514 lines
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41 KiB
XML
514 lines
No EOL
41 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ræǧaw</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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||
<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_ræǧaw" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<form xml:id="form_d1994e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>ræǧaw</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d1994e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ærǧaw</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1994e72"><sense xml:id="sense_d1994e73"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>табун</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>herd</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1994e82"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>стадо</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>flock</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; применяется к конскому табуну (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_bæx"/>-<oRef>ræǧaw</oRef>), к стаду крупного рогатого скота (<phr><ref type="xr" target="#entry_stur"><w>stūrty</w></ref>
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<oRef>ræǧaw</oRef></phr>); реже к овцам и другим животным<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">например (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>49</biblScope></bibl>): <phr><ref type="xr" target="#entry_fos"><w>fosy</w></ref>
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<oRef>ræǧaw</oRef></phr>
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<gloss><q>стадо овец</q></gloss></note>; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qom_1"/>,
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_fos"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒūg"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærdong"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærwæz"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bal_1"/>; в одном случае встретилось <ref type="xr" target="#entry_læg"/><oRef>ræǧaw</oRef>
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<q>мужской состав</q> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">мужской табун</q>), а в одном —
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д. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kark"><w>kærk</w></ref><oRef>ærǧaw</oRef>
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<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">стадо кур</q></note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; it is used to refer to a horse herd (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_bæx"/>-<oRef>ræǧaw</oRef>), a herd of cattle (<phr><ref type="xr" target="#entry_stur"><w>stūrty</w></ref>
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<oRef>ræǧaw</oRef></phr>); less often to sheep and other animals<note type="footnote">for example, (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>49</biblScope></bibl>): <phr><ref type="xr" target="#entry_fos"><w>fosy</w></ref>
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<oRef>ræǧaw</oRef></phr>
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<gloss><q>flock of sheep</q></gloss></note>; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qom_1"/>,
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_fos"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒūg"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærdong"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærwæz"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bal_1"/>; in one case <ref type="xr" target="#entry_læg"/><oRef>ræǧaw</oRef>
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<q>male group</q> (<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">male herd</q></gloss>) was
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attested, in one case Digor <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kark"><w>kærk</w></ref><oRef>ærǧaw</oRef>
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<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">flock of chickens</q>
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<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220521T171110+0300" comment="ok?"?>was
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attested<?oxy_comment_end ?></note>
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<re xml:id="re_d1994e212">
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<form xml:id="form_d1994e214" type="lemma"><orth>ræǧawgæs</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1994e217"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">табунщик</q>
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</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">herdsman</q>
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</tr></sense>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ГО"/>
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<biblScope>§ 201<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">II 1</hi></biblScope></bibl>)</note>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d1994e241">
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<example xml:id="example_d1994e243">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ærtærʒynæn dyn gal <oRef>ræǧæwttæ</oRef>,
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fosy ʒūgtæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я пригоню тебе стада быков, стада мелкого
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скота</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I will bring you herds of oxen, herds of small
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cattle</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>19</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d1994e268">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">stūr dær ma jæxī <oRef>ræǧaw</oRef> x˳yzdær
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xony kæjdær qomæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">даже корова (бык) считает свое стадо лучше
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чужого скота</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">even a cow (bull) considers her herd better
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than someone else’s cattle</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>41</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d1994e293">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dywwæ azmæ <oRef>ræǧæwttæ</oRef>
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skænʒæn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в два года он создаст (= наживет) стада</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">in two years he will make herds</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>81</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d1994e318">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Zazajy æmbīsondy <oRef>bæxræǧawæj</oRef>
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tækkæ dywwæ xwyzdær bæxy… sæ kærtmæ ærbatyg˳yr kodta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">двух самых лучших коней из прославленного
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табуна Заза он пригнал в свой двор</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he brought two of the best horses from the
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famous Zaza herd to his yard</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
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<biblScope>86</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d1994e343">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æz <oRef>ræǧawgæs</oRef> dæn… adæm sæ
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<oRef>ræǧaw</oRef> mænmæ radtoj…</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я табунщик… народ доверил мне свой табун</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I am a herdsman… the people entrusted me with
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their herd</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
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<biblScope>148</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d1994e371">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">wæ, Terk æmæ Turk! wæ <oRef>ræǧaw</oRef> wyn
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fætardæ ū</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">эй, Терки и Турки! угоняют ваш табун</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Hey, Terks and Turks! your herd is being
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stolen</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
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<biblScope>82</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d1994e396">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Terk-Turkæn! Narty Wyryzmæg wyn wæ
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<oRef>ræǧaw</oRef> fætæry, fælæ fædīs!</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Терки-Турки! Нартовский Урызмаг угоняет ваш
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табун, тревога!</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Terks-Turks! Uryzmag
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<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220521T171332+0300" comment="?"?>of
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the Narts<?oxy_comment_end ?> is stealing your herd, alarm!</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>136</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d1994e425">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">turkæn sæ <oRef>ræǧaw</oRef> k˳y fætard ī,
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<oRef>ræǧawgæs</oRef> wæd baūrædtoj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда у турок угнали табун, тогда они поставили
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табунщика</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">when a herd was stolen from the Turks, then
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they put a herdsman</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the saying about belated measures</bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d1994e450">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">īs dæwæn dær <oRef>ræǧawy</oRef> ræsuǧd
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bæx</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в табуне и у тебя есть красивый конь</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">you also have a beautiful horse in the herd</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
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<biblScope>1957 III 70</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d1994e475">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kæron næ wydī ældary qæzdygzīnadæn: wæ jæ
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<oRef>bæxræǧæwttæ</oRef>, wæ jæ <oRef>qomræǧæwttæ</oRef>, wæ jæ fys-fosy
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ʒūgtæ…</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">не было предела богатству алдара: то ли его
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конские табуны, то ли его стада коров и быков, то ли его баранта…</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">there was no limit to the ældar’s wealth: either
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his horse herds, or his herds of cows and bulls, or his sheep…</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
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<biblScope>II 85</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d1994e502">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">abyræg… bæxty <oRef>ræǧaw</oRef> ratardta
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æmæ, <oRef>ræǧawgæstīmæ</oRef> ʽsxæcgæjæ, fonʒ læǵy amardta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">абрек угнал конский табун и, вступив в бой с
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табунщиками, убил пять человек</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">abrek stole a herd of horses and, having
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engaged in battle with the herdsmen, killed five people</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Arsen"/>
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<biblScope>75</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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||
<example xml:id="example_d1994e530">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">syḱʼīty <oRef>ræǧaw</oRef> systad</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">стадо серн поднялось</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the herd of chamois
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<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220521T171632+0300" comment="ok?"?>rose<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
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<biblScope>50</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d1994e558">
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||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Qoroty myggag… sædæ toppæxsæǵy nymadta jæ
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||
<oRef>lægræǧawy</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">род Короевых насчитывал сто стрелков в своем
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мужском табуне</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the Koroev family numbered one hundred shooters
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in its male herd</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
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<biblScope>52</biblScope></bibl>
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||
</example>
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||
<example xml:id="example_d1994e582" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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||
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>ærǧaw</oRef> ærkʼupxæ ʽncæ donbæl æma
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bonasadæn kodtoncæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">стадо сбилось кучей на реке и отдыхало</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the herd huddled together on the river and
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rested</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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<biblScope>118</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d1994e609" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>ærǧawmæ</oRef> omæj æsturdær kʼanbec næ
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es</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в стаде нет буйвола крупнее его</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">there is no bigger buffalo in the herd than
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him</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>17</biblScope></bibl>
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||
</example>
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||
<example xml:id="example_d1994e636" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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||
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæ bæxgæstæ stur <oRef>bæxærǧæwtti</oRef>
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xæccæ buduri ʽncæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мои табунщики с большими табунами находятся в
|
||
степи</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">my herdsmen with large herds are in the
|
||
steppe</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
|
||
<biblScope>76</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example xml:id="example_d1994e664" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
||
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">onæn sæ bæxtæ æfsorqi muggag, Lægti izædæn æ
|
||
<oRef>bæxærǧawæj</oRef></quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">их кони — из породы <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æfsūrǧ_1">æfsorq</ref>, из табуна бога мужчин (= Wasgergi)</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">their horses are from the <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æfsūrǧ_1">æfsorq</ref> breed, from the herd of the god of men (=
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220521T171916+0300" comment="ok?"?>Wasgergi<?oxy_comment_end ?>)</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
|
||
<biblScope>57<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">127–128</hi></biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example xml:id="example_d1994e705" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
||
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>arǧawgæstæ</oRef> ærfæʒaxstoncæ: de
|
||
ʽrgajwag sawlox nizzadæj</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">табунщики сообщили: (кобылица) шавлоховской
|
||
породы из твоего табуна ожеребилась</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">herders reported: (a mare) of the Shavlokh
|
||
breed from your herd foaled</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
|
||
<biblScope>1958 III 24</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example xml:id="example_d1994e732" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
||
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dæ <oRef>kærkærǧawæj</oRef> min ew cʼew nekæd
|
||
iswældaj kodtaj</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ты никогда не пожертвовала мне одного цыпленка
|
||
из твоего куриного стада</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">you have never donated one chicken from your
|
||
chicken herd to me</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАС"/>
|
||
<biblScope>III 118</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
</exampleGrp>
|
||
<etym xml:lang="ru">У скотоводческих народов понятия <q>скот</q> и <q>богатство</q> тесно
|
||
связаны (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1148" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e767" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
|
||
<w>pecus</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>скот</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1156" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e775" xml:lang="la"><w>pecunia</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>имущество</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>богатство</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>деньги</q></gloss></mentioned>); см. об этом под словом <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fos"/>. Поэтому <oRef>ræǧaw</oRef> можно возводить к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1173" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e792" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">fra-gava-</w></mentioned>; ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1177" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e796" xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
|
||
<w>fraɣāw</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>богатство</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>сокровище</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ghilain"/>
|
||
<biblScope>76</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Boyce"/>
|
||
<biblScope>187</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1201" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e820" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
||
<w type="rec">fraɣāw</w>
|
||
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(βrγʼw)</note>
|
||
<gloss><q>богатство</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gramm._sogd."/>
|
||
<biblScope>I 19, 45, 72, 133</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._TSP"/>
|
||
<biblScope>249</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch"/>
|
||
<biblScope>§ 325</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. В слове распознается, стало
|
||
быть, преверб <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1231" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e850" xml:lang="ira"><m>fra-</m></mentioned> и основа <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1234" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e853" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">gav-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>обеспечивать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>приобретать</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр.;
|
||
ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1245" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e864" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
||
<w>gav-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>обеспечивать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1253" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e872" xml:lang="ae"><w>gaona-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>приобретение</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>добыча</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1265" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e881" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
|
||
<w>gáuti</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>получать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1273" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e889" xml:lang="lt"><w>gausùs</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>обильный</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1279" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e895" xml:lang="lt"><w>gausà</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>обилие</q></gloss></mentioned>. О семантической разветвленности этой основы
|
||
позволяют судить производные от нее осетинские слова: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qawyn"><w>qawyn</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>потреблять</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qæwyn"><w>qæwyn</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>быть нужным</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_q0yddag"><w>q˳yddag</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>дело</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_q0ydy"><w>q˳ydy</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>мысль</q></gloss></ref>. Менее вероятно видеть в
|
||
<w><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220521T164136+0300" comment="просто w?"?>-ǧaw<?oxy_comment_end ?></w>
|
||
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1319" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e931" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
|
||
<w>gau-</w>, <w>gav-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>крупный рогатый скот</q></gloss></mentioned>: сращение преверба <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1330" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e941" xml:lang="ira"><m>fra-</m></mentioned> с <emph>именными</emph>
|
||
основами — явление редкое как в осетинском, так в парфянском и согдийском. Данная
|
||
этимология позволяет наиболее удовлетворительно объяснить необычное расхождение иронской и
|
||
дигорской форм: <oRef>ræ-ǧaw</oRef> | <oRef>ær-ǧaw</oRef>. Это расхождение могло
|
||
возникнуть тогда, когда начальный элемент еще осмыслялся как преверб и дигорский лишь
|
||
заменил один преверб
|
||
(<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220521T165609+0300" comment="mntnd ос., ок?"?><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1340" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e952" xml:lang="os"><m>ræ-</m></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>) другим
|
||
(<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220521T165609+0300" comment="mntnd ос., ок?"?><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1346" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e958" xml:lang="os"><m>ær-</m></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>), как он это делает и в
|
||
некоторых других случаях. Особое пристрастие дигорского к превербу
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220521T165609+0300" comment="mntnd ос., ок?"?><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1351" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e963" xml:lang="os"><m>ær-</m></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> уже отмечалось (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
|
||
<biblScope>423 сл., § 86<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">7</hi></biblScope></bibl>):
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220521T164859+0300" comment="здесь сделала ссылку на kænyn и zonyn, ок?"?><ref type="xr" target="#entry_kænyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">rakænyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">ærkænun</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>отрезать</q></gloss></ref><?oxy_comment_end ?>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zonyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">bazonyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">ærzonun</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>узнать</q></gloss></ref> и др.<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote"><bibl><author>Bailey</author></bibl> сравнивает отношение <oRef>ræǧaw</oRef> к
|
||
<oRef>ærǧaw</oRef> с отношением <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1004"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1393" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1005" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
||
<w>rajata-</w></mentioned> к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1398" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1010" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
|
||
<w>argentum</w></mentioned>
|
||
<gloss><q>серебро</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/>
|
||
<biblScope>1960, стр. 76</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Это сравнение
|
||
предполагает, однако, что
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220521T165150+0300" comment="ок без mntnd?"?><m>ræ-</m><?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
||
| <m>ær-</m> не являются превербами. Но тогда встает вопрос об этимологии.</note> —
|
||
<bibl><author>Штакельберг</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSt."/>
|
||
<biblScope>83</biblScope>)</bibl>, а вслед за ним <bibl><author>Вс. Миллер</author>
|
||
(<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
|
||
<biblScope>10</biblScope>)</bibl> сопоставляли <oRef>ræǧaw</oRef> с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1443" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1054" xml:lang="ab"><lang/>
|
||
<w>raxw</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>стадо</q></gloss></mentioned>. Не говоря о том, что д. <oRef>ærǧaw</oRef>
|
||
остается при этом необъясненным, трудно думать в данном случае о заимствовании. Аланы сами
|
||
были вековечными конелюбами и коневодами и несомненно имели свое исконное слово для
|
||
табуна. <bibl><author>Аммиан Марцеллин</author></bibl> сообщает о них, что они не
|
||
занимаются хлебопашеством, но разводят скот, а всего больше дорожат конскими табунами
|
||
(<bibl><author>Аммиан Марцеллин</author>. <title>История</title>
|
||
<biblScope>31.2. 17–18</biblScope></bibl>). Что касается <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1464" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1075" xml:lang="ab"><lang/>
|
||
<w>raxw</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>стадо</q></gloss></mentioned>, то его следует рассматривать в связи с группой
|
||
слов в дагестанских языках: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1472" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1083" xml:lang="av"><lang/>
|
||
<w>regen</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>стадо</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>табун</q></gloss></mentioned>,
|
||
<mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1094"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1484" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1095" xml:lang="aqc"><lang/>
|
||
<w>irqi</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1489" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1100" xml:lang="tab"><lang/>
|
||
<w>irxi</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1494" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1105" xml:lang="agx"><lang/>
|
||
<w>jerxi</w>, <w>jelxi</w>, <w>ilxi</w></mentioned>
|
||
<gloss><q>табун</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СМК"/>
|
||
<biblScope>XXXVII 161</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Сюда же <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1515" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1126" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
|
||
<w>álχī</w>
|
||
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">id. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZDMG"/>
|
||
<biblScope>1884 XXXVIII 49</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. К ос.
|
||
<oRef>ræǧaw</oRef> эта группа вряд ли имеет какое-либо отношение.</etym>
|
||
<etym xml:lang="en">Cattle-breeding peoples have the concepts of <q>cattle</q> and
|
||
<q>wealth</q> closely related (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e767" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1148" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
|
||
<w>pecus</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>cattle</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e775" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1156" xml:lang="la"><w>pecunia</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>property</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>wealth</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>money</q></gloss></mentioned>); see about this under the word <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fos"/>. That is why <oRef>ræǧaw</oRef> can be traced back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e792" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1173" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">fra-gava-</w></mentioned>; cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e796" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1177" xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
|
||
<w>fraɣāw</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>wealth</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>treasure</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ghilain"/>
|
||
<biblScope>76</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Boyce"/>
|
||
<biblScope>187</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e820" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1201" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
||
<w type="rec">fraɣāw</w>
|
||
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(βrγʼw)</note>
|
||
<gloss><q>wealth</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gramm._sogd."/>
|
||
<biblScope>I 19, 45, 72, 133</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._TSP"/>
|
||
<biblScope>249</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch"/>
|
||
<biblScope>§ 325</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Therefore, the word
|
||
consists of the preverb <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e850" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1231" xml:lang="ira"><m>fra-</m></mentioned> and the stem
|
||
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e853" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1234" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">gav-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>provide</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>acquire</q></gloss></mentioned> etc.; cf.
|
||
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e864" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1245" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
||
<w>gav-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>provide</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e872" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1253" xml:lang="ae"><w>gaona-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>acquisition</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220521T172421+0300" comment="сложно подобрать слово под "добычу""?>plunder<?oxy_comment_end ?></q></gloss></mentioned>,
|
||
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e881" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1265" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
|
||
<w>gáuti</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>get</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e889" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1273" xml:lang="lt"><w>gausùs</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>plentiful</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e895" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1279" xml:lang="lt"><w>gausà</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>abundance</q></gloss></mentioned>. The semantic branching of this stem can be
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220521T172540+0300" comment="?"?>judged<?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
||
by the Ossetic words derived from it: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qawyn"><w>qawyn</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>consume</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qæwyn"><w>qæwyn</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>be needed</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_q0yddag"><w>q˳yddag</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>affair</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_q0ydy"><w>q˳ydy</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>thought</q></gloss></ref>. It less probable to see in
|
||
<w><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220521T164136+0300" comment="просто w?"?>-ǧaw<?oxy_comment_end ?></w>
|
||
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e931" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1319" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
|
||
<w>gau-</w>, <w>gav-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>cattle</q></gloss></mentioned>: the fusion of the preverb <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e941" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1330" xml:lang="ira"><m>fra-</m></mentioned> with <emph>nominal</emph>
|
||
stems is a rare phenomenon in Ossetic, as well as in Parthian and Sogdian. This etymology
|
||
allows the most satisfactory explanation of the unusual divergence of the Iron and Digor
|
||
forms: <oRef>ræ-ǧaw</oRef> | <oRef>ær-ǧaw</oRef>. This difference could have arisen when
|
||
the initial element was still conceptualized as a preverb and Digor only replaced one
|
||
preverb
|
||
(<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220521T165609+0300" comment="mntnd ос., ок?"?><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e952" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1340" xml:lang="os"><m>ræ-</m></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>) with another
|
||
(<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220521T165609+0300" comment="mntnd ос., ок?"?><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e958" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1346" xml:lang="os"><m>ær-</m></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>), as it does in some other
|
||
cases. The special preference for the preverb
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220521T165609+0300" comment="mntnd ос., ок?"?><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e963" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1351" xml:lang="os"><m>ær-</m></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> in Digor has already been mentioned
|
||
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
|
||
<biblScope>423 ff., § 86<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">7</hi></biblScope></bibl>):
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220521T164859+0300" comment="здесь сделала ссылку на kænyn и zonyn, ок?"?><ref type="xr" target="#entry_kænyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">rakænyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">ærkænun</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>cut off</q></gloss></ref><?oxy_comment_end ?>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zonyn"><w xml:lang="os-x-iron">bazonyn</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">ærzonun</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>recognize</q></gloss></ref> etc.<note type="footnote"><bibl><author>Bailey</author></bibl> compares the relation of <oRef>ræǧaw</oRef> to
|
||
<oRef>ærǧaw</oRef> with the relation of <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1392"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1005" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1393" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
||
<w>rajata-</w></mentioned> to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1010" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1398" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
|
||
<w>argentum</w></mentioned>
|
||
<gloss><q>silver</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/>
|
||
<biblScope xml:lang="en">1960, p. 76</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.
|
||
However, this comparison suggests that
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220521T165150+0300" comment="ок без mntnd?"?><m>ræ-</m><?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
||
| <m>ær-</m> are not preverbs. But then the question of etymology arises.</note> —
|
||
<bibl><author>Stackelberg</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSt."/>
|
||
<biblScope>83</biblScope>)</bibl>, and after him <bibl><author>Ws. Miller</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
|
||
<biblScope>10</biblScope>)</bibl> compared <oRef>ræǧaw</oRef> with <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1054" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1443" xml:lang="ab"><lang/>
|
||
<w>raxw</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>herd</q></gloss></mentioned>. Apart from the fact that Digor
|
||
<oRef>ærǧaw</oRef> remains unexplained, it is difficult to think about borrowing in this
|
||
case. The Alans themselves were everlasting horse lovers and horse breeders and
|
||
undoubtedly had their own original word for the herd. <bibl><author>Ammianus
|
||
Marcellinus</author></bibl> reports about them that they are not engaged in farming,
|
||
but raise cattle, and most of all they value horse herds (<bibl><author>Ammianus
|
||
Marcellinus</author>. <title>History</title>
|
||
<biblScope>31.2. 17–18</biblScope></bibl>). As for <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1075" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1464" xml:lang="ab"><lang/>
|
||
<w>raxw</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>herd</q></gloss></mentioned>, it should be considered in connection with a
|
||
group of words in Daghestan languages: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1083" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1472" xml:lang="av"><lang/>
|
||
<w>regen</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>herd</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>cattle</q></gloss></mentioned>,
|
||
<mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1483"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1095" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1484" xml:lang="aqc"><lang/>
|
||
<w>irqi</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1100" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1489" xml:lang="tab"><lang/>
|
||
<w>irxi</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1105" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1494" xml:lang="agx"><lang/>
|
||
<w>jerxi</w>, <w>jelxi</w>, <w>ilxi</w></mentioned>
|
||
<gloss><q>herd</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СМК"/>
|
||
<biblScope>XXXVII 161</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. See also <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1994e1126" xml:id="mentioned_d1994e1515" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
|
||
<w>álχī</w>
|
||
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">id. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZDMG"/>
|
||
<biblScope>1884 XXXVIII 49</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. This group is
|
||
hardly related to Ossetic <oRef>ræǧaw</oRef>.</etym>
|
||
</entry>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</text>
|
||
</TEI> |