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15 KiB
XML
236 lines
No EOL
15 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">wæxst</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_wæxst" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d1901e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>wæxst</orth></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>uxst</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1901e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>вертел для изготовления шашлыка (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_fīzonæg"/>)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>spit for preparing a kebab (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_fīzonæg"/>)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<formGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<form xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="plural" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><gram/>
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<orth>uxstæltæ</orth><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> рядом c </note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> along with </note><form type="variant"><orth>uxstitæ</orth></form></form>
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</formGrp>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>xædzīlgæ wæxst</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">самовертящийся вертел</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">self-turning spit</q>
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</tr>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (в сказках)</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (in fairytales)</note>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>wæxstag</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">материал (прутья) на вертел</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">material (rods) for a spit</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">. В домашних условиях пользовались металлическими
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вертелами, но в полевых условиях, в пути, на охоте — самодельными из прутьев</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">. In house conditions metal spits were used, but in
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field conditions, on the road, on the hunt they utilized self-made spits from
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rods</note>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">aftæ bakæn æmæ fīzonæg dær k˳ynnæ basūʒa æmæ
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<oRef>wæxst</oRef> dær</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сделай так, чтобы и шашлык не обгорел, и
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вертел</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">make sure a kebab and a spit don't get
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burnt</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><biblScope xml:lang="ru">поговорка</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">proverb</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">īw ærægvæzzæg Sadullæ cwany acyd; izæræj
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syḱʼī-cæw amardta, kʼæʒæx ræbynmæ jæ balasta, art yskodta, bærz <oRef>wæxstytyl</oRef>
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nard fīzonǵytæ nyssaǧta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">однажды поздней осенью Садулла пошел на охоту;
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к вечеру убил серну-самца, подтащил его под скалу, развел огонь, на березовые
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вертелы насадил жирные шашлыки</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">one day in late autumn Sadullæ went hunting; by
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the evening he killed a he-chamois, dragged it under a cliff, lit the fire, on birch
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spits [he] impaled fatty kebabs</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>77</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>wæxstyl</oRef> dæ sfīzonæg
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kænænt</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пусть тебя на вертеле превратят в шашлык</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">may you be turned into a kebab on a spit</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
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<biblScope>148</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(wæjyg Wyryzmæǵy) xædzilgæ wæxstyl bakæny...
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æmæ jyn zæǧy wæxstæn: ʒæbæx myn æj ysfyc</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(ваюг Урызмага) насаживает на самовертящийся
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вертел и говорит ему, вертелу: изжарь мне его хорошенько</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(wæjyg) impales (Wyryzmæg) on a self-turning
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spit and tells it, the spit: fry him well for me</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
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<biblScope>42</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">læppū wæxstægtæ rakodta, zærond lægmæ sæ
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radta: <oRef>wæxstytæ</oRef> saraz dy</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">юноша нарубил прутьев на вертелы, передал их
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старику (говоря): наделай ты вертелы</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a young man chopped rods for spits, gave them
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to an old man (saying): may you make the spits</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
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<biblScope>II 237</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">duwwadæs æmbalemæj lægæn ærtæ
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<oRef>uxsti</oRef> fezonæg iskodtoncæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">для двенадцати товарищей на каждого человека
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сделали по три вертела шашлыка</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">for twelve comrades, for each person [they]
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made three spits of kebab</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
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<biblScope>209</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xestærtæ, sæ raxes kʼoxti wacamongæ saw
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bægæniæj iʒag, sæ galew kʼoxti darǧ <oRef>uxst</oRef> æxsærfænbælttæj iʒag, otemæj
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ragagidawæ kodtoncæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">старшие, (держа) в правых руках по (чаше)
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<foreign>wacamongæ</foreign>, полной черного пива, в левых руках по длинному
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вертелу, полному шашлыков из бараньих внутренностей, произнесли тост</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the elders, (holding) in their right hands
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<foreign>wacamongæ</foreign> (bowls), full of black beer, (holding) in their left
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hands long spits full of kebabs, made of sheep entrails, said a toast</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
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<date>1949</date>
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<biblScope>II 28</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ræwæg kæstærtæ ærtæ kʼerej ma æxsærfænbælttæ
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æfsæn <oRef>uxstbæl</oRef> cavd æraxæssuncæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">проворные младшие выносят три (ритуальных)
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пирога и шашлыки из бараньих внутренностей, насаженные на железный вертел</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">prompt youngers carry three (ritual) pies and
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kebabs from sheep entrails, impaled on an iron spit</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
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<biblScope>62<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">308–310</hi></biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">duwwæ uxsti fezongutæj rajʒag kodta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">два вертела он заполнил шашлыками</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">two spits he filled with kebabs</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 23</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Восстанавливаемое <w type="rec">waxsti</w> трудно отделить от <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>akštìs</w>
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<gloss><q>вертел, на который насаживают рыбу для копчения</q></gloss></mentioned>.
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Начальный <c>w-</c> — либо вторичное наращение (как в <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang>русском</lang>
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<w>острый</w> → <w>вострый</w></mentioned>), либо результат контаминации c <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wīs"><w>wīs</w>
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<gloss><q>прут</q></gloss></ref> .Ср. также <mentioned xml:lang="sqj"><lang/>
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<w>ušt</w>
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<gloss><q>колос</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>ость</w></mentioned>. <bibl><author>Bailey</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
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<date>1960</date>
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<biblScope>XXIII 32</biblScope>)</bibl> усматривает в <oRef/>
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<gloss><q>вертел</q></gloss> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wæxsk"><w>wæxsk</w>
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<gloss><q>плечо</q></gloss></ref> одну и ту же основу <w type="rec">waxš-</w> с
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объединяющим значением <gloss><q>pointed thing</q></gloss>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">It is hard to separate the reconstructed <w type="rec">waxsti</w> from
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<mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>akštìs</w>
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<gloss><q>spit on which fish is skewered for smoking</q></gloss></mentioned>. The
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initial <c>w-</c> is either the secondary augmentation (as in <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>ostryj</w> → <w>vostryj</w></mentioned>), or the result of lexical blending with <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wīs_1"><w>wīs</w>
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<gloss><q>twig</q></gloss></ref>. Cf. also <mentioned xml:lang="sqj"><lang/>
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<w>ušt</w>
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<gloss><q>ear</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>ost'</w></mentioned>. <bibl><author>Bailey</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
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<date>1960</date>
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<biblScope>XXIII 32</biblScope>)</bibl> sees in <oRef/>
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<gloss><q>spit</q></gloss> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wæxsk"><w>wæxsk</w>
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<gloss><q>shoulder</q></gloss></ref> the same stem <w type="rec">waxš-</w> with a
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unifying meaning <gloss><q>pointed thing</q></gloss>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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||
</text>
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||
</TEI> |