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174 lines
No EOL
14 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">wajsadyn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_wajsadyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d5531e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>wajsadyn</orth> <form type="participle"><orth>wajsæst</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>wajsadun</orth> <form type="participle"><orth>wajsæst</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5531e69">
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<def xml:lang="ru">предписываемый молодой невестке обычай не говорить вслух при взрослых
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мужчинах, в особенности при свекре и старших деверях</def>
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<def xml:lang="en">a custom prescribed to young newly wed women not to talk in the
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presence older men, especially the father-in-law and the older brother-in-laws</def>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>wadjsadæg ḱynʒ</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">невестка, соблюдающая обычай
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<foreign>wajsadyn</foreign></q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">woman adhering to the
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<foreign>wajsadyn</foreign> custom</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">. Невестки постарше соблюдали этот обычай менее строго, а
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то и совсем освобождались от него. При этом снятие запрета оформлялось как обряд, с
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закланием жертвенного животного. По этому поводу существует следующий рассказ. Свекор стал
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тяготиться тем, что невестка не говорит в его присутствии, и решил освободить ее от этого
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запрета. Для этого он, как положено, зарезал барана. Однако <q rend="#rend_doublequotes">эмансипированная</q> невестка оказалась такой зубастой, что через некоторое время
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свекор взмолился: <q rend="#rend_doublequotes">Зарежу быка, только бы она снова
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замолчала</q></note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">. As wedded women became older, they need not observe
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this custom as strictly, sometimes even being freed of it. Lifting this custom involved
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killing a sacrificial animal. There is a folktale about this: the father-in-law became
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upset about his daughter-in-law not talking in his presence, and he decided to free her
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from this custom. As needed, he slaughtered a ram for this purpose. But the
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<q>emancipated</q> daughter-in-law turned out to talk back a lot, so the father-in-law
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pleaded: <q>I would even slaughter a bull so that she never talked again.</q></note>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d5531e75">
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ḱynʒæxsævy fæstæ īw nog ḱynʒ nyrma ysʒyrdta
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xæʒary æmæ qæwy kæstær ḱyzǵytæm; stæjʼkoyd darddær — læppūtæm; azy kæronmæ xīstær
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fajnūstmæ æmæ æfsīnmæ; xīstær tīwmæ, xīcawmæ æmæ myggaǵy zærættæm swang jæ amælæn
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bonmæ kodta <oRef>wajsadgæ</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">после свадьбы молодая невестка сперва
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заговаривала с младшими девушками дома и аула; потом постепенно — с мальчиками; к
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концу года — со старшей ятровью и свекровью; со старшим же деверем, свекром и
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стариками аула она до самого дня смерти соблюдала обычай
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<foreign>wajsadyn</foreign></q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">after the wedding the newly wed wife first
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started talking to younger women of the household and of the aul; then, gradually,
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with boys; nearing the end the year, with her older sister-in-law and her
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mother-in-law; but she complied with the <foreign>wajsadyn</foreign> custom with her
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older brother-in-law, her father-in-law and the old men of the aul until her death
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</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
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<biblScope>1962 VII 67</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>wajsadæg</oRef> ḱynʒaw
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nykʼkʼæmʒæstyg</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он смутился, как невестка, соблюдающая обычай
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<foreign>wajsadyn</foreign></q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he was embarrassed like a woman observing the
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custom of <foreign>wajsadyn</foreign></q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>97</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">næwægḱynʒ <oRef>wajsadag</oRef> væjjy
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fyccag</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">молодая невестка на первых порах строго
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соблюдает <foreign>wajsadyn</foreign></q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">at first the young, newly wed wife observes
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<foreign>wajsadyn</foreign> very strictly</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
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<biblScope>10<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">69</hi></biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tīw k˳yd <oRef>wajsada</oRef>, ḱynʒ dær
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aftæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">как деверь следует обычаю
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<foreign>wajsadyn</foreign> <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (соблюдает
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скромность, такт, деликатность в отношении невестки)</note> <note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (соблюдает скромность, такт, деликатность в отношении
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невестки)</note>, так <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(это делает) и
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невестка<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (в отношении деверя)</note> <note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (в отношении деверя)</note></note> <note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(это делает) и невестка<note type="comment"> (в
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отношении деверя)</note></note></q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">how a brother-in-law adhers to
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<foreign>wajsadyn</foreign> <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (соблюдает
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скромность, такт, деликатность в отношении невестки)</note> <note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (being humble, considerate and delicate in the presence of his
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sister-in-law), and so (does) his sister-in-law <note type="comment"> (around
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him)</note></note></q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">
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<biblScope>proverb</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">læppū, <oRef>wajsadæg</oRef> ḱynʒy cæmæn
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æfsærmy kænys?</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мальчик, почему ты вгоняешь в стыд соблюдающую
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<foreign>wajsadyn</foreign> невестку?</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">boy, why are you shaming the woman adhering to
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<foreign>wajsadyn</foreign>?</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Илас"/>
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<biblScope>83</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Из <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w type="rec">waʒ-sadyn</w> буквально
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<gloss><q rend="#rend_doublequotes">затенять, таить <note type="comment">(<ref type="xr" target="#entry_sadyn"><w>sadyn</w></ref>) </note>речь<note type="comment"> (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_wac"><w>waʒ</w></ref>)</note></q></gloss></mentioned>, с закономерным <c>ʒ</c> → <c>j</c>.
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Для первой части см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wac"><w>wac</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_waʒæn"><w>waʒæn</w></ref> и пр., ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wajʒæf"><w>wajʒæf</w> <gloss><q>упрек</q></gloss></ref> из <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w type="rec">waʒ-ʒæf</w> <gloss><q rend="#rend_doublequotes">удар
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словом</q></gloss></mentioned>. Для второй ср. <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/> <w>čhad-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/> <w>čhādayati</w> <gloss><q>покрывать</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>затенять</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>прятать</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>таить</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>держать в тайне</q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>čhannam</w> <gloss><q>втайне</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>тихо</q></gloss></mentioned>. Этот же глагол с превербом <w>ā-</w>
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распознается в <mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/> <w>asadyn</w> <note type="comment">(=<mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/> <w>āčhādaya-</w></mentioned>)</note> <gloss><q>становиться
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облачным</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>покрываться облаками</q></gloss></mentioned>
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(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/> <biblScope>76</biblScope></bibl>).</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">From <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w type="rec">waʒ-sadyn</w> literally
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<gloss><q rend="#rend_doublequotes">shadow, hide <note type="comment">(<ref type="xr" target="#entry_sadyn"><w>sadyn</w></ref>) </note>speech<note type="comment"> (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_wac"><w>waʒ</w></ref>)</note></q></gloss></mentioned>, with the regular shift of <c>ʒ</c>
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→ <c>j</c>. For the first part, see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wac"><w>wac</w></ref>,
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_waʒæn"><w>waʒæn</w></ref> etc., cf <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wajʒæf"><w>wajʒæf</w> <gloss><q>reproach</q></gloss></ref> from <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w type="rec">waʒ-ʒæf</w> <gloss><q rend="#rend_doublequotes">a hit with
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the word</q></gloss></mentioned>. For the second part compare <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/> <w>čhad-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/> <w>čhādayati</w> <gloss><q>cover</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>shadow</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>hide</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>conceal</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>keep a
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secret</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>čhannam</w> <gloss><q>secretly</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>quietly</q></gloss></mentioned>. The same verb with the preverb <w>ā-</w> is
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recognisable in <mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/> <w>asadyn</w> <note type="comment">(=<mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/> <w>āčhādaya-</w></mentioned>)</note> <gloss><q>become cloudy</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>cover with clouds</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/> <biblScope>76</biblScope></bibl>).</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI> |