369 lines
No EOL
31 KiB
XML
369 lines
No EOL
31 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
|
||
<teiHeader>
|
||
<fileDesc>
|
||
<titleStmt>
|
||
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <w>æfsīn</w></title>
|
||
</titleStmt>
|
||
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
|
||
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
|
||
<sourceDesc>
|
||
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
|
||
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
|
||
<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
|
||
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
|
||
</sourceDesc>
|
||
</fileDesc>
|
||
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
|
||
<tagsDecl>
|
||
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
|
||
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
|
||
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "<gloss><q>" "</q></gloss>";</rendition>
|
||
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
|
||
</tagsDecl>
|
||
</encodingDesc>
|
||
</teiHeader>
|
||
<text>
|
||
<body>
|
||
<entry xml:id="entry_æfsīn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240129T185637+0300" comment="checked"?>
|
||
<form xml:id="form_d2931e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>æfsīn</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
||
<form xml:id="form_d2931e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>æfsīnæ</orth></form>
|
||
<sense xml:id="sense_d2931e72">
|
||
<sense xml:id="sense_d2931e73">
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>хозяйка дома, распоряжающаяся хозяйством, припасами, стряпней,
|
||
угощением</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>the mistress of the house, managing the household, supplies, cooking,
|
||
meals</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
</sense>
|
||
<sense xml:id="sense_d2931e82">
|
||
<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">также </note>
|
||
<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">also </note>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>свекровь</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>mother-in-law (of a man)</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
</sense>
|
||
</sense>
|
||
<re xml:id="re_d2931e100">
|
||
<form xml:id="form_d2931e102" type="lemma"><orth>fæsæfsīn
|
||
<oRef>æfsīn</oRef></orth></form>
|
||
<sense xml:id="sense_d2931e105">
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>заместительница хозяйки</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240129T145803+0300" comment="or substitute? I'm not sure how this is used"?>deputy<?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
||
mistress</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
</sense>
|
||
</re>
|
||
<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d2931e165">
|
||
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2931e167">
|
||
<quote>Narty <oRef>’fsīn</oRef> — Satana</quote>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>нартовская хозяйка — Шатана</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>the mistress of the Narts — Satana</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
</abv:example>
|
||
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2931e182">
|
||
<quote>xorz <oRef>æfsīn</oRef> cy næ xærīnag aværʒæn lægæn jæ razy!</quote>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>хорошая хозяйка каких только кушаний не поставит перед человеком!</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>a good
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240129T150105+0300" comment="I used hostess here because it is appropriate in context, but the word as such does not mean hostess"?>hostess<?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
||
will put lots of food before a person!</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
|
||
<biblScope>80</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</abv:example>
|
||
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2931e201">
|
||
<quote><oRef>æfsīn</oRef> bacydī kʼæbīcmæ æmæ xæbīzǵyn yskodta</quote>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>хозяйка пошла в клеть и приготовила пирог с сыром</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>the mistress of the house went to the
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240129T145557+0300" comment="клеть"?>pantry<?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
||
and made a cheese pie</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
|
||
<biblScope>93</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</abv:example>
|
||
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2931e220">
|
||
<quote>æz ærcydtæn… ḱynʒy je <oRef>’fsīnīmæ</oRef> bajwarynmæ</quote>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>я пришел разделить… невестку со свекровью ее</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>for I am come to set… the daughter in law against her mother in
|
||
law</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Матфей"/>
|
||
<biblScope><w>10</w> 35</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</abv:example>
|
||
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2931e239">
|
||
<quote>xorz <oRef>æfsīn</oRef> yn ærxæssyn qæwy, <oRef>ænæfsīn</oRef> xæʒar
|
||
— ænaǧ˳yst xæʒar ū</quote>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>надо привести ему хорошую хозяйку, дом без хозяйки (все равно что)
|
||
дом без крыши</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>you need to bring him a good
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240129T151103+0300" comment="I think this is appropriate in this context. "Mistress" would mean something totally different…"?>housewife<?oxy_comment_end ?>,
|
||
a house without a
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240129T151415+0300" comment="but here "mistress" sounds appropriate"?>mistress<?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
||
(is like) a house without a roof</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
|
||
<biblScope>1957 I 13</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</abv:example>
|
||
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2931e259">
|
||
<quote>bawajʒæftæ kodta lægæn je <oRef>’fsīn</oRef></quote>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>забранила мужа хозяйка</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>the housewife scolded her husband a lot</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Puškin._Arhau"/>
|
||
<biblScope>5</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</abv:example>
|
||
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2931e278">
|
||
<quote>æz īskæj bæxæn mæxī <oRef>æfsīn</oRef> k˳yd yskænon?</quote>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>как могу я хозяйничать над чужой лошадью?</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>how can I
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240129T151658+0300" comment="lit. do the mistress"?>act
|
||
as a mistress<?oxy_comment_end ?> over someone else’s horse?</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
|
||
<biblScope>148</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</abv:example>
|
||
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2931e297">
|
||
<quote>o, næ xorz æfsīn, Satana!</quote>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>о, наша славная хозяйка, Шатана!</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>o, our glorious mistress, Satana!</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
|
||
<biblScope>221</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</abv:example>
|
||
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2931e316" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
||
<usg><lang/></usg>
|
||
<quote>æxsijnæ-<oRef>æfsijnæ</oRef> Satana</quote>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>госпожа-хозяйка Шатана</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240129T151750+0300" comment="as female of "lord""?>lady<?oxy_comment_end ?>-mistress
|
||
Satana!</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
|
||
<biblScope>II 45</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</abv:example>
|
||
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2931e338" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
||
<usg><lang/></usg>
|
||
<quote>ragæj dær æj, ne ’fsijnæ, mæ zærdi dæ ʒurd</quote>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>давно, наша хозяйка, запало в мое сердце твое слово</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>long ago, our lady, your word sank into my heart</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
|
||
<biblScope>71</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</abv:example>
|
||
</abv:exampleGrp>
|
||
<re xml:id="re_d2931e116" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
||
<form xml:id="form_d2931e120" type="lemma"><lang/>
|
||
<orth>roxsi ’fsijnæ</orth></form>
|
||
<sense xml:id="sense_d2931e123">
|
||
<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"><gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">хозяйка света</q></gloss> = </note>
|
||
<note type="comment" xml:lang="en"><gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">mistress of the light</q></gloss> = </note>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>солнце</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>the sun</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
</sense>
|
||
<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d2931e141">
|
||
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2931e143">
|
||
<quote><oRef>roxsi ’fsijnæ</oRef> surx læfinttæ iswaǧta</quote>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>хозяйка света испустила красный поток лучей</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>the mistress of the light emitted a red stream of rays</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
|
||
<biblScope>1936 I 53</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</abv:example>
|
||
</abv:exampleGrp>
|
||
</re>
|
||
<etym xml:lang="ru">Как <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xsīn"><w>xsīn</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>госпожа</q></gloss></ref> возводится к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">xšaiθni-</w></mentioned>, так <oRef>æfsīn</oRef>
|
||
фонетически могло бы восходить к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">abi-šaiθni-</w>
|
||
<note type="comment">от <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>šay-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>обитать</q></gloss></mentioned></note></mentioned>, ср.
|
||
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2931e438" xml:id="mentioned_d2931e365" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
||
<w>aibi-šaetan-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>обитатель</q></gloss></mentioned>. Исходное значение было бы в
|
||
этом случае <gloss><q>обитательница</q></gloss> с дальнейшим развитием:
|
||
<gloss><q>главная обитательница</q></gloss> →
|
||
<gloss><q>хозяйка</q></gloss>. В данной связи нельзя пройти мимо
|
||
среднеазиатского термина <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w>afšīn</w></mentioned>.
|
||
Титул <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w>afšīn</w></mentioned> засвидетельствован
|
||
(главным образом у арабских писателей) с VIII—IX в. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Justi"/>
|
||
<biblScope>252</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><title>Энциклопедия
|
||
Ислама</title>
|
||
<biblScope>под словом <w>Afshīn</w></biblScope></bibl>). Афшинами назывались
|
||
правители области Усрушана (об афшинах Усрушаны см.: <bibl><title>Изв. отд.
|
||
обществ, наук АН Тадж. ССР</title>, <biblScope xml:lang="ru">вып. 5,
|
||
стр. 119 сл.</biblScope></bibl>). Последний из них, Хайдар, называемый в
|
||
арабских источниках просто <w>al-Afshīn</w> и достигший значительной известности
|
||
как полководец халифов Мамуна и Мутасима, умер в 841 г. Титул <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w>afšīn</w></mentioned> засвидетельствован также на
|
||
<lang>согдийской</lang> почве: согдийский правитель Гурек (737 или 738 г.) в
|
||
договоре с арабским военачальником Кутейбой ибн Муслимом именует себя: <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">ихшид Согда, афшин Самарканда</q> (<bibl>В.
|
||
В. <author>Бартольд</author>. <title>Туркестан в эпоху монгольского
|
||
нашествия</title>, ч. 2., <date>1900</date>, <biblScope xml:lang="ru">стр. 217</biblScope></bibl>). Здесь ясно выступает нарицательное
|
||
значение слова <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w>afsīn</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>правитель</q></gloss></mentioned>. Поскольку <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w>afšīn</w></mentioned> в своей форме носит ясные черты
|
||
скифского (массагетского) происхождения (<mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><m>-īna</m>
|
||
<note type="comment">из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><m>-aθni</m></mentioned></note></mentioned>, ср. <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><gloss>имя сакской царицы</gloss>
|
||
<w>Zarina</w>
|
||
<note type="comment">у Ктесия</note>
|
||
<note type="comment">из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>zaranya-</w> →
|
||
<w>zarainya-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>золото</q></gloss></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærīn" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
||
<w>zærinæ</w></ref></note></mentioned>), термин <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w>afšīn</w></mentioned> в Согдиане и Усрушане должен
|
||
рассматриваться как <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">заимствование из скифского
|
||
(массагетского)</hi>. Мы имеем дело со <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">скифским</hi> социальным термином, распространившимся по Средней Азии.<note type="footnote" xml:lang="ru" n="1">Фонетически немыслимо вывести <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w>afšīn</w></mentioned> из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>xšēwan</w></mentioned>, как предлагает <name>Henning</name> (см.
|
||
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch"/>
|
||
<biblScope>48</biblScope></bibl>). Нельзя также видеть в <oRef/> перебой
|
||
из <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsīn"><w>ᵆxsīn</w></ref>
|
||
(<bibl><author>Gershevitch</author>
|
||
<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
|
||
<biblScope xml:lang="ru">1955 XVII 481, прим. 4</biblScope>
|
||
<biblScope xml:lang="en">1955 XVII 481, fn. 4</biblScope></bibl>) ввиду
|
||
отсутствия других случаев подобного перебоя.</note> Весьма возможно, что
|
||
термин <oRef/> восходит к маcсагетскому матриархату и служил первоначально
|
||
наименованием массагетских правительниц типа знаменитой Томирис, а затем из
|
||
массагетского был заимствован в соседние области Средней Азии уже в применении к
|
||
правителям мужчинам. И Усрушана и Согдиана непосредственно примыкают к
|
||
массагетской территории. <lang xml:lang="os">Ос.</lang>
|
||
<oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">æfsīnæ</oRef> употребляется иногда взамен
|
||
собственного имени в применении к прославленной нартовской хозяйке Шатане и
|
||
другим героиням (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СОПам."/>
|
||
<biblScope>II 12, 17, 18</biblScope></bibl>). В качестве собственного имени
|
||
<oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">æfsīnæ</oRef> попало также к некоторым соседям
|
||
осетин; ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2931e473" xml:id="mentioned_d2931e399" xml:lang="ka-x-khevsur"><lang/>
|
||
<w>Apšina</w>
|
||
<gloss>мужское собственное имя</gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Важа Пшавела</author>. <title>Гоготур и
|
||
Апшина</title></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. В этом хевсурском
|
||
имени можно видеть указание на то, что и <lang xml:lang="os"/>
|
||
<oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">æfsīnæ</oRef> могло в прошлом относиться также к
|
||
мужчине. К осетинскому примыкает <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2931e484" xml:id="mentioned_d2931e410" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
|
||
<w>apsən</w>, <w>afsən</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>золовка</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fysym"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsīn"><w>xsīn</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ældar"/>.<lb/>
|
||
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
|
||
<biblScope>257</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Benveniste</author>
|
||
<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSL"/>
|
||
<biblScope>LIl 18</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
||
<etym xml:lang="en">Like <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xsīn"><w>xsīn</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>mistress</q></gloss></ref> is derived from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">xšaiθni-</w></mentioned>, thus, phonetically,
|
||
<w>æfsīn</w> could be derived from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">abi-šaiθni-</w>
|
||
<note type="comment">from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>šay-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>to dwell</q></gloss></mentioned></note></mentioned>, cf.
|
||
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2931e365" xml:id="mentioned_d2931e438" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
||
<w>aibi-šaetan-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>dweller</q></gloss></mentioned>. In this case, the initial meaning
|
||
would be <gloss><q>inhabitant</q></gloss> with further development:
|
||
<gloss><q>main inhabitant</q></gloss> → <gloss><q>mistress</q></gloss>.
|
||
In this regard, one cannot ignore the Central Asian term
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240129T184155+0300" comment="based on the description I assume the word is Scythian"?><mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w>afšīn</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>. The title
|
||
<mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w>afšīn</w></mentioned> is attested (mainly by
|
||
Arab writers) since the 8th–9th centuries. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Justi"/>
|
||
<biblScope>252</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><title>Encyclopaedia of
|
||
Islam</title>
|
||
<biblScope>under the word <w>Afshīn</w></biblScope></bibl>). <w>Afšīn</w>
|
||
was the name of the rulers of the Osrušana region (for information on the
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240129T184702+0300" comment="italicize?"?>afshins<?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
||
of Osrušana, see: <bibl><title>Izvestija otdelenija obščestvennyx nauk AN
|
||
Tadžikskoj SSR</title> [Bulletin of the Department of Social Sciences of
|
||
the Tajik ASSR], <biblScope xml:lang="en">vol. 5, p. 119
|
||
ff.</biblScope></bibl>). The last of them, Haydar, who was called in Arab
|
||
sources simply <w>al-Afšīn</w> and who achieved considerable fame as the
|
||
commander of the caliphs al-Maʼmūn and al-Muʽtaṣim, died in 841. The title
|
||
<mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w>afšīn</w></mentioned> is also attested in
|
||
<lang>Sogdian</lang> society: the Sogdian ruler Ghurak (737 or 738) in the
|
||
agreement with the Arab commander Qutayba ibn Muslim calls himself: <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">the Ikhshid of Sogd, afshin of
|
||
Samarqand</q></gloss> (<bibl>V. V. <author>Bartold</author>.
|
||
<title>Turkestan v èpoxu mongolʼskogo našestvija</title> [Turkestan in
|
||
the era of the Mongol invasion], part 2, <date>1900</date>, <biblScope xml:lang="en">p. 217</biblScope></bibl>). Here, the common appellative
|
||
meaning of the word
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240129T171122+0300" comment="I assume that in this context it refers to Sogdian"?><mentioned xml:lang="sog"><w>afsīn</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>ruler</q></gloss></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> appears clearly.
|
||
Since <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w>afšīn</w></mentioned> bears in its form clear
|
||
features of Scythian (Massagetean) origin (<mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><m>-īna</m>
|
||
<note type="comment">from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><m>-aθni</m></mentioned></note></mentioned>, cf. the <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><gloss>name of the Saka queen</gloss>
|
||
<w>Zarina</w>
|
||
<note type="comment"><foreign>apud</foreign> Ctesias</note>
|
||
<note type="comment">from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>zaranya-</w> →
|
||
<w>zarainya-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>gold</q></gloss></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærīn" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
||
<w>zærinæ</w></ref></note></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zærīn" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
||
<w>zærinæ</w></ref>), the term <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w>afšīn</w></mentioned> in Sogdiana and Osrušana should be considered as
|
||
<hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">borrowed from Scythian (Massagetean)</hi>.
|
||
We are dealing with a <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Scythian</hi> social term
|
||
that spread throughout Central Asia.<note type="footnote" xml:lang="en" n="1">Deducing <mentioned xml:lang="xsc"><w>afšīn</w></mentioned> from
|
||
<w>xšēwan</w>, as proposed by <name>Henning</name>, is phonetically
|
||
unthinkable (see
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240129T185219+0300" comment="not sure if Gershevitch just cites Henning or argues with him (check)"?><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch"/>
|
||
<biblScope>48</biblScope></bibl><?oxy_comment_end ?>). Neither can one
|
||
see in <oRef/> an alternation of <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsīn"><w>ᵆxsīn</w></ref> (<bibl><author>Gershevitch</author>
|
||
<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOAS"/>
|
||
<biblScope xml:lang="ru">1955 XVII 481, fn. 4</biblScope></bibl>) in the
|
||
absence of other cases of such alternations.</note> It is quite possible
|
||
that the term <oRef/> goes back to the Massagetean matriarchy and was originally
|
||
the name of the Massagetean rulers like the famous Tomyris, and then from the
|
||
Massageteans it was borrowed into the neighbouring regions of Central Asia,
|
||
where it was applied to male rulers. Both Osrušana and Sogdiana are directly
|
||
adjacent to the Massagetean territory. <lang xml:lang="os"/>
|
||
<oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">æfsīnæ</oRef> is sometimes used instead of a proper
|
||
name when applied to the famous Nart mistress Satana and other heroines
|
||
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СОПам."/>
|
||
<biblScope>II 12, 17, 18</biblScope></bibl>). As a proper name, <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">æfsīnæ</oRef> also reached some of the neighbours of
|
||
the Ossetians; cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2931e399" xml:id="mentioned_d2931e473" xml:lang="ka-x-khevsur"><lang/>
|
||
<w>Apšina</w>, <gloss>male proper name</gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Vazha Pshavela</author>. <title>Gogotur and
|
||
Apshina</title></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. In this Khevsurian
|
||
name, one can see an indication of the fact that the Ossetic <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">æfsīnæ</oRef> in the past
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240129T185608+0300" comment="then why conjecture on the Massagetean matriarchy if the term could be masculine?"?>could
|
||
also refer to a man<?oxy_comment_end ?>. Close to Ossetic is also <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2931e410" xml:id="mentioned_d2931e484" xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
|
||
<w>apsən</w>, <w>afsən</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>sister-in-law</q></gloss></mentioned>. Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fysym"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7xsīn"><w>xsīn</w></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ældar"/>.<lb/>
|
||
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
|
||
<biblScope>257</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Benveniste</author>
|
||
<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSL"/>
|
||
<biblScope>LIl 18</biblScope></bibl></etym>
|
||
</entry>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</text>
|
||
</TEI> |