abaev-xml/entries/abaev_wæs_1.xml
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">wæs_1</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. AKʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">????</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "" "";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
</tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_wæs_1" n="1" xml:lang="os-x-digor" abv:completeness="incomplete">
<form xml:id="form_d5951e66" type="lemma"><orth>wæs</orth></form>
<usg><lang/></usg>
<sense xml:id="sense_d5951e69">
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>теленок</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>calf</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<formGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
<form xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="plural" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><gram/><orth>wæsitæ<?oxy_comment_start author="админ" timestamp="20230331T125641+0300" comment="не знаю, праивильно ли оформлено, должны разделяться ;"?></orth></form>
</formGrp>
<formGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
<form xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="variant" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><bibl><author>Guldenstädt</author> (<date>1791</date>)</bibl>:
<orth>was</orth></form>
</formGrp>
<formGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
<form xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="variant"><bibl><author>Klaproth</author> (<date>1814</date>)</bibl>:
<orth>wass</orth></form>
</formGrp>
<formGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
<form xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="variant" xml:lang="os"><bibl><author>Ws.
Miller</author> (<date>1882</date>)</bibl>: <orth>wæss</orth></form>
</formGrp>
<formGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment">в современной
литературе господствует форма </note>
<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment">in the modern
literature prevails the form </note>
<form xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="variant" xml:lang="os"><orth>wæs</orth></form>
</formGrp>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">;<?oxy_comment_end ?> и. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræwæd"/> id</note>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; Iron <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræwæd"/> id</note>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bæǧænvadæj næ <oRef>wæsitæ</oRef> cʼæx
zældæbæl xizton</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">босиком наших телят я пас на зеленой траве</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">barefoot I grazed our calves on the green
grass</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Тайм._Ӕмдз."/>
<biblScope>29</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sabitæ raskʼardtoncæ xezunmæ wælitæ æma
<oRef>wæsitæ</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ребята погнали на пастьбу ягнят и телят</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">children drove lambs and calves to graze</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
<date>1949</date>
<biblScope>II 31</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ǧogi kʼax wæs næ maruj</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">нога коровы не убьет теленка</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a cow's leg won't kill a calf</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">поговорка;
</note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">a proverb; </note><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
<biblScope>II 128</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">es ixæs ivard cæmæj 1931 anzi kæronmæ
sovxoztæn lævard ærcæwa 1.7 miliwan stori, 2.5 miliwan særi
<oRef>wæsitæ</oRef>...</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">поставлена задача, чтобы к концу 1931 года
совхозам было предоставлено 1.7 миллиона коров и быков, 2.5 миллиона голов
телят...</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the task was set to provide state farms with
1.7 million of cows and bulls, 2.5 million head of calves by the end of 1931...</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_FS"/>
<biblScope>V 54</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ǧæwama sǧombæl kænoj 5.5 miliwan
<oRef>wæsi</oRef>...</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">должны вырастить 5.5 миллиона телят</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">[they] must raise 5.5 million of calves</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_FS"/>
<biblScope>V 54</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к иран. <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wasa-</w>, <w type="rec">wassa-</w></mentioned>, ар. <mentioned xml:lang="iir"><w type="rec">watsa-</w></mentioned> от индоевропейской базы <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">wet</w>
<gloss><q>год</q></gloss></mentioned> (ср. <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>vatsara-</w>
<gloss><q>год</q></gloss></mentioned>) (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
<biblScope>1175</biblScope></bibl>), собственно — <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">одногодок</q></gloss><hi rendition="#rend_superscript">1</hi>.<note type="footnote">Сюда — по соответствию <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>matsya-</w></mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>masya-</w>
<gloss><q>рыба</q></gloss></mentioned>, группа <c>ts</c> давала в Авесте <c>s</c>. Но
засвидетельствованная <name>Клапротом</name> и <name>Миллером</name> осетинская форма
<oRef>wæss</oRef> говорит о параллельном существовании <mentioned xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
<w type="rec">wassa-</w></mentioned>.</note> Отсутствует в Авесте, но хорошо
представлено в новоиранских языках: <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/> (диалект Лар)
<w>gowac</w> буквально <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">дитя (<w>wac</w>)
коровы (<w>go</w>)</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
<w>wahīk</w> (←<w type="rec">waθīk</w><w type="rec">wasīk</w>)
<gloss><q>козленок</q></gloss></mentioned> (сюда же относят <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>bačča</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
<w>waččak</w>
<gloss><q>детеныш</q></gloss></mentioned>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_GIPh."/>
<biblScope>I <hi rendition="#rend_italic">2</hi> 71</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
<w>gwask</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
<w>vasa</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
<w>wasök</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
<w>wůsuk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
<w>wůs</w>, мн. ч. <w>wasaθ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
<w>wəsk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
<w>wišk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="prc"><lang/>
<w>γasö</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="oru"><lang/>
<w>γwac</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
<biblScope>24</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="lrl"><lang/> (дер. Бастак)
<w>gowac</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
<w type="rec">wasik</w> (<w>wsyk</w>)</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
<w>basaka-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>vatsa-</w>
<gloss><q>теленок</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-dardic"><lang/>
<w>wasāk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="si"><lang/><w>vassā</w> id.</mentioned>
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Turner"/>
<biblScope>I 655</biblScope></bibl>). — В разное время и из разной среды (из
общеарийского, общеиранского, скифского, аланского) усвоено в угро-финские языки:
<mentioned xml:lang="fi"><lang/>
<w>vasa</w>, <w>vasikka</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="krl"><lang/>
<w>vasa</w>, <w>vaza</w>, <w>vaša</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="et"><lang/>
<w>vasik</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-mordvin"><lang/>
<w>vaz</w>, <w>vaza</w>
<gloss><q>теленок</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mns"><lang/>
<w>vësi</w>
<gloss><q>теленок оленя</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="hu"><lang/>
<w>üszö</w>
<gloss><q>телка</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Munkácsi</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KSz."/>
<biblScope>V 321</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Sköld._Oss."/>
<biblScope>37</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Collinder"/>
<biblScope>139</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Korenchy"/>
<biblScope>83—84</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Joki._UuI"/>
<biblScope>338—339</biblScope></bibl>). Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræwæd"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qūg"/>. О возможной этимологической связи между <oRef/> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræwæd"/> (<mentioned xml:lang="oos"><w type="rec">wat-sa</w></mentioned> и <mentioned xml:lang="oos"><w type="rec">jra-wata</w></mentioned>) см.: <bibl><author>Трубачев</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ВЯ"/>
<date>1975</date>
<biblScope>I 134</biblScope></bibl>. — Неясно, имеют ли отношение к осетинскому слову
<mentioned xml:lang="ab"><lang/>
<w>a-wasa</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="abq"><lang/>
<w>wasa</w>
<gloss><q>овца</q></gloss>, <w>ẋwəs</w>
<gloss><q>теленок</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
<w>esi</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
<w>hasa</w>, <w>hásilg</w> id.</mentioned> (<bibl><author>Шерипов</author>.
<title>Русско-чеч. сл.</title>
<pubPlace>Грозный</pubPlace>, <date>1929</date>, <biblScope>стр.
257</biblScope></bibl>). <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
<biblScope>II 82, III 153</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
<biblScope>24, 75</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
<biblScope>31</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to the Iranian <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">wasa-</w>, <w type="rec">wassa-</w></mentioned>, Aryan <mentioned xml:lang="iir"><w type="rec">watsa-</w></mentioned> from the Indo-European base <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">wet</w>
<gloss><q>year</q></gloss></mentioned> (cf. <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>vatsara-</w>
<gloss><q>year</q></gloss></mentioned>) (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
<biblScope>1175</biblScope></bibl>), literally it means <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">animal born in the same year</q></gloss><hi rendition="#rend_superscript">1</hi>.<note type="footnote">Cognates are <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>matsya-</w></mentioned> and <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>masya-</w>
<gloss><q>fish</q></gloss></mentioned>, the cluster <c>ts</c> resulted in <c>s</c> in
Avesta. But attested by <name>Klaproth</name> and <name>Miller</name> Ossetic form
<oRef>wæss</oRef> speaks for a parallel existence of <mentioned xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
<w type="rec">wassa-</w></mentioned>.</note> It is absent in Avesta, but it's well
represented in Iranian languages: <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/> (Lar dialect)
<w>gowac</w>, which is literally <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">child
(<w>wac</w>) of a cow (<w>go</w>)</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
<w>wahīk</w> (←<w type="rec">waθīk</w><w type="rec">wasīk</w>) <gloss><q>baby
goat</q></gloss></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>bačča</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
<w>waččak</w>
<gloss><q>cub</q></gloss></mentioned>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_GIPh."/>
<biblScope>I <hi rendition="#rend_italic">2</hi> 71</biblScope></bibl> are considered to
be cognates of this word), <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
<w>gwask</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
<w>vasa</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
<w>wasök</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
<w>wůsuk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yah"><lang/>
<w>wůs</w>, pl. <w>wasaθ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
<w>wəsk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
<w>wišk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="prc"><lang/>
<w>γasö</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="oru"><lang/>
<w>γwac</w></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._EVP"/>
<biblScope>24</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="lrl"><lang/> (the Bastak
village) <w>gowac</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
<w type="rec">wasik</w> (<w>wsyk</w>)</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
<w>basaka-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>vatsa-</w>
<gloss><q>culf</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-dardic"><lang/>
<w>wasāk</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="si"><lang/><w>vassā</w> id.</mentioned>
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Turner"/>
<biblScope>I 655</biblScope></bibl>). — At different times and from different languages
(from pan-Aryan, pan-Iranian, Scythian, Alanian) this word was borrowed into Finno-Ugric
languages: <mentioned xml:lang="fi"><lang/>
<w>vasa</w>, <w>vasikka</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="krl"><lang/>
<w>vasa</w>, <w>vaza</w>, <w>vaša</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="et"><lang/>
<w>vasik</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-mordvin"><lang/>
<w>vaz</w>, <w>vaza</w>
<gloss><q>calf</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mns"><lang/>
<w>vësi</w>
<gloss><q>deer calf</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="hu"><lang/>
<w>üszö</w>
<gloss><q>heifer</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Munkácsi</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KSz."/>
<biblScope>V 321</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Sköld._Oss."/>
<biblScope>37</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Collinder"/>
<biblScope>139</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Korenchy"/>
<biblScope>83—84</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Joki._UuI"/>
<biblScope>338—339</biblScope></bibl>). Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræwæd"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_qūg"/>. About a probable etymological connection between
<oRef/> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræwæd"/> (<mentioned xml:lang="oos"><w type="rec">wat-sa</w></mentioned> and <mentioned xml:lang="oos"><w type="rec">jra-wata</w></mentioned>) see: <bibl><author>Trubačev</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ВЯ"/>
<date>1975</date>
<biblScope>I 134</biblScope></bibl>. — It is unclear whether <mentioned xml:lang="ab"><lang/>
<w>a-wasa</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="abq"><lang/>
<w>wasa</w>
<gloss><q>sheep</q></gloss>, <w>ẋwəs</w>
<gloss><q>calf</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
<w>esi</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inh"><lang/>
<w>hasa</w>, <w>hásilg</w> id.</mentioned> relate to the Ossetic word
(<bibl><author>Šeripov</author>. <title>Russko-čeč. sl.</title>
[<title>Russian-Chechen dictionary</title>]. <pubPlace>Groznyj</pubPlace>,
<date>1929</date>, <biblScope>p. 257</biblScope></bibl>). <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
<biblScope>II 82, III 153</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
<biblScope>24, 75</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
<biblScope>31</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>