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241 lines
No EOL
14 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">syḱʼī</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_syḱʼī" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="russian-questions">
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<form xml:id="form_d4837e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>syḱʼī</orth></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ᵆskʼe</orth><form type="variant"><orth>sikʼe</orth></form></form>
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<sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>серна</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>chamois</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Сapella rupicapra</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>Capella rupicapra</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<note type="bibl"><bibl><author>Pallas</author>. <title>Zoographia
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Rosso-Asiatica</title>. <date>1801</date>: <biblScope>zekü <gloss><q>Antilope
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rupicapra</q></gloss></biblScope></bibl></note>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> — парнокопытное из семейства антилоп, до 1 метра в
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длину, с небольшими рогами, концы которых загнуты назад; наряду с горным туром (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒæbīdyr"/>) была излюбленным объектом охоты у горцев
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Кавказа</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> — artiodactyl from the antelope family, up to one
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meter in length, with small horns, the edges of which are bent back; along with
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mountain ox (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒæbīdyr"/>), it was a preferred object of
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hunting among the highlanders of the Caucasus</note>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>syḱʼīʒarm</orth></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>skʼeʒar</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">шкура серны</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">chamois skin</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>syḱʼīʒwan</orth></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>skʼegawæn</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">охота на серну</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">chamois hunting</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">īw ærægvæzzæg cwany acyd, izæræj
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<oRef>syḱʼī</oRef>-cæw amardta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">однажды поздней осенью он пошел на охоту, к
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вечеру убил серну-самца</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">one late autumn he went hunting, in the evening
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he killed a male chamois</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>77</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tīǧæj <oRef>syḱʼīty</oRef> kʼord
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ærbazynd</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">из-за выступа показалась группа серн</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a group of chamois showed up from behind the
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ledge</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>121</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cʼæx <oRef>syḱʼījy</oRef> kʼæʒ
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sykʼatæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">изогнутые рога серой серны...</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">curved horns of gray chamois...</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Хар._Кадӕг"/>
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<biblScope>39</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>sykʼī</oRef>, ʒæbīdyr cæǧdynmæ xoxmæ
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Gujman færast īs</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Гуйман отправился в гору бить серн (и)
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туров</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Guiman went uphill to hunt the chamois (and)
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mountain oxes</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Niger"/>
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<biblScope>174</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Kʼæbysty Bolatmæ dywwæ egary wyd æmæ jyn aly
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xsæv dær kænæ sæg˳yty, kænæ <oRef>syḱʼījy</oRef> mard xastoj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у Болата Кабисова было две борзых, и они каждую
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ночь приносили ему мертвую косулю либо серну</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Bolat Kabisov had two greyhounds, and every
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night they brought him a dead roe deer or a chamois</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
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<biblScope>III 100</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fīzonæg kodta <oRef>syḱʼījy</oRef>
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farsæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он готовил шашлык из бока серны</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he cooked a kebab from the flank of chamois</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Niger"/>
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<biblScope>176</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(wælvæzy) <oRef>syḱʼīty</oRef> ræǧaw
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systad</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(на горном плато) поднялось стадо серн</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(on a mountain plateau) a herd of chamois
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rose</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
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<biblScope>50</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">qæwwontæ sagtæ ʽmæ <oRef>syḱʼītæm</oRef>
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cydysty cwan kænynmæ wæd</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сельчане отправлялись тогда охотиться на оленей
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и серн</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the villagers then went to hunt deer and
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chamois</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
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<biblScope>1958 III 17</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wælcʼongitæj <oRef>æskʼetæ</oRef> kæsuncæ
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furænkʼard</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">из-за горных вершин печально глядят серны</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">chamois look sadly from behind the mountain
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peaks</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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<biblScope>26</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Ираноязычные предки осетин — сарматские племена — были степняками.
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Поэтому специфические термины горного ландшафта, горной флоры и фауны в осетинском
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преимущественно кавказского происхождения (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>I 48—51</biblScope></bibl>). Сюда относится и название серны; оно
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примыкает к <mentioned xml:lang="xmf"><lang/>
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<w>skweri</w>, <w>skeri</w>
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<gloss><q>серна</q></gloss></mentioned> (чему закономерно отвечает <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>šveli</w></mentioned> id.). Существует, возможно, исконная связь между картвельскими
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словами и <mentioned xml:lang="ady" extralang="kbd"><lang/>
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<w>škʼā</w>
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<gloss><q>теленок</q></gloss></mentioned>. Характерно, что в осетинском отражен чистый
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корень <c>ske</c> без суффикса-детерминанта <c>-r-</c>. Заимствование из <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>ečki</w>, <w>eški</w>
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<gloss><q>коза</q></gloss></mentioned> менее вероятно. Случайно также созвучие с
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<mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>āska-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>āsūke</w>
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<gloss><q>олень</q></gloss></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>49, 327, 328</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">The Iranian-speaking ancestors of the Ossetians, the Sarmatian tribes,
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were steppe dwellers. Therefore, the specific terms of the mountain landscape, mountain
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flora and fauna in Ossetian are predominantly of Caucasian origin (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>I 48—51</biblScope></bibl>). This includes the name of
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the chamois; it is related to <mentioned xml:lang="xmf"><lang/>
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<w>skweri</w>, <w>skeri</w>
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<gloss><q>chamois</q></gloss></mentioned> (with natural correspondence in <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>šveli</w></mentioned> id.). There may be an original connection between Kartvelian
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words and <mentioned xml:lang="ady" extralang="kbd"><lang/>
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<w>škʼā</w>
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<gloss><q>calf</q></gloss></mentioned>. It is noteworthy that the pure stem <c>ske</c>
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is reflected in Ossetian without determinant suffix <c>-r-</c>. Borrowing from <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>ečki</w>, <w>eški</w>
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<gloss><q>goat</q></gloss></mentioned> is less probable. Consonance with <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>āska-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>āsūke</w>
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<gloss><q>deer</q></gloss></mentioned> is also accidental.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
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<biblScope>49, 327, 328</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI> |