abaev-xml/entries/abaev_qal_1.xml
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">qal_1</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. AKʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">????</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
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<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "" "";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_qal_1" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete" n="1">
<form xml:id="form_d4772e66" type="lemma"><orth>qal</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d4772e69"><sense xml:id="sense_d4772e70"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>заносчивый</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>arrogant</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d4772e79"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>спесивый</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>haughty</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d4772e88"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>гордый</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>proud</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d4772e97"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>веселый</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>cheerful</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d4772e106"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>беззаботный</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>carefree</q>
</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d4772e115" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><usg><lang/></usg>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>богатый</q>
</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>rich</q>
</abv:tr></sense></sense>
<re xml:id="re_d4772e128">
<form xml:id="form_d4772e130" type="lemma"><orth>ysqal wyn</orth></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d4772e133"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">зазнаться</q>
</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">become conceited</q>
</tr></sense>
</re>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d4772e146">
<example xml:id="example_d4772e148">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">qal bæx</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">горячая, темпераментная лошадь</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">spirited horse</q>
</tr>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d4772e166" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">qal næži</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">высокая сосна</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">high pine tree</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Saxi_ræs."/>
<biblScope>5</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d4772e192">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fæxūdænt myl qaltæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пусть спесивцы (щеголи) посмеются надо мной</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">let the arrogant (dandies) laugh at me</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
<biblScope>14</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d4772e215">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">qal mitæ kænyn</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">вести себя спесиво, щеголем</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">behave arrogantly, like a dandy</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
<biblScope>67</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d4772e238">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">qal zærdæjæ zary</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">поет с веселым сердцем</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sings with a cheerful heart</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
<biblScope>113</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d4772e262">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Xorany qal fyrt</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">спесивый Хоранов сын</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the arrogant son of Khoran</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
<biblScope>174</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d4772e285">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">qal wydī Bættu, qal wydī jæ kardæj</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">горд был Батту, он гордился своей шашкой</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Bættu was proud, he was proud of his
sabre</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
<biblScope>49</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d4772e308">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ḱyzǵy ræsuǧdʒīnadæj jæ zærdæ ysqal</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">от красоты дочери его сердце возгордилось</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">his heart was proud of his daughter's
beauty</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
<biblScope>103</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d4772e331" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ci dæ fænduj, mægur ævi qal?</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">чего ты хочешь, бедного или богатого (бедности
или богатства)?</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">what do you want, poor or rich (poverty or
wealth)?</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
<biblScope>101</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d4772e357" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">næbal farsuncæ muggagæj, fal agoruncæ qal
kiræ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">уже не спрашивают о фамилии (знатности), а ищут
богатый сундук</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they no longer ask about the surname
(nobility), but are looking for a rich chest</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli">ibid.</ref>
<biblScope>72</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d4772e384" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">oj mastæj ba mæxe ku marun, wad du ba qal
xudt cæmæn kænis?</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">от обиды по этому поводу я казню себя, так
почему же ты весело смеешься</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I am punishing myself because of resentment
about this, so why are you laughing merrily</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
<biblScope>33<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">1</hi></biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d4772e414" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æncæ qal bæxtæ qal buduri</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">горячие кони находятся в злачной степи</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">spirited horses are located in the green
steppe</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Saxi_ræs."/>
<biblScope>32</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d4772e440" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">qal wat</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">роскошное ложе</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a luxurious bed</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Saxi_ræs.">ibid.</ref>
<biblScope>45</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d4772e467" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">qal anz</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">,богатый (урожайный) год</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a rich (fruitful) year</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Wadž."/>
<biblScope>31</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d4772e493" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ciwavær qal dæ, nur æstong anzi xætælæj
cæǧdun ke zærdæ zæǧuj</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">что ты за беспечный (человек), если теперь, в
голодный год, тебе хочется (твое сердце говорит) играть на свирели</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">what kind of careless (person) are you if now,
in a hungry year, you want (your heart says) to play the flute</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
<biblScope>35</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d4772e519" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ma min kæsæ mæ mægurmæ, kæd næ dæn aboni
qal…</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">не смотри на мою бедность, хоть я сегодня не
богат…</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">do not look at my poverty, even though I am not
rich today…</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
<biblScope>52</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d4772e545" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sæ bæxtæ qal æma tæltæg</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">их кони горячие и темпераментные</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">their horses are spirited and passionate</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
<biblScope>64</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d4772e572" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mægurti car — qalti qæppæl</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">шкура бедняков — одежда для богачей</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the skin of the poor is clothes for the
rich</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Sam."/>
<biblScope>95</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d4772e598" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">qaltæ rezuncæ tæssæj wæ windæj</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">богачи дрожат от страха при виде вас</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the rich tremble with fear at the sight of
you</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Sozur"/>
<biblScope>52</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:id="example_d4772e624">
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">da siæxstæ sæ xūdtæ cæmæn kʼūl darync? — fyr
qalæj</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">отчего твои зятья носят шапки набекрень? — от
спеси</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">why do your sons-in-law wear their hats askew?
— because of arrogance</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
<biblScope>56</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Не идентично с <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qal_2">²<w>qal</w>
<q>бодрствующий</q></ref>. Дигорская форма с начальным <c>q</c> указывает на
заимствование. Ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4772e788" xml:id="mentioned_d4772e658" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
<w>qal</w>
<gloss><q>дерзкий</q>, <q>бесстыжий</q></gloss>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
<biblScope>II 219</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Ср. также <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4772e806" xml:id="mentioned_d4772e676" xml:lang="mn"><lang/>
<w>qalǰa</w>
<gloss><q>шутник</q>, <q>весельчак</q></gloss>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Ligеti</author>. <title>Un vocabulaire mongol d
Istanboul</title>. <biblScope>Acta Orient. Acad. Scient. Hung. 1962 XIV <hi rendition="#rend_italic">1</hi> 42</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Не
исключена также контаминация иранского слова с тюрко-монгольским; ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4772e830" xml:id="mentioned_d4772e700" xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
<w>gahrāy</w>
<gloss><q>быть гордым</q></gloss>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ghilain"/>
<biblScope>61</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote"><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Morgenstierne</hi>
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP">EVP</ref>
<biblScope>27</biblScope></bibl>) дает <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4772e857" xml:id="mentioned_d4772e727" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
<w>ɣara</w>
<gloss><q>гордый</q>, <q>высокомерный</q></gloss>, но в словаре <note type="bibl"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Асланов"><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Асланова</hi></ref>
<biblScope> (605)</biblScope></bibl></note> находим в этом значении
<w>ɣurra</w></mentioned>.</note> Ср. также <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4772e878" xml:id="mentioned_d4772e748" xml:lang="ga"><lang/>
<w>gal</w>
<gloss><q>violence</q>, <q>bravery</q></gloss></mentioned>. <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Генко</hi> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ЗКВ"/>
<biblScope>V 720 сл.</biblScope></bibl>) сопоставлял с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4772e896" xml:id="mentioned_d4772e766" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
<w>ghäræ</w>
<gloss><q>смелый</q>, <q>бесстрашный</q></gloss></mentioned>. </etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">The word is not identical with <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qal_2">²<w>qal</w>
<q>awake</q></ref>. The Digor form with the initial <c>q</c> indicates borrowing. Cf.
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4772e658" xml:id="mentioned_d4772e788" xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
<w>qal</w>
<gloss><q>daring</q>, <q>shameless</q></gloss>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
<biblScope>II 219</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. See also <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4772e676" xml:id="mentioned_d4772e806" xml:lang="mn"><lang/>
<w>qalǰa</w>
<gloss><q>joker</q>, <q>funny guy</q></gloss>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Ligeti</author>. <title>Un vocabulaire mongol d
Istanboul</title>. <biblScope>Acta Orient. Acad. Scient. Hung. 1962 XIV <hi rendition="#rend_italic">1</hi> 42</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. The
contamination of the Iranian word with the Turkic-Mongolian is also possible; cf.
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4772e700" xml:id="mentioned_d4772e830" xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
<w>gahrāy</w>
<gloss><q>be proud</q></gloss>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ghilain"/>
<biblScope>61</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.<note type="footnote"><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Morgenstierne</hi> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP">EVP</ref>
<biblScope>27</biblScope></bibl>) gives <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4772e727" xml:id="mentioned_d4772e857" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
<w>ɣara</w>
<gloss><q>proud</q>, <q>arrogant</q></gloss>, but in the dictionary by <note type="bibl"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Асланов"><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Aslanov</hi></ref>
<biblScope> (605)</biblScope></bibl></note> we found <w>ɣurra</w></mentioned> in
this meaning.</note> Cf. also <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4772e748" xml:id="mentioned_d4772e878" xml:lang="ga"><lang/>
<w>gal</w>
<gloss><q>violence</q>, <q>bravery</q></gloss></mentioned>. <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Genko</hi> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ЗКВ"/>
<biblScope>V 720 ff.</biblScope></bibl>) compared with <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d4772e766" xml:id="mentioned_d4772e896" xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
<w>ghäræ</w>
<gloss><q>brave</q>, <q>fearless</q></gloss></mentioned>. </etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>