203 lines
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12 KiB
XML
203 lines
No EOL
12 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">tæbækk</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_tæbækk" xml:lang="os-x-iron" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230206T201623+0300" comment="Russian checked"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d4220e66" type="lemma"><orth>tæbækk</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4220e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>расплюснутый</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>flattened</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>плоский</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>flat</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">вариант — </note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">a variant is </note>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>sæbækk</orth>; <orth>nyttæbækk kænyn</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">расплющить</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">to flatten</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">переносно </note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">figuratively </note>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>поколотить</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to beat up</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>nyttæbækk wyn, batæbækk wyn</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">утратить выпуклость</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">to lose bulge</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>расплющиться</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to flatten out</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>впасть</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to fall in</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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</re>
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</sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kærty jæ k’æssa <oRef>tæbækkæj</oRef> k˳y
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fedta, wæd nyrdiag kodta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда он увидел по дворе свой мешок
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расплющенным (опустевшим), он завопил</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">when he saw his sack flattened (emptied) across
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the yard, he wailed</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Аргъ."/>
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<biblScope>51</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>tæbækk</oRef> mardæj typpyr mard
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x˳yzdær</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">тучный мертвец лучше плоского</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a fat dead man is better than a flat one</q>
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</tr>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (лучше умереть
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сытым, чем голодным)</note>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (it is better to
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die well-fed than hungry)</note>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сл."/></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Идеофоны данного звукового типа со значением
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<gloss><q>плоский</q></gloss> и т. п. встречаются в ряде генетически не связанных языков
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и не обязательно восходят к одному источнику. Ср. <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>t’apak’</w>
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<gloss><q>плоский</q>, <q>расплющенный</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ar" extralang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>ṯabaq</w>, <w>ṯabaqa</w>
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<gloss><q>слой</q>, <q>пласт</q>, <q>лист (бумаги)</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>tabaq</w>
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<gloss>id.</gloss></mentioned> Вероятно, сюда же <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tʼaf6f9æ" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>t’affæ</w>
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<gloss><q>лист</q></gloss></ref>. Созвучные слова для <gloss><q>лотка</q>,
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<q>блюда</q></gloss> см. выше под словом <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæbæǧ"/>. В
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порядке <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">элементарного родства</q> можно отнести сюда и
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слова со значением <gloss><q>бить</q>, <q>топтать</q> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">расплющивать</q>)</gloss>: <mentioned xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">tup-</w>, <w type="rec">tep-</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>топот</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>топтать</w></mentioned>,
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<mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>тяпать</w></mentioned>), <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>τόρτω</w>
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<gloss><q>бить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><w>τόπος</w>
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<gloss><q>удар</q>, <q>оттиск</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>tap</w>
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<gloss><q>удар</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><w>tapta</w>
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<gloss><q>топтать</q>, <q>приплюснуть</q></gloss></mentioned>; далее, слова со значением
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<gloss><q>тупой</q></gloss>: <mentioned xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">tomp-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>тупой</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>stumpf</w></mentioned> и пр. Ср. <mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>t’æpp</w>
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<gloss><q>удар</q></gloss>, <w>t’æpæn</w>
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<gloss><q>плоский</q>, <q>низкий</q>, <q>приземистый</q></gloss></mentioned>.
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Парадоксальным образом эта же идеофоническая модель (<c>t</c> — <c>p</c>, <c>t</c> —
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<c>b</c>) используется для понятий <gloss><q>выпуклого</q>, <q>круглого</q></gloss> и т.
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п.; см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tymbyl"><w>tymbyl</w></ref>. — Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sæbækk"/>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Ideophones of this sound type, meaning <gloss><q>flat</q></gloss>, etc.,
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are found in a number of genetically unrelated languages and do not necessarily originate
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from the same source. Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>t’apak’</w>
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<gloss><q>flat</q>, <q>flattened</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ar" extralang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>ṯabaq</w>, <w>ṯabaqa</w>
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<gloss><q>layer</q>, <q>seam</q>, <q>sheet (of paper)</q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>tabaq</w>
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<gloss>id.</gloss></mentioned> Probably the same goes for <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tʼaf6f9æ" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>t’affæ</w>
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<gloss><q>sheet</q></gloss></ref>. Consonant words for <gloss><q>tray</q>,
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<q>dish</q></gloss> see above under the word <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæbæǧ"/>. By
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<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">elementary kinship</q>, words with the meaning
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<gloss><q>to beat</q>, <q>to trample</q> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">to
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flatten</q>)</gloss> can also be included here: <mentioned xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">tup-</w>, <w type="rec">tep-</w></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="ru"><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20230320T032701+0300" comment="add translations"?><lang/><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<w>topot</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>toptatʼ</w></mentioned>,
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<mentioned xml:lang="ru"><w>tjapatʼ</w></mentioned>), <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>τόρτω</w>
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<gloss><q>to beat</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><w>τόπος</w>
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<gloss><q>hit</q>, <q>imprint</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>tap</w>
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<gloss><q>beat</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><w>tapta</w>
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<gloss><q>to stomp</q>, <q>to flatten</q></gloss></mentioned>; further come words
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meaning <gloss><q>dumb</q></gloss>: <mentioned xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">tomp-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>tupoj</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>stumpf</w></mentioned>, etc. Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>t’æpp</w>
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<gloss><q>hit</q></gloss>, <w>t’æpæn</w>
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<gloss><q>flat</q>, <q>short</q>, <q>chunky</q></gloss></mentioned>. Paradoxically, the
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same ideophonic model (<c>t</c> — <c>p</c>, <c>t</c> — <c>b</c>) is used for the concepts
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of <gloss><q>convex</q>, <q>circular</q></gloss>, etc.; see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tymbyl"><w>tymbyl</w></ref>. — Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sæbækk"/>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI> |