338 lines
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22 KiB
XML
338 lines
No EOL
22 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">xæzna</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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||
<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_xæzna" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="russian-questions">
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<form xml:id="form_d5779e66" type="lemma"><orth>xæzna</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5779e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>драгоценность</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>jewel</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>сокровище</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>treasure</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>богатство</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>wealth</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>thesaurus</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>thesaurus</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">. Так назывались часто хранившиеся в семье ценные вещи,
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унаследованные от предков, например оружие</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">. This was often the name of valuable items kept in the
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family, inherited from ancestors, such as weapons</note>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fydælty <oRef>xæzna</oRef> næ kʼūlyl
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ænæsærftæj īw fyndtæs azy fælæwwyd</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(доставшееся от) предков сокровище (ружье)
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непротертое провисело лет пятнадцать на стене</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(inherited from) ancestors treasure (gun) hung
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unworn on the wall for fifteen years</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>96</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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||
<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bīræ aziag <oRef>xæznatæ</oRef> syl
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baftyd</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">много азиатских богатств им досталось</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they got a lot of Asian riches</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>133</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">īwyl, cydæriddær lasta jæ ḱyræty, aly
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xæcængarzæj, aly <oRef>xæznatæj</oRef>, maxmæ ærxawdtoj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">все, что он вез в своем обозе, всякое оружие,
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всякие драгоценности, попало к нам</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">everything that he carried in his convoy, all
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the arms, all kinds of jewelry came to us</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>135</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>xæznatæ</oRef> næm xawy
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wælarvæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">богатства падают к нам с неба (о дожде)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">riches fall to us from the sky (about the
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rain)</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>127</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">adæm sydæj mardysty, fyccag sæ
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<oRef>xæznatæ</oRef> jæwæj kodtoj: topp..., kard...</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">народ голодал, сперва стали продавать свои
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(семейные) сокровища: ружье, шашку...</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the people were starving, first they began to
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sell their (family) treasures: guns, sabers...</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>21</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fos, <oRef>xæzna</oRef> — bīræ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">скота, богатства (у них) много</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(they) have a lot of livestock, wealth </q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>33</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xærz mæg˳yrmæ ærcydysty; ærmæst ma sæm wyd īw
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x˳ym, īw ugærdæn æmæ sæ fydælty <oRef>xæzna</oRef> — tīǧǵyn qyrīmag topp</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">они дошли до полной нищеты; были у них только
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еще одна пашня, один покос и сокровище предков — крымское ружье с граненым дулом</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they have reached complete poverty; they had
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only one piece of arable land, one mowing and the treasure of their ancestors, a
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Crimean gun with a faceted muzzle</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>77</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>xæzna</oRef> ū lægæn jæ ūs</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сокровище для мужчины — его жена</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a manʼs treasure is his wife</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>83</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">læppūjy ældar xædtūlgæ wærdony sbadyn kodta
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jæ ūsīmæ, bīræ <oRef>xæzna</oRef> syn radta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">юношу с женой князь усадил на арбу-самокатку,
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дал им много (всякого) богатства</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the prince put the young man and his wife on a
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mechanical arba, gave them a lot of (kinds of) wealth</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
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<biblScope>104</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cættæ kænūt wæxīcæn. .. ævidigæ
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<oRef>xæznatæ</oRef> wælærvty, x˳ysnæg kædæm næ xæccæ kæny æmæ ræmpæg kæm næ
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xæry</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">приготовляйте себе... сокровища неоскудевающие
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на небесах, куда вор не приближается и моль не съедает</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">provide yourselves... a treasure in the heavens
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that faileth not, where no thief approacheth, neither moth corrupteth</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Лука"/>
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<biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">12</hi> 33</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fidi limæn fidi <oRef>xæzna</oRef> æj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">друг отца — это (все равно, что) богатство
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(унаследованное от) отца</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a fatherʼs friend is (like) the wealth
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(inherited from) the father</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
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<biblScope>127</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...æ fidi <oRef>xæzna</oRef> — suǧzærīnæ
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xætæl</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...отцовское сокровище — золотая свирель</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...fatherʼs treasure — a golden pipe</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
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<biblScope>55<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">26—27</hi></biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> — Д. <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>Xæznidon</w>
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<gloss>название реки (приток реки <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"><mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>Iræf</w></mentioned></note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment"><mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>Iræf</w></mentioned></note>)</gloss>, буквально
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<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">река изобилия</q></gloss></mentioned>. По
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значению и по второй части ср.<mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>Frazdānu-</w> (из <w type="rec">frād-danu-</w> с ослаблением первого гласного)
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<gloss>название реки в Сакастане</gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>Hrazdan</w>, <w>Ruzdan</w><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AI"/>
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<biblScope>VI 6—7</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned></note>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment"> — Digor <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>Xæznidon</w>
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<gloss>name of the river (tributary of the river <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"><mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>Iræf</w></mentioned></note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment"><mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>Iræf</w></mentioned></note>)</gloss>,
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literally <gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">river of
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abundance</q></gloss></mentioned>. Semantically, compare to other items contanng an
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identical second part, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>Frazdānu-</w> (from <w type="rec">frād-danu-</w> with weakening of the first vowel)
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<gloss> name of a river in Sakastan</gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
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<w>Hrazdan</w>, <w>Ruzdan</w><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AI"/>
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<biblScope>VI 6—7</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned></note>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Из <mentioned xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
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<w>xazna</w>, <w>xazina</w>
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<gloss><q>сокровищница</q></gloss></mentioned>. <note type="footnote">Трехсогласный
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корень <mentioned xml:lang="ar"><w>xzn</w>
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<gloss><q>хранить</q></gloss> с приставкой <c>ma-</c></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="ar"><w>maxzan</w></mentioned>) дал <mentioned xml:lang="fr"><lang/>
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<w>magasin</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>магазин</w></mentioned> и пр.</note> В осетинский слово вошло, скорее всего, через
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тюркское посредство; ср. <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>xazna</w>, <w>qazna</w>, <w>xazina</w>
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<gloss><q>сокровищница</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>казна</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>касса</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
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<biblScope>II 1690; II 385</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Räsänen._Versuch"/>
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<biblScope>II 385</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Clauson"/>
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<biblScope>684</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Jarring"/></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Вошло во многие языки: <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
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<w>xäznä</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl" extralang="av ka"><lang/>
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<w>xazina</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lbe" extralang="ce"><lang/>
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<w>xazna</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
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<w>x’arzənä</w>
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<note type="comment"> (с появлением <c>r</c> перед <c>z</c>, как в <note type="comment"><mentioned xml:lang="kbd"><w>sarzina</w>
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<gloss><q>сажень</q></gloss></mentioned></note>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ady"><lang/>
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<w>x’arzәn</w> (с любопытным смещением значения: <gloss><q>исключительный</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>прекрасный</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>ценный</q></gloss><note type="bibl">:
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Хатанов_Керашева"/>
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<biblScope>616</biblScope></bibl></note></mentioned>), <mentioned xml:lang="uby"><lang/>
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<w>xazanu</w>
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<gloss><q>tresor</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vogt"/>
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<biblScope>241</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. В восточноевропейских языках:
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<mentioned xml:lang="ro" extralang="bg sh"><lang/>
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<w>hazna</w></mentioned>, сюда же <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>казна</w></mentioned>. <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang/>
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<w>хазина</w>
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<gloss><q>множество</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>масса</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>махина</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>огромная вещь</q></gloss></mentioned> — не из
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<mentioned xml:lang="hu"><lang/>
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<w>haz</w>
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<gloss><q>дом</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._REW"/>
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<biblScope>III 225</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, а из <mentioned xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
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<w>xazina</w></mentioned> через тюркское посредство (ср.: <bibl>Donatella
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<author>Locchi</author>. <title>R. xazina e i presunti prestiti diretti
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slavo-orientali-protoungheresi</title>.. <title>Euroasiatica</title>
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<biblScope>1975 II 7</biblScope></bibl>). <lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
|
||
<biblScope>133</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
|
||
<biblScope>9</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Doerfer"/>
|
||
<biblScope>III 472— 474</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
||
<etym xml:lang="en">From <mentioned xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xazna</w>, <w>xazina</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>treasury</q></gloss></mentioned>.<note type="footnote">The three-consonant
|
||
root <mentioned xml:lang="ar"><w>xzn</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>keep</q></gloss> with the prefix <c>ma-</c></mentioned> (<mentioned xml:lang="ar"><w>maxzan</w></mentioned>) gave <mentioned xml:lang="fr"><lang/>
|
||
<w>magasin</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
||
<w>magazin</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>shop</q></gloss></mentioned> etc.</note> The Ossetic word entered the
|
||
vocabulary, most likely, via the Turkic; cf. <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xazna</w>, <w>qazna</w>, <w>xazina</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>treasury</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>coffers</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>cashbox</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
|
||
<biblScope>II 1690; II 385</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Räsänen._Versuch"/>
|
||
<biblScope>II 385</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Clauson"/>
|
||
<biblScope>684</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Jarring"/></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. It entered many languages: <mentioned xml:lang="ku"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xäznä</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xcl" extralang="av ka"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xazina</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lbe" extralang="ce"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xazna</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
|
||
<w>x’arzənä</w>
|
||
<note type="comment"> (with <c>r</c> appearing before <c>z</c>, like in <note type="comment"><mentioned xml:lang="kbd"><w>sarzina</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>fathom</q></gloss></mentioned></note>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ady"><lang/>
|
||
<w>x’arzәn</w> (with an interesting semantic shift: : <gloss><q>exceptional</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>beautiful</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>valuable</q></gloss><note type="bibl">:
|
||
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Хатанов_Керашева"/>
|
||
<biblScope>616</biblScope></bibl></note></mentioned>), <mentioned xml:lang="uby"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xazanu</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>tresor</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vogt"/>
|
||
<biblScope>241</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. In East European languages:
|
||
<mentioned xml:lang="ro" extralang="bg sh"><lang/>
|
||
<w>hazna</w></mentioned>, here also <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
||
<w>kazna</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>treasury</q></gloss></mentioned>. <mentioned xml:lang="ru-x-dial"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xazina</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>plenty</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>mass</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>colossus</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>huge thing</q></gloss></mentioned> — not from
|
||
<mentioned xml:lang="hu"><lang/>
|
||
<w>haz</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>house</q></gloss><note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._REW"/>
|
||
<biblScope>III 225</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, but from <mentioned xml:lang="ar"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xazina</w></mentioned> through Turkic mediation (cf.: <bibl>Donatella
|
||
<author>Locchi</author>. <title>R. xazina e i presunti prestiti diretti
|
||
slavo-orientali-protoungheresi</title>.. <title>Euroasiatica</title>
|
||
<biblScope>1975 II 7</biblScope></bibl>). <lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
|
||
<biblScope>133</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
|
||
<biblScope>9</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Doerfer"/>
|
||
<biblScope>III 472— 474</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
||
</entry>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</text>
|
||
</TEI> |