216 lines
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14 KiB
XML
216 lines
No EOL
14 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">zūlkʼ</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_zūlkʼ" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<form xml:id="form_d1065e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>zūlkʼ</orth></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>zolkʼæ</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1065e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>червь</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>worm</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>червяк</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>wormling</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_duazolkʼæ" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>duazolkʼæ</w>
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<gloss><q>пиявка</q></gloss></ref> (см.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
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<biblScope>371</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_duazolkʼæ" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>duazolkʼæ</w>
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<gloss><q>leech</q></gloss></ref> (see: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ИЭС_I"/>
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<biblScope>371</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>zūlḱʼyty bon</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">день червей</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">day of worms</q>
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</tr>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> — четверг последней недели великого поста, когда
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молились, чтобы черви не вредили растениям (<bibl><author>Чибиров</author>.
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<title>Народный земледельческий календарь осетин</title>.
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<pubPlace>Цхинвали</pubPlace>, <date>1976</date>, <biblScope>стр.
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137</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> – Thursday of the last week of Lent, when people
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prayed that worms would not harm plants (<bibl><author>Čibirov</author>.
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<title>Narodnyj zemledelʹčeskij kalendarʹ osetin [National agricultural calendar
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of Ossetians]</title>. <pubPlace>Tskhinvali</pubPlace>, <date>1976</date>,
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<biblScope>p. 137</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wallon, <oRef>zulḱʼytæ</oRef>, qændīl,
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cʼyscʼysag fag k˳y nyqq˳yrync, xūr, dæ cardy xos</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">дождевой червь, червяки, жук, кузнечик вдоволь
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глотают, о солнце, твой живительный эликсир</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">an earthworm, worms, a beetle, a grasshopper
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swallow your life-giving elixir, oh sun</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Niger"/>
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<biblScope>84</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">næltæ, siltæ... nad næmuncæ
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<oRef>zolkʼitaw</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мужчины, женщины копошатся на дороге, как
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черви</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">men, women are swarming on the road like
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worms</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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<biblScope>7</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xucaw rarvista (paxomparmæ) ors
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<oRef>zolkʼitæ</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">бог послал (к пророку) белых червей</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">God sent white worms (to the prophet)</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">из предания
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<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Как появились пчелы</q></note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">from the legend <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">How
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bees appeared</q></note>; <ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 94</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xucaw zaǧta <oRef>zolkʼitæn</oRef>: cæj,
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bazurgin isotæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">бог сказал червям: станьте крылатыми</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">God said to the worms: become winged</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">там
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же</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">from the legend <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">How bees appeared</q></note>; <ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 94</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к названию <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><gloss><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">пиявки</hi></gloss>
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<w type="rec">zaluka</w></mentioned>. Ср. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>zalū</w>, <w>zālū</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
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<w>zalū</w>, <w>zalūg</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="tg"><lang/>
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<w>zulluk</w>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><title>Русско-тадж. сл.</title>
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<pubPlace>М.</pubPlace>, <date>1949</date>, <biblScope>стр.
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489</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
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<w>žarāɣ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>žawara</w>
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<note type="comment">(из <w type="rec">žarwa</w>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
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<biblScope>106</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang>Др.инд.</lang>
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<w>ǰalūkā-</w></mentioned> считается иранским заимствованием (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Mayrhofer"/>
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<biblScope>I 423 sq.</biblScope></bibl>). Из иранского идут также тюркские формы:
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<mentioned xml:lang="uz"><lang/>
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<w>zuluk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ug"><lang/>
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<w>zülük</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ky"><lang/>
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<w>zülük</w>, <w>sülük</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="tr" extralang="kum tk"><lang/>
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<w>sülük</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="nog"><lang/>
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<w>sülik</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cjs"><lang/>
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<w>šülük</w>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
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<biblScope>IV 1111</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="tt-x-kazan"><lang/>
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<w>sölek</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kk"><lang/>
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<w>sülik</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cv"><lang/>
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<w>sələx</w>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Räsänen._Versuch"/>
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<biblScope>436</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. В осетинский слово вошло,
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судя по огласовке, через тюркское посредство (<mentioned xml:lang="uz"><lang/>
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<w>zuluk</w></mentioned>). Редукция и исчезновение второго гласного — как в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_būlkʼ"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">būlkʼ</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">bolgæ</w>
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<gloss><q>редька</q></gloss></ref> из <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>bolok’i</w></mentioned>. <mentioned xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang>Др.иран.</lang>
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<w>kṛmi-</w>
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<gloss><q>червь</q></gloss></mentioned> дало <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kalm" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>kalm</w>
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<gloss><q>змея</q></gloss></ref>, но это слово употребляется и в значении <q>червь</q>
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(например: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 94</biblScope></bibl>).</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to the name of <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><gloss><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">leech</hi></gloss>
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<w type="rec">zaluka</w></mentioned>. Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>zalū</w>, <w>zālū</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
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<w>zalū</w>, <w>zalūg</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="tg"><lang/>
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<w>zulluk</w>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><title>Russko-tadžikskij slovarʹ [Russian-Tajik
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dictionary]</title>. <pubPlace>Moscow</pubPlace>, <date>1949</date>, <biblScope>p.
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489</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
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<w>žarāɣ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>žawara</w>
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<note type="comment">(from <w type="rec">žarwa</w>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
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<biblScope>106</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>ǰalūkā-</w></mentioned> is considered an Iranian borrowing (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Mayrhofer"/>
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<biblScope>I 423 sq.</biblScope></bibl>). Turkic forms also come from Iranian:
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<mentioned xml:lang="uz"><lang/>
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<w>zuluk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ug"><lang/>
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<w>zülük</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ky"><lang/>
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<w>zülük</w>, <w>sülük</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="tr" extralang="kum tk"><lang/>
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<w>sülük</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="nog"><lang/>
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<w>sülik</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cjs"><lang/>
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<w>šülük</w>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
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<biblScope>IV 1111</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="tt-x-kazan"><lang/>
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<w>sölek</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kk"><lang/>
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<w>sülik</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cv"><lang/>
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<w>sələx</w>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Räsänen._Versuch"/>
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<biblScope>436</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Judging by the vowels, the
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word entered Ossetic via Turkic (<mentioned xml:lang="uz"><lang/>
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<w>zuluk</w></mentioned>). The reduction and disappearance of the second vowel is as in
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_būlkʼ"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">būlkʼ</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">bolgæ</w>
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<gloss><q>radish</q></gloss></ref> from <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
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<w>bolok’i</w></mentioned>. <mentioned xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w>kṛmi-</w>
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<gloss><q>worm</q></gloss></mentioned> gave <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kalm" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>kalm</w>
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<gloss><q>snake</q></gloss></ref>, but this word is also used in the meaning of
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<q>worm</q> (for example: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 94</biblScope></bibl>).</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI> |