abaev-xml/entries/abaev_xætæl.xml
2025-03-21 13:42:40 +03:00

310 lines
No EOL
16 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">xætæl</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. AKʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">????</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "" "";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
</tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_xætæl" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
<form xml:id="form_d3537e66" type="lemma"><orth>xætæl</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d3537e69" n="1">
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>стебель</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>stalk</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense n="2">
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>труба</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>pipe</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>трубка</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>tube</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
</sense>
<sense n="3">
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>ствол ружья</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>gun barrel</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>ружье</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>rifle</q>
</abv:tr>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (на языке охотников, вместо <ref type="xr" target="#entry_topp_1"/>)</note>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (in the language of hunters, instead of <ref type="xr" target="#entry_topp_1"/>)</note>
</sense>
</sense>
<sense xml:lang="os-x-digor" n="4">
<usg><lang/></usg>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>свирель</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>flute</q>
</abv:tr>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; и. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wadynʒ"/> id</note>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; Iron <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wadynʒ"/>
id</note>
</sense>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" n="1">
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">īwgæjttæj agūrys farony
<oRef>xætæltæ</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ты ищешь (для пропитания) одинокие прошлогодние
стебельки</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">you are looking for lonely last yearʼs stalks
(to use as food)</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
<biblScope>36</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bydyry xūs <oRef>xætæltyl</oRef> art
sīrvæzt</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в степи загорелись сухие стебли</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dry stems caught fire in the steppe</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Аргъ."/>
<biblScope>27</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ænæmīt zymæg wydīs æmæ x˳ymty
<oRef>xætæl</oRef> æmbyrd kodtoj æmæ syǧtoj</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">была бесснежная зима, и (люди) собирали на
полях стебли и жгли</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">it was a snowless winter, and (people) gathered
stems in the fields and burned them</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
<biblScope>1961 IV 23</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sæ qūlon bæx <oRef>xætæltyl</oRef>
xīzy</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">их пегая лошадь пасется на стеблях (на
стерне)</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">their piebald horse grazes on the stalks (on
the stubble)</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bar."/>
<biblScope>96</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" n="2">
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">inkubatormæ ǧar cæwuj
<oRef>xætæltæbæl</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в инкубаторы тепло поступает по трубам</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">heat is supplied to the incubators through
pipes</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_FS"/>
<biblScope>V 58</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" n="3">
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">toppy <oRef>xætælyl</oRef> fæbyry mælʒyg,
ʒyxmæ sxæccæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">по стволу ружья ползет муравей, достиг дула</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">an ant is crawling along the barrel of a gun,
it has reached the muzzle</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нафи"/>
<biblScope>219</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æz <oRef>avdxætælon</oRef> qrīmag
sivtyǧton</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я зарядил семиствольное крымское ружье</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I loaded a seven-barreled Crimean gun</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
<biblScope>II 364</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Ors Eliaj kʼæræxtæ næ woʒænæncæ, fal Wæxatægi
furt minkʼij Xujmani <oRef>xætæli</oRef> ǧærtæ ʽncæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">то не гром Белого Елиа, но выстрелы ружья
маленького Хуймана сына Уахатага</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">this is not the thunder of White Elia, but the
shots of the gun of little Huiman, son of Wakhatag</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
<biblScope>II 130</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Acæmæz... isarazuj æ fidi xæzna — saw
æftudditæ suǧzærīnæ <oRef>xætæl</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Ацамаз налаживает (унаследованное) от отца
сокровище — золотую свирель с черной насечкой</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Atsamaz repairs the treasure (inherited) from
his father, a golden pipe with a black notch</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
<biblScope>55<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">25—27</hi></biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æ <oRef>xætæli</oRef> caǧd zærdæ
ælxænuj</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">его игра на свирели пленяет сердце</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">his flute playing captivates the heart</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
<biblScope>60<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">251</hi></biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æ zaræn <oRef>xætæl</oRef> niccaǧta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он заиграл на своей певучей свирели</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he played his melodious flute</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes."/>
<biblScope>106</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">siwincux <oRef>xætæl</oRef>...</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">свирель с роговым наконечником...</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">horn-tipped flute...</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
<biblScope>221</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fijjawtæ <oRef>xætælæj</oRef> ojasæ isdæsni
æncæ æma kæræʒej ʒubandi lædærdtæncæ <oRef>xætælæj</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пастухи стали настолько искусны (в игре) на
свирели, что понимали речь друг друга с помощью свирели</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the shepherds became so skillful (in playing)
flute that they understood each otherʼs speech with the help of the flute</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
<biblScope>221</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Wærxæg... duwwadæs baagurdta
<oRef>xætælc</oRef> æǧdgutæj, duwwadæs ba kafgutæj otemaj ranæxstær æj
(osgor)</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Уархаг отыскал 12 свирельников, 12 плясунов и
таким образом отправился (свататься)</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Warkhag found 12 pipes, 12 dancers and thus set
off (to woo)</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
<biblScope>II 75</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Вероятно, субстратного (кавказского) происхождения. Ср. <mentioned xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
<w>xetolg</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
<w>xutal</w>
<gloss><q>стебель вьющегося или ползучего растения</q></gloss><note type="bibl">
(<bibl><title xml:lang="ru">Инг.-чеч.-русск. сл.</title>
<pubPlace xml:lang="ru">Грозный</pubPlace>, <date>1962</date>, <biblScope xml:lang="ru">стр. 166</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">стр.
166</biblScope></bibl>). — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Мациев"/>
<biblScope>454</biblScope></bibl></note></mentioned>), <mentioned xml:lang="sva"><lang/>
<w>satäl</w>
<gloss><q>подзорная труба</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sva"><lang/>
<w>kʼvädäl</w>
<gloss><q>прут</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xītalæg"/>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">Probably of substrate (Caucasian) origin. Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
<w>xetolg</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
<w>xutal</w>
<gloss><q>stem of a vine or climbing plant</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><title xml:lang="en">Ing.-čeč.-russk. sl. [Ingush-Chechen-Russian dictionary]</title>.
<pubPlace xml:lang="en">Grozny</pubPlace>, <date>1962</date>, <biblScope xml:lang="ru">стр. 166</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">p.
166</biblScope></bibl>). — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Мациев"/>
<biblScope>454</biblScope></bibl></note></mentioned>), <mentioned xml:lang="sva"><lang/>
<w>satäl</w>
<gloss><q>spyglass</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sva"><lang/>
<w>kʼvädäl</w>
<gloss><q>rod</q></gloss></mentioned>. Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xītalæg"/>.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>