223 lines
No EOL
18 KiB
XML
223 lines
No EOL
18 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">rædaw</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_rædaw" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<form xml:id="form_d2820e66" type="lemma"><orth>rædaw</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2820e69"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>щедрый</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>generous</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d2820e79">
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<example xml:id="example_d2820e81">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">razyn nyr <oRef>rædaw</oRef>, askʼær syl næ
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sion, xorz sæ fen</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">окажись теперь щедрым, погони на них
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(охотников) наших рогатых (= оленей), хорошо их угости</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">be generous now,
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<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220523T160322+0300" comment="???"?>drive<?oxy_comment_end ?>
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our horned (deer) to them (hunters), treat them well</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>66</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2820e110">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cas mæg˳yrdær kodtoj ujas sæ kærʒynyl kodtoj
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<oRef>rædawdær</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">чем больше они беднели, тем щедрее они
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становились на хлеб</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the poorer they got, the more generous they
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became
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<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220523T160357+0300" comment="???"?>on
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bread<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>74</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2820e137">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Berd æmæ jæ ūsy adæm bīræ warztoj sæ
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<oRef>rædaw</oRef>, kærʒyndæddony tyxxæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Берда и его жену народ очень любил за щедрость
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(и) хлебосольство</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">The people loved Berd and his wife very much
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for their generosity and hospitality</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>11</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d2820e162">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kæddæriddær adon bælccon cæwǵytæn qælʒæg æmæ
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<oRef>rædaw</oRef> fysym wydysty</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">всегда они были для проезжающих путников
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радушными и щедрыми хозяевами</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they have always been hospitable and generous
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hosts for passing travelers</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>21</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Всего вероятнее, восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e479" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e190" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<m type="rec">rātā-vant-</m></mentioned> с ослаблением корневого гласного <c>а</c> →
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<c>æ</c>, как в <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e489" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e200" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>pʼcrṭy</w></mentioned> (см. ниже). Ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e494" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e205" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>rād</w>
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<gloss><q>щедрый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e503" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e214" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
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<w>rad</w>
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<gloss><q>щедрость</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e511" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e222" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>rāt</w>
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<gloss><q>великодушный</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>щедрый</q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2820e233"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e523" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e234" xml:lang="pal-x-pazend"><lang/>
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<w>rādi</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e528" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e239" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>rātīh</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>великодушие</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e536" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e247" xml:lang="sog-x-man"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">rāt</w> (<w>rʼt</w>) <gloss><q>дар</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e547" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e258" xml:lang="sog-x-man"><w type="rec">pācrāt</w> (<w>pʼcrʼt</w>)
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<gloss><q>вознаграждение</q></gloss>
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<note type="comment">из <m type="rec">pati-rāta-</m></note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e561" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e272" xml:lang="sog-x-chr"><lang/>
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<w>pācratē</w>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<w>pʼcrty</w> — косвенный падеж)</note></mentioned>
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(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._BBB"/>
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<biblScope>130, 133</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch"/>
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<biblScope>§§ 121, 674</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e582" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e293" xml:lang="sog-x-man"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">rātōx</w> (<w>rʼtwx</w>) <gloss><q>дарующий</q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e596" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e304" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<m>rātā-</m>, <m>rāiti-</m>
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<gloss><q>дар</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e606" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e314" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<m>rāti-</m>
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<gloss><q>благосклонный</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>щедрый</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>дар</q></gloss></mentioned> от глагола <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e620" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e328" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><m>rā-</m>, <w>rāti</w>
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<gloss><q>давать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>дарить</q></gloss></mentioned>. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e632" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e340" xml:lang="xcl"><lang>Арм.</lang>
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<w>aṙatʼ</w>
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<gloss><q>обильный</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>щедрый</q></gloss></mentioned> одни относят
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сюда же и рассматривают как заимствование из иранского (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/>
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<biblScope>107</biblScope></bibl>), другие считают <w>aṙatʼ</w> исконно армянским словом
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и возводят к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e650" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e358" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
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<w>pro-dos</w>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Mann</author>
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<biblScope>29</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Формально и по значению нет
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препятствий к тому, чтобы и <oRef>rædaw</oRef> возводить к <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2820e373"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e666" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e374" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<m type="rec">fra-dā-</m></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e672" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e380" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
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<m>pro-dō-</m></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>давать</q></gloss></mentioned>. Но в этом случае пришлось бы оторвать
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осетинское слово от вышеприведенных иранских, что вряд ли допустимо. — <bibl><author>Вс.
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Миллер</author></bibl> сопоставлял <oRef>rædaw</oRef> с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e686" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e394" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<m>rādah-</m>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(по <bibl><author>Миллер</author>у</bibl> —
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<gloss><q>приношение</q></gloss>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e700" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e409" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<m>rādhas-</m>
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<gloss><q>милость</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>дар</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>II 88</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, а позднее — с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e719" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e428" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<m>vratavant-</m>
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<gloss><q>выполняющий (религиозный) обет</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller_IF_21"/>, <biblScope>стр.
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330</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e735" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e444" xml:lang="sog"><lang>Согд.</lang>
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<w>rδy</w>, <w>rδδy</w>
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<gloss><q>favourable</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>fécondant</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._TSP"/>
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<biblScope>269</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> следует связать с приведенными
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e757" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e466" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<m>rādah-</m></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e762" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e471" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<m>rādhas-</m></mentioned>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Most likely, it goes back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e190" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e479" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<m type="rec">rātā-vant-</m></mentioned> with the weakening of the stem vowel <c>a</c> →
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<c>æ</c>, as in <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e200" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e489" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>pʼcrṭy</w></mentioned> (see below). Cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e205" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e494" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>rād</w>
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<gloss><q>generous</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e214" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e503" xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
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<w>rad</w>
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<gloss><q>generosity</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e222" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e511" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>rāt</w>
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<gloss><q>big-hearted</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>generous</q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2820e522"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e234" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e523" xml:lang="pal-x-pazend"><lang/>
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<w>rādi</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e239" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e528" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>rātīh</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>magnanimity</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e247" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e536" xml:lang="sog-x-man"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">rāt</w> (<w>rʼt</w>) <gloss><q>gift</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e258" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e547" xml:lang="sog-x-man"><w type="rec">pācrāt</w> (<w>pʼcrʼt</w>)
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<gloss><q>reward</q></gloss>
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<note type="comment">from <m type="rec">pati-rāta-</m></note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e272" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e561" xml:lang="sog-x-chr"><lang/>
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<w>pācratē</w>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<w>pʼcrty</w> is the oblique case)</note></mentioned>
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(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._BBB"/>
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<biblScope>130, 133</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch"/>
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<biblScope>§§ 121, 674</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e293" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e582" xml:lang="sog-x-man"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">rātōx</w> (<w>rʼtwx</w>)
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<gloss><q><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220523T160749+0300" comment="или giving?"?>bestower<?oxy_comment_end ?></q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e304" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e596" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<m>rātā-</m>, <m>rāiti-</m>
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<gloss><q>gift</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e314" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e606" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<m>rāti-</m>
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<gloss><q>benevolent</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>generous</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>gift</q></gloss></mentioned> from the verb <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e328" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e620" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><m>rā-</m>, <w>rāti</w>
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<gloss><q>give</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>make a present</q></gloss></mentioned>. Some
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researchers also mention <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e340" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e632" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>aṙatʼ</w>
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<gloss><q>abundant</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>generous</q></gloss></mentioned> and
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considered it as a borrowing from Iranian (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Arm._Gr."/>
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<biblScope>107</biblScope></bibl>), other think that <w>aṙatʼ</w> is the original
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Armenian word and trace it back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e358" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e650" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
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<w>pro-dos</w>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Mann</author>
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<biblScope>29</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Formally and in meaning, there
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are no obstacles to trace <oRef>rædaw</oRef> as well to <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2820e665"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e374" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e666" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<m type="rec">fra-dā-</m></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e380" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e672" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
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<m>pro-dō-</m></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>give</q></gloss></mentioned>. But in this case, the Ossetic word would have to
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be torn off from the above Iranian ones, which is hardly acceptable. — <bibl><author>Ws.
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Miller</author></bibl> compared <oRef>rædaw</oRef> with <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e394" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e686" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<m>rādah-</m>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(according to <bibl><author>Miller</author></bibl> it means
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<gloss><q>offering</q></gloss>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e409" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e700" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<m>rādhas-</m>
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<gloss><q>mercy</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>gift</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>II 88</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, and later with <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e428" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e719" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<m>vratavant-</m>
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<gloss><q>fulfilling a (religious) vow</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller_IF_21"/>, <biblScope> p.
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330</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e444" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e735" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>rδy</w>, <w>rδδy</w>
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<gloss><q>favourable</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>fécondant</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._TSP"/>
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<biblScope>269</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> should be related to the
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aforementioned <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e466" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e757" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<m>rādah-</m></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2820e471" xml:id="mentioned_d2820e762" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<m>rādhas-</m></mentioned>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI> |