
house</q>.<note type="footnote">For the second part cf. <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
|
||
<w>axṣ̌aj</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>brother-in-law</q>, <q>sister's husband</q></gloss></mentioned>.</note> As
|
||
for semantic development, cf. <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
||
<w>primak</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>son-in-law accepted into father-in-law's house</q></gloss>
|
||
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(from <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>prinimatʼ</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>. The term reflects the state of
|
||
things in matrilocal marriage when the son-in-law was <q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">welcomed</q> into the wife's house. According to the testimony of ancient authors,
|
||
supported by archaeological data, such a system was typical for the Northern Iranian
|
||
tribes, Sarmatians, Massageteans, Saka, the closest relatives of modern Ossetians
|
||
(<bibl><bibl xml:lang="en"><author>Grakov</author>. <title>Remnants of the matriarchy
|
||
among the Sarmatians</title>.
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230125T142818+0300" comment="?????"?><publisher>VDI</publisher><?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
||
<date>1947</date>
|
||
<biblScope>III 100 ff.</biblScope></bibl></bibl> — <bibl><bibl xml:lang="en"><author>Smirnov.</author>
|
||
<title>Sauromats.</title>
|
||
<pubPlace>Moscow</pubPlace>, <date>1964</date>, <biblScope>p. 200
|
||
ff.</biblScope></bibl></bibl> — <bibl><bibl xml:lang="en"><author>Rostovtsev</author>.
|
||
<title>Hellenism and Iranism in the South of Russia</title>.
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230125T143151+0300" comment="???????"?><pubPlace>Igr.</pubPlace><?oxy_comment_end ?>,
|
||
<date>1918</date>, <biblScope>p. 29, 32</biblScope></bibl></bibl>). According to the
|
||
legend reported by <bibl><author>Herodotus</author>
|
||
<biblScope>(IV 110—116)</biblScope></bibl>, the Sauromats descended from the marriage of
|
||
the Scythians with the Amazons. This marriage was
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230125T143614+0300" comment="????????????/"?><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">matrilocal</hi><?oxy_comment_end ?>: it was not the Scythian
|
||
young men who took the Amazons to live with them, but they themselves were accepted by the
|
||
Amazons. The remnants of matrilocal marriage were preserved among Ossetians until
|
||
recently. In particular, there was a custom: a woman had to give birth to her first child
|
||
not in her husband's house, but in her parents' house (<bibl><bibl xml:lang="en"><author>Magometov</author>. <title>Culture and life of the Ossetian people</title>.
|
||
<pubPlace>Ordzhonikidze</pubPlace>, <date>1968</date>, <biblScope>p.
|
||
366</biblScope></bibl></bibl>). This custom was called <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><w>x˳yndæǵy</w>
|
||
<w>badyn</w></phr></mentioned>; see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_x0yndæg"/>. — If our
|
||
analysis of the word <oRef/> is correct, then, by derivation pattern, it refers to the
|
||
family-social terms well-known in Indo-Iranian languages, having <mentioned xml:lang="inc" extralang="ira"><w>viś-</w>, <w>vis-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>house</q></gloss></mentioned> in the first part of the compound: <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
||
<w>viśpati-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>householder</q></gloss>, <w>viśpatnī-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>housewife</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
||
<w>vispaiti-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>head of a rural community</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
|
||
<w>vispuhr</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>son of the (royal) house</q>, <q>prince</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
||
<w>wyspyδʼr</w> id. <note type="bibl">(<bibl><bibl xml:lang="en"><author>Benveniste</author>. <title>Titres et nomes propres en iranien
|
||
ancien</title>. <pubPlace>Paris</pubPlace>, <date>1966</date>, <biblScope>p.
|
||
24</biblScope></bibl></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
|
||
<w>bisīvārāṣṣai</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>son of a (noble) house</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._KhT"/>
|
||
<biblScope>IV 9</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.</etym>
|
||
</entry>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</text>
|
||
</TEI> |