208 lines
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19 KiB
XML
208 lines
No EOL
19 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">rwajyn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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||
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
|
||
<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_rwajyn" xml:lang="os-x-iron" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<form xml:id="form_d91e66" type="lemma"><orth>rwajyn</orth><form xml:id="form_d91e68" type="participle"><orth>rwad</orth></form></form>
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d91e74"><sense xml:id="sense_d91e75"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>сседаться</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>shrink</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d91e84"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>ссыхаться</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>shrivel</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d91e93"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>вянуть</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>wither</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d91e103">
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<example xml:id="example_d91e105">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kærdæg ægær raǵy k˳y nykkærdaj, wæd
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<oRef>barwajy</oRef> æmæ nīcy axady</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">если траву скосить слишком рано, она сседается
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и в ней нет проку</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">if the grass is mowed too early, it shrinks and
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there is no use in it</q>
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</tr>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d91e125">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sabitæ… bynton
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<oRef>barwadysty</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">дети совсем увяли (стали хилыми,
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тщедушными)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the children have completely withered (they
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have become frail, puny)</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
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<biblScope>1956 II 37</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d91e149">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Sanet <oRef>rwadī</oRef> mætæj, fæstagmæ aftæ
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smællæg æmæ kʼæsæryl axīzynqom nal wyd</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Санет увядала от тоски, под конец так исхудала,
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что не в силах была перешагнуть через порог</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Sanet
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<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220531T131613+0300" comment="?"?>was
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withering from longing<?oxy_comment_end ?>, in the end she became so thin that she
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could not step over the doorstep</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
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<biblScope>1957 X 67</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d91e178">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Farizet… fydbinonty xsæn baxawdī æmæ
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rwadī</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Фаризет попала в недобрую семью и увядала</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Farizet got into an unkind family and
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withered</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
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<biblScope>135</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e488" xml:id="mentioned_d91e204" xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220406T103501+0300" comment="пишу здесь условно иран. потому что везде хз"?><w type="rec">ræ-wajyn</w><?oxy_comment_end ?></mentioned>, восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e494" xml:id="mentioned_d91e210" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">fra-wā-</w></mentioned> и содержит иранский и
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индоевропейский корень <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e498" xml:id="mentioned_d91e214" xml:lang="ira" extralang="ine"><w type="rec">wā-</w>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(вариант <w type="rec">wai-</w>, <w type="rec">wei-</w>)</note>
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<gloss><q>исчезать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>сходить на нет</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>гаснуть</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>сохнуть</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>вянуть</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>истощаться</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>изнуряться</q></gloss></mentioned>. Ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e537" xml:id="mentioned_d91e249" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>fra-vā</w>
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<gloss><q>гаснуть</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e545" xml:id="mentioned_d91e257" xml:lang="ae"><w>fra-vāyōit</w>
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<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">чтобы погас</q></gloss></mentioned>; сюда же
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(вопреки <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/>
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<biblScope>1407</biblScope></bibl>) <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e558" xml:id="mentioned_d91e270" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>vā</w>
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<gloss><q>deficere</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e566" xml:id="mentioned_d91e278" xml:lang="ae"><w>uyamna-</w>
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<gloss><q>недостающий</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e572" xml:id="mentioned_d91e284" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>vā</w>
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<gloss><q>истощаться</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>гаснуть</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>сохнуть</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e586" xml:id="mentioned_d91e298" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>pravāta-</w>
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<gloss><q>истощенный</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>изнуренный</q></gloss>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(= ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7rvad"/>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e603" xml:id="mentioned_d91e312" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>vāna-</w>
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<gloss><q>усохший</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e610" xml:id="mentioned_d91e319" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>upavāyati</w>
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<gloss><q>усыхать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e616" xml:id="mentioned_d91e325" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>udvāyati</w>
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<gloss><q>гаснуть</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e622" xml:id="mentioned_d91e331" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>abhivāta-</w>
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<gloss><q>хилый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e628" xml:id="mentioned_d91e337" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>vānus</w>
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<gloss><q>пустой</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e636" xml:id="mentioned_d91e345" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
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<w>wans</w>
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<gloss><q>лишенный</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>недостающий</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(см. в особенности: <bibl><author>К. Hoffmann</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSS"/>
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<biblScope>XX 26, 34–35, прим. 3</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Вариант
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e657" xml:id="mentioned_d91e366" xml:lang="ira" extralang="ine"><w type="rec">wei-</w>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
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<biblScope>1123, ²<w>wei</w></biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> представлен в <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e672" xml:id="mentioned_d91e381" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>viescere</w>
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<gloss><q>вянуть</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>сморщиваться</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>съеживаться</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>ссыхаться</q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e689" xml:id="mentioned_d91e398" xml:lang="la"><w>vietus</w>
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<gloss><q>увядший</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>дряхлый</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e698" xml:id="mentioned_d91e407" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>vẏsti</w>
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<gloss><q>вянуть</q></gloss></mentioned>.<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">К этому
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этимологическому гнезду следует отнести, вероятно, и <hi rendition="#rend_bold">авестийский</hi> глагол <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e711" xml:id="mentioned_d91e420" xml:lang="ae"><w>vay-</w>, <w>vīnaoiti</w>
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<gloss><q>убивать</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/>
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<biblScope>1356</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, который по значению стоит
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в каузативном отношении к вышеприведенным: <q>сходить на нет</q> — <q>сводить на
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нет</q>.</note> Сюда же <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æwwajyn" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>æwwajyn</w>
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<gloss><q>сжиматься</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>садиться</q></gloss>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(о ткани)</note></ref> ← <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e749" xml:id="mentioned_d91e455" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ham-vā-</w></mentioned>. Корни <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e754" xml:id="mentioned_d91e460" xml:lang="ira" extralang="ine"><w type="rec">wei-</w>
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<gloss><q>вянуть</q></gloss></mentioned> и <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e761" xml:id="mentioned_d91e467" xml:lang="ira" extralang="ine"><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220406T105016+0300" comment="тоже хз иран или нет"?><w>wei-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<gloss><q>скручивать(ся)</q></gloss></mentioned> (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_byjyn"/>) в конечном счете, вероятно, идентичны (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ernout-Meillet"/>
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<biblScope>1106–1107 s.v. <w>vieo</w></biblScope></bibl>).</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">From <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e204" xml:id="mentioned_d91e488" xml:lang="ira"><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220406T103501+0300" comment="пишу здесь условно иран. потому что везде хз"?><w type="rec">ræ-wajyn</w><?oxy_comment_end ?></mentioned>, traces back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e210" xml:id="mentioned_d91e494" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">fra-wā-</w></mentioned> and contains the Iranian and
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Indo-European stem <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e214" xml:id="mentioned_d91e498" xml:lang="ira" extralang="ine"><w type="rec">wā-</w>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(variants: <w type="rec">wai-</w>, <w type="rec">wei-</w>)</note>
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<gloss><q>disappear</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220531T132718+0300" comment="здесь и ниже в этом месте хз про перевод"?>fade<?oxy_comment_end ?>
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away</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>die down</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>dry up</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>wither</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>dwindle</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>get
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exhausted</q></gloss></mentioned>. Cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e249" xml:id="mentioned_d91e537" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>fra-vā</w>
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<gloss><q>die down</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e257" xml:id="mentioned_d91e545" xml:lang="ae"><w>fra-vāyōit</w>
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<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">so that it died down</q></gloss></mentioned>;
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see also (contra <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/>
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<biblScope>1407</biblScope></bibl>) <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e270" xml:id="mentioned_d91e558" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>vā</w>
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<gloss><q>deficere</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e278" xml:id="mentioned_d91e566" xml:lang="ae"><w>uyamna-</w>
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<gloss><q>lacking</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e284" xml:id="mentioned_d91e572" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>vā</w>
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<gloss><q>dwindle</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>die down</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>dry</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e298" xml:id="mentioned_d91e586" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>pravāta-</w>
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<gloss><q>exhausted</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>depleted</q></gloss>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(= Ossetic
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<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220531T132155+0300" comment="правильный хреф?"?><ref type="xr" target="#entry_7rvad"><w>rwad</w></ref><?oxy_comment_end ?>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e312" xml:id="mentioned_d91e603" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>vāna-</w>
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<gloss><q>shrunken</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e319" xml:id="mentioned_d91e610" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>upavāyati</w>
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<gloss><q>shrink</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e325" xml:id="mentioned_d91e616" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>udvāyati</w>
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<gloss><q>die down</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e331" xml:id="mentioned_d91e622" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>abhivāta-</w>
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<gloss><q>frail</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e337" xml:id="mentioned_d91e628" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>vānus</w>
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<gloss><q>empty</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e345" xml:id="mentioned_d91e636" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
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<w>wans</w>
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<gloss><q>deprived</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>lacking</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(see in particular: <bibl><author>K. Hoffmann</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSS"/>
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<biblScope>XX 26, 34–35, fn. 3</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. The variant
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e366" xml:id="mentioned_d91e657" xml:lang="ira" extralang="ine"><w type="rec">wei-</w>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
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<biblScope>1123, ²<w>wei</w></biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> is present in <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e381" xml:id="mentioned_d91e672" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
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<w>viescere</w>
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<gloss><q>wither</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>shrivel</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>cringe</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>shrink</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e398" xml:id="mentioned_d91e689" xml:lang="la"><w>vietus</w>
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<gloss><q>withered</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>decrepit</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e407" xml:id="mentioned_d91e698" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>vẏsti</w>
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<gloss><q>wither</q></gloss></mentioned>.<note type="footnote">This etymological group
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should probably include <hi rendition="#rend_bold">Avestan</hi> verb <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e420" xml:id="mentioned_d91e711" xml:lang="ae"><w>vay-</w>, <w>vīnaoiti</w>
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<gloss><q>kill</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/>
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<biblScope>1356</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, which stands in causative
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relation to the above: <q>fade away</q> — <q>make fade away</q>.</note> See also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æwwajyn" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>æwwajyn</w>
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<gloss><q>shrink</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220531T132933+0300" comment="не знаю как еще сказать"?>shrink<?oxy_comment_end ?></q></gloss>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(about cloth)</note></ref> ← <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e455" xml:id="mentioned_d91e749" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ham-vā-</w></mentioned>. The stems <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e460" xml:id="mentioned_d91e754" xml:lang="ira" extralang="ine"><w type="rec">wei-</w>
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<gloss><q>wither</q></gloss></mentioned> and <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d91e467" xml:id="mentioned_d91e761" xml:lang="ira" extralang="ine"><?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220406T105016+0300" comment="тоже хз иран или нет"?><w>wei-</w><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<gloss><q>twist</q></gloss></mentioned> (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_byjyn"/>) are
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probably identical in the end (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ernout-Meillet"/>
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<biblScope>1106–1107 s.v. <w>vieo</w></biblScope></bibl>).</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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||
</text>
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||
</TEI> |