abaev-xml/entries/abaev_īrvæzyn.xml
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<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">īrvæzyn</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. AKʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">????</biblScope>.</bibl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "" "";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_īrvæzyn" xml:lang="os">
<form xml:id="form_d5379e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>īrvæzyn</orth><form xml:id="form_d5379e68" type="participle"><orth>īrvæzt</orth></form></form>
<form xml:id="form_d5379e71" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ervæzun</orth><form xml:id="form_d5379e73" type="participle"><orth>ervazt</orth></form></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d5379e76"><sense xml:id="sense_d5379e77"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>спасаться</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>to save oneself</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5379e86"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>избавляться</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>be saved</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5379e95"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>ускользать</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>to escape</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5379e104"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>вырваться</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>to break away</q>
</abv:tr></sense></sense>
<re xml:id="re_d5379e114">
<form xml:id="form_d5379e116" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>īrvæzyn kænyn</orth></form>
<form xml:id="form_d5379e119" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ervæzun kænun</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d5379e122"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>спасать</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>to save</q>
</abv:tr></sense>
</re>
<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d5379e133">
<abv:example xml:id="example_d5379e135">
<quote>fervæzt næ rynčyn</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>спасся наш больной</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>our patient survived</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>86</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d5379e154" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg><lang/></usg>
<quote>ervæzuj nin</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>он у нас ускользнет</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>he will escape from us</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/><biblScope>31%l14</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d5379e176">
<quote>dony bylmæ ma nyjjīrvæzt fydbontæj</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>до берега реки он еще добрался с трудом</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>he reached the river bank with difficulty</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>91</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d5379e195">
<quote>mīdæmæ baīrvæzt</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>он ворвался внутрь</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>he rushed inside</q>
</abv:tr>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d5379e210" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg><lang/></usg>
<quote>æ færci ba fæjjervaztæ</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>благодаря ему ты спасся</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>you were saved thanks to him</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/><biblScope>4%l11</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d5379e233" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg><lang/></usg>
<quote>mæ komiʒag min mæ ǧælæsæj ku fajjervæzun kodtaj</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>ты дал ускользнуть куску из моей глотки</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>you let a piece slip out of my throat</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/><biblScope>17%l1213</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d5379e255" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg><lang/></usg>
<quote>wazægdonæmæ bajervaztæj</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>он проник в кунацкую</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>he got into the kunak room</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/><biblScope>32%lI</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d5379e277">
<quote>qæwmæ xæstæg k˳y baīrvæza, wæd næ bon nīcwal wyʒæn</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>если (враг) прорвется к селению, мы уже не сможем ничего сделать</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>if (enemies) force their way to the village, we will not be able to
do anything</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/><biblScope>121</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
<abv:example xml:id="example_d5379e296" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg><lang/></usg>
<quote>mæ tupp arf aræqi iservaztæj</quote>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>мой «шлеп» раздался („я шлепнулся“) в глубоком овраге</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>my "plop" was heard ("I fell with a plop") in a deep ravine</q>
</abv:tr>
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_SD"/><biblScope>185%l1</biblScope></bibl>
</abv:example>
</abv:exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Закономерная метатеза из *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">iv-ræzyn</hi> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ev-ræzun</hi>
*<hi rendition="#rend_italic">aibi-raz-</hi>, сращение преверба <hi rendition="#rend_italic">aibi</hi> с <hi rendition="#rend_italic">raz-</hi>, ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5379e369" xml:id="mentioned_d5379e322" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>rah-</w>
<gloss><q>покидать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5379e377" xml:id="mentioned_d5379e330" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>rahas-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5379e380" xml:id="mentioned_d5379e333" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>razah-</w>
<gloss><q>скрытое место</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5379e388" xml:id="mentioned_d5379e341" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>rāz</w>
<gloss><q>скрытый</q></gloss></mentioned>. Исходная арийская основа —
*<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ragh-</hi>, отсюда <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5379e396" xml:id="mentioned_d5379e349" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
<w>*zi-raxs-(zrʼɣs)</w>
<gloss><q>избавляться</q></gloss></mentioned> (*<hi rendition="#rend_italic">raxs-</hi>
*<hi rendition="#rend_italic">raγ-s-</hi>).%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>III 154</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>32,
58</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">A regular metathesis from *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">iv-ræzyn</hi> | <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ev-ræzun</hi>
*<hi rendition="#rend_italic">aibi-raz-</hi>, the fusion of a preverb <hi rendition="#rend_italic">aibi</hi> with <hi rendition="#rend_italic">raz-</hi>, cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5379e322" xml:id="mentioned_d5379e369" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>rah-</w>
<gloss><q>to leave</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5379e330" xml:id="mentioned_d5379e377" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>rahas-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5379e333" xml:id="mentioned_d5379e380" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>razah-</w>
<gloss><q>secret place</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5379e341" xml:id="mentioned_d5379e388" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>rāz</w>
<gloss><q>concealed</q></gloss></mentioned>. The initial Aryan stem is
*<hi rendition="#rend_italic">ragh-</hi>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5379e349" xml:id="mentioned_d5379e396" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
<w>*zi-raxs-(zrʼɣs)</w>
<gloss><q>to get rid</q></gloss></mentioned> (*<hi rendition="#rend_italic">raxs-</hi> ← *<hi rendition="#rend_italic">raγ-s-</hi>) is
from it.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>III
154</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>32,
58</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
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