285 lines
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17 KiB
XML
285 lines
No EOL
17 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">wyrz</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_wyrz" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d1080e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>wyrz</orth></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>urz</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1080e69">
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>конец пальца</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>fingertip</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> точнее </note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> more precisely </note>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>мякоть на крайних фалангах пальцев</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>pads on fingertips</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">в <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СОПам."/>
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(<biblScope>II 88<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">71</hi></biblScope>)</bibl> дается
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для дигорского также значение </note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">in <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СОПам."/>
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(<biblScope>II 88<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">71</hi></biblScope>)</bibl> for
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Digor is given also the meaning </note>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>осязание</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>touch</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>wyrzacawæj</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>наощупь</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>by feel</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>ощупью</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>gropingly</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_acawun"/>)</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_acawun"/>)</note>
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</re>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>wyrzæj skaryn</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">обследовать ощупью</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">to grope (for)</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(k˳yrm Ajdemyr) jæ gærztyl
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<oRef>wyrztæ</oRef> skargæ k˳y raxæssy</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(слепой Айдемир) проводит ощупью концами
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пальцев по своему оружию</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(the blind Ajdemir) runs his fingertips along
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his weapon by feel</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Хар._Кадӕг"/>
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<biblScope>20</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dæ zærond fyd... dæ mærdon bwar
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<oRef>wyrztæj</oRef> askary</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">твой старый отец проводит пальцами по твоему
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мертвому телу</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">your old father runs his fingers over your dead
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body</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Хар._Уац."/>
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<biblScope>44</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Aka kardy kom <oRef>wyrzæj</oRef>
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asgærsta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Ака пощупал пальцем лезвие шашки</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Aka touched the edge of the saber with his
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finger</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нафи"/>
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<biblScope>259</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ <oRef>wyrzty</oRef> ’xsæn kʼ˳ymbīly īsty
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qæbær k˳y fæzyny, wæd æj ratony æmæ jæ īwvars appary</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда между ее пальцами в шерсти оказывается
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что-нибудь твердое, она вырывает его и отбрасывает прочь</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">when between her fingers in wool there occurs
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something solid, she pulls that out and throws it away</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
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<date>1972</date>
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<biblScope>VII 40</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æ <oRef>urzi</oRef> ævdesuj ew ærdo</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">на конце своего пальца он показывает одну
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волосинку</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">on his fingertip he shows one hair</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">
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<biblScope>from the materials of G. <name>Kokiev</name></biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Totaj... ǧæwama æ loli maxorkæ nikkæna, æ
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<oRef>urzæj</oRef> æj ʒævgaræ ninnænʒænæj, wædta ibæl æxsedarfæj zing
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baftawʒænæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Тотай должен насыпать в свою трубку махорку,
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пальцем долго будет ее набивать, потом головешкой зажжет ее</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Totaj must pour shag into his pipe, he will
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stuff it for a long time with his finger, then [he] will lit it with a firebrand</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
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<date>1956</date>
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<biblScope>VII 53</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">næ <oRef>urzi</oRef> ǧæstæ næma dæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">тебя еще не коснулись наши пальцы (<q>мы еще не
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добрались до тебя</q>)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">our fingers haven't yet touched you (<q>we
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haven't reached you yet</q>)</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes."/>
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<biblScope>95</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ <oRef>wyrztæ</oRef> jyl ærwaǧta</quote>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (шутливо) </note>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (jokingly) </note>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">опустил на него концы пальцев</q>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> = <q>намял ему
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бока</q>, <q>поколотил</q></note>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment"> = <q>намял ему
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бока</q>, <q>поколотил</q></note>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">[he] put fingertips down on him</q>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="comment"> = <q>knocked him around</q>,
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<q>beat him up</q></note>
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</tr>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Ос. <oRef/> | <oRef>urz</oRef> относится к <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>ərəzu-</w>
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<gloss><q>палец</q></gloss></mentioned>, как oc. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wyrdyg"><w>wyrdyg</w> | <w>urdug</w></ref> к <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>arədva-</w>
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<gloss><q>отвесный</q></gloss></mentioned>. В том и другом случае приходится допускать
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два исходных варианта: с начальным <c>ṛ-</c> (<w type="rec">ṛzu</w>, <w type="rec">ṛdwa-</w>) и начальным <c>wṛ-</c> (<w type="rec">wṛzu</w>, <w type="rec">wṛdwa-</w>).
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Ср. <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<phr>dvaeibya ərəzubya</phr>
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<gloss><q>двумя пальцами</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/>
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<biblScope>353</biblScope></bibl>), ос. <oRef>dywwæ wyrzæj</oRef>. — <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang>Ав.</lang>
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<w>ərəzu-</w>
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<gloss><q>палец</q></gloss></mentioned> отождествляют с <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>ərəzu-</w>
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<gloss><q>прямой</q></gloss></mentioned> и относят к гнезду и.е. <w type="rec">reǵ</w>
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<gloss><q>прямой</q></gloss> и пр. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
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<biblScope>854</biblScope></bibl>). Крайне сомнительно. Специфика пальцев не в их
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прямизне, а, напротив, в их способности сгибаться и таким образом выполнять полезные для
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человека действия: держать, хватать, сжимать и т. п. Скорее следует исходить из базы <w type="rec">(w)regh-</w>
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<gloss><q>сжимать</q></gloss> и т. п. (пальцы = <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">сжималки</q></gloss>) и сближать с <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>ver̃žti</w>
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<gloss><q>сжимать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>стягивать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
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<w>wurgen</w>
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<gloss><q>сжимать горло</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>душить</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр.,
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<mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>viržỹs</w>
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<gloss><q>веревка</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pl"><lang/>
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<w>wrzos</w>
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<gloss><q>вереск</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
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<biblScope>1154—1155</biblScope></bibl>). — Ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æng0ylʒ"/>. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller_IF_21"/>, <biblScope>стр.
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333</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Asica"/>
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<biblScope>37</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/>
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<date>1960</date>, <biblScope>стр. 81</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Ossetic <oRef/> | <oRef>urz</oRef> corresponds to <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>ərəzu-</w>
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<gloss><q>finger</q></gloss></mentioned>, as Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wyrdyg"><w>wyrdyg</w> | <w>urdug</w></ref> corresponds to <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>arədva-</w>
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<gloss><q>steep</q></gloss></mentioned>. In both cases one needs to assume two original
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variants: one with the initial <c>ṛ-</c> (<w type="rec">ṛzu</w>, <w type="rec">ṛdwa-</w>)
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and one with the initial <c>wṛ-</c> (<w type="rec">wṛzu</w>, <w type="rec">wṛdwa-</w>).
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Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<phr>dvaeibya ərəzubya</phr>
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<gloss><q>with two fingers</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/>
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<biblScope>353</biblScope></bibl>), Ossetic <oRef>dywwæ wyrzæj</oRef>. — <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>ərəzu-</w>
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<gloss><q>finger</q></gloss></mentioned> is equated with <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><w>ərəzu-</w>
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<gloss><q>straight</q></gloss></mentioned> and related to the group derived from
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Indo-European <w type="rec">reǵ</w>
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<gloss><q>straight</q></gloss> etc. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
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<biblScope>854</biblScope></bibl>). It's highly doubtful. The specifity of fingers is
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not in their straightness, but, conversely, in their possibility to bend and thus perform
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actions useful for people: to hold, to grasp, to clench, etc. Rather, one should proceed
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from the base <w type="rec">(w)regh-</w>
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<gloss><q>to clench</q></gloss>, etc. (fingers = <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">something that clenches</q></gloss>) and bring it closer to <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>ver̃žti</w>
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<gloss><q>to clench</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>to tighten</q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<mentioned xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
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<w>wurgen</w>
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<gloss><q>to clench a throat</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>to strangle</q></gloss>,</mentioned>
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etc., <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>viržỹs</w>
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<gloss><q>rope</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pl"><lang/>
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<w>wrzos</w>
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<gloss><q>heather</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
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<biblScope>1154—1155</biblScope></bibl>). — Cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æng0ylʒ"/>.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller_IF_21"/>, <biblScope>p.
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333</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Asica"/>
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<biblScope>37</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/>
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<date>1960</date>, <biblScope>p. 81</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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||
</body>
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||
</text>
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||
</TEI> |