311 lines
No EOL
18 KiB
XML
311 lines
No EOL
18 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">somy</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_somy" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d898e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>somy</orth></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>somi</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d898e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>клятва</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>vow (n.)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>somy kænyn</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">клясться</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">vow (v.)</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>божиться</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>swear</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>зарекаться</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>forswear</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ard"><w>ard</w>
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<q>клятва</q></ref>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><w>ard</w>
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<w>xæryn</w></phr>
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<gloss><q>клясться</q></gloss></mentioned> (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ard"/>,
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<mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><w>ard</w>
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<w>xæryn</w></phr></mentioned> звучат более торжественно, чем <oRef>somy</oRef>,
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<mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><oRef>somy</oRef>
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<w>kænyn</w></phr></mentioned>); ср. также <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wasxæ" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>wasxæ</w>
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<gloss><q>клятва</q></gloss></ref>. — </note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ard"><w>ard</w>
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<q>oath</q></ref>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><w>ard</w>
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<w>xæryn</w></phr>
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<gloss><q>make an oath</q></gloss></mentioned> (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ard"/>,
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<mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><w>ard</w>
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<w>xæryn</w></phr></mentioned> sound more solemnly than <oRef>somy</oRef>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><phr><oRef>somy</oRef>
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<w>kænyn</w></phr></mentioned>); cf. also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wasxæ" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>wasxæ</w>
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<gloss><q>vow</q></gloss></ref>. — </note>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>somygond</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">поклявшийся</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">vowed</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>зарекшийся</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>sworn off</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>somyqom</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(уверенный в чем-либо и потому) способный,
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могущий поклясться</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(confident in something and therefore) capable,
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able to swear</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>somy</oRef> jyl bakodton
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(x˳ysnægyl)</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я зарекся (красть)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I have pledged (not to steal)</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>98</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ardygæj fæstæmæ... <oRef>basomy</oRef> kænʒæn
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myggagmæ tælætyl</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">отныне он навсегда заречется совершать
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набеги</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">from now on, he will forever renounce
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raiding</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>135</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">k˳yd ūdon ūs æmæ læg wyʒysty, ūwyl
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<oRef>somy</oRef> bakodtoj, ard baxordtoj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">они побожились, (торжественно) поклялись, что
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будут женой и мужем</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they swore, (solemnly) vowed that they would be
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wife and husband</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>27</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>somy</oRef> dyn kænyn warzonʒīnadæj,
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ard dyn xæryn æcægʒinadæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">заверяю тебя любовью, клянусь тебе правдой</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I assure you with love, I swear to you the
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truth</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>39</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ma <oRef>somy</oRef> kæn æppyndær: madær
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arvæj..., madær zæxxæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">не клянись вовсе: ни небом... ни землею</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Swear not at all; neither by heaven... nor by
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the earth</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Матфей"/>
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<biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">5</hi> 34—35</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bawwændun æj kodta æ somitæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он убедил его своими клятвами</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he convinced him with his vows</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>35</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">somi mærdtæj ma kænæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">не клянись мертвыми</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">do not swear by the dead</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
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<biblScope>80</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kænun æz somi, kud dæddun sin mæ
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kizgi</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">клянусь, что отдам им свою дочь</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I swear that I will give them my daughter</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
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<biblScope>99</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">aci tawæræq ænæmængæ ke ʽj, obæl zærond
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muddartæ somi kænuncæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">что эта история не вымышленная, в этом клянутся
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старые пасечники</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the old beekeepers swear that this story is not
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fictional</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 96</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...cæmæj æ somijæn æcæg adtaidæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...чтобы быть верным своей клятве</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...to be true to your vow</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 6</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Неотделимо от <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>sāma</w>
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<gloss><q>клятва</q>, <q>присяга</q>, <q>договор</q>,
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<q>контракт</q></gloss></mentioned>. Оба слова следует, быть может, сближать с
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<lang>др.инд. (вед.)</lang>
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<w>Sam-</w>
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<gloss><q>Ritualruf</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Wüst</author>, <title>Festschrift für L. Lotz</title>,
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<date>1960</date>, <biblScope>стр. 598</biblScope></bibl>)</note>. С семантической
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стороны соблазнительно также возведение к
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<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221023T171807+0300" comment="иран?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">sahman-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, имея в виду
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<mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>s<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221023T172030+0300" comment="не уверена, что это именно то"?>ᶏ<?oxy_comment_end ?>h-</w>
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<gloss><q>возвещать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>śaṁs-</w>
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<gloss><q>торжественно возглашать</q>, <q>давать обет</q></gloss>, <w>śaṁsa-</w>
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<gloss><q>торжественное слово</q>, <q>благословение</q>,
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<q>проклятие</q></gloss></mentioned>;
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<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221023T171807+0300" comment="иран?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">sahman-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> →
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<oRef>som(i)</oRef>, как <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">kahman-</w></mentioned>
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→ <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kom_1"/> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
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<biblScope>599</biblScope></bibl>). — <name>Bailey</name> усматривает в
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<oRef>somy</oRef>
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<q>клятва</q> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_somun"><w>somun</w>
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<q>веять зерно</q></ref> одну и ту же базу
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<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221023T172717+0300" comment="иран?"?><m>sam-</m><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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со значением <q>соответствовать</q>, <q>подходить</q> и пр. (<bibl><title>Rocznik
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Orientalistyczny</title>
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<date>1957</date>
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<biblScope>XXI 60</biblScope></bibl>).<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSt."/>
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<biblScope>84</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">It is unseparable from <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>sāma</w>
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<gloss><q>vow</q>, <q>oath</q>, <q>agreement</q>, <q>contract</q></gloss></mentioned>.
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Both words should, perhaps, be brought closer to <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old" extralang="sa-vaidika"><lang/>
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<w>Sam-</w>
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<gloss><q>Ritualruf</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Wüst</author>, <title>Festschrift für L. Lotz</title>,
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<date>1960</date>, <biblScope>p. 598</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. As
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for the semantics, it is also tempting to trace it back to
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<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221023T171807+0300" comment="иран?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">sahman-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, bearing in mind
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<mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>s<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221023T172030+0300" comment="не уверена, что это именно то"?>ᶏ<?oxy_comment_end ?>h-</w>
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<gloss><q>anounce</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>śaṁs-</w>
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<gloss><q>solemnly proclaim</q>, <q>make a vow</q></gloss>, <w>śaṁsa-</w>
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<gloss><q>a solemn word</q>, <q>blessing</q>, <q>curse</q></gloss></mentioned>;
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<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221023T171807+0300" comment="иран?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">sahman-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> →
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<oRef>som(i)</oRef>, like <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">kahman-</w></mentioned> → <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kom_1"/> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
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<biblScope>599</biblScope></bibl>). — <name>Bailey</name> sees in <oRef>somy</oRef>
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<q>vow</q> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_somun"><w>somun</w>
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<q>winnow grain</q></ref> the same stem
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<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221023T172717+0300" comment="иран?"?><m>sam-</m><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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with the meaning <q>match</q>, <q>suite</q> etc. (<bibl><title>Rocznik
|
||
Orientalistyczny</title>
|
||
<date>1957</date>
|
||
<biblScope>XXI 60</biblScope></bibl>).<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSt."/>
|
||
<biblScope>84</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
||
</entry>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</text>
|
||
</TEI> |