451 lines
No EOL
30 KiB
XML
451 lines
No EOL
30 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">X˳ycaw</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_x0ycaw" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d3875e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>X˳ycaw</orth></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>Xucaw</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3875e69">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>Бог</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>God</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<re>
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<form type="lemma"><orth>X˳ycæwtty X˳ycaw</orth></form>
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<sense>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Бог Богов</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_doublequotes">God of Gods</q>
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</tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">. Божества дохристианской типологии (частично принявшие
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имена христианских святых), такие как <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wastyrǵi"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wacilla"/>, <w>Æfsati</w>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_K0yrdalægon"/> и др., наделены индивидуальными и конкретными
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функциональными и даже психологическими характеристик ками. В отличие от них <oRef/>
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мыслился как нечто весьма абстрактное, как deus otiosus</note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">. Deities of pre-Christian typology (who partly adopted
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the names of Christian saints), such as <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wastyrǵi"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Wacilla"/>, <w>Æfsati</w>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_K0yrdalægon"/> etc. are endowed with individual and specific functional
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and even psychological characteristics. Unlike them <oRef/> is conceived as something very
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abstract, as deus otiosus</note>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ʒyrd <oRef>X˳ycawy</oRef> raz radda
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īnnæmæn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">перед богом она дала слово другому</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">she gave her word to another before God</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>18</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>X˳ycawæj</oRef> arfægond næ
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festæm</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">нет на нас божьего благословения</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">there is no God’s blessing upon us</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>30</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>X˳ycaw</oRef>, fæʒæxsyn dyl
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mæxī!</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">боже, отдаюсь под твое покровительство!</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">God, I surrender myself under your
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protection!</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>118</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>X˳ycaw</oRef> me ‘udīsæn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">бог мне свидетель</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">God is my witness</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>139</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">nyllæw nyn tærxony, dæ <oRef>X˳ycawmæ</oRef>
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‘skæs!</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">рассуди нас бога ради! (<q>...взгляни на
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бога</q>)</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">judge us for Godʼs sake! (<q>...look at
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God</q>)</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>88</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xūrmæ sæxī tavtoj, xūr ysfældīsæg
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<oRef>X˳ycawæn</oRef> arfæ kodtoj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">они грелись на солнце (и) благословляли бога,
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создавшего солнце</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they basked in the sun (and) blessed the God
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who created the sun</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>23</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æmbal kæmæn næj, ūcy
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<oRef>X˳ycaw</oRef>...</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">бог, которому нет равного</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">God who has no equal</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
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<biblScope>52</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Elqan <oRef>X˳ycawy</oRef> kʼax ærgævdæg kæm
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fedtaj, axæm wydī</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Елкан был самый дошлый (<q>подрезающий ноги у
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бога</q>), какого только ты видел</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Elqan was the most eager (<q>cutting the legs
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of God</q>) you have ever seen</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
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<biblScope>62</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">X˳ycawy xorzæx dæ wæd</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">да будет на тебя божья милость</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">may God have mercy on you</q>
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</tr>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kæd X˳ycawy fænda...</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">если будет божья воля...</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">if it is Godʼs will...</q>
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</tr>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>X˳ycawy</oRef> nīcæwyl</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_singlequotes">без вины</q>
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<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230503T183035+0300" comment="когда меняю кавычки, уходит автоматическая запятая"?>
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_singlequotes">ни за
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что</q><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_singlequotes">without
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guilt</q>
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<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230503T183035+0300" comment="когда меняю кавычки, уходит автоматическая запятая"?>
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_singlequotes">for
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nothing</q><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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</tr>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>X˳ycawy</oRef> ræstæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_singlequotes">без вины</q>
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">будучи прав перед богом</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rendition="#rend_singlequotes">without
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guilt</q>
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">being right before God</q>
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</tr>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>X˳ycawæj</oRef> myn ard baxær, zæxxæj —
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somy</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">поклянись мне богом, присягни землей</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">swear to me by God, swear by the earth</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 16</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>X˳ycawy</oRef> stæn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ей-богу</q>
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">клянусь богом</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">by God</q>
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I swear to God</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
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<biblScope>42</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæ X˳ycawy xaj!</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мое божество!</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">my deity!</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
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<biblScope>59</biblScope><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">. — См. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xaj"/></note><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">. — See <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xaj"/></note></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">styr k˳yvd yskodtoj sæ <oRef>X˳ycawy</oRef>
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xaj æn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">они устроили большой пир в честь своего
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божества</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they made a big feast in honor of their
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deity</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
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<biblScope>70</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>Xucaw</oRef> din ma bakoma!</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">да не послушает тебя бог!</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">May God not listen to you!</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 98</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ci fæccudæncæ, <oRef>Xucaw</oRef>
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zonuj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сколько они прошли, бог знает</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">how far they went, God knows</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
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<biblScope>10<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">10—11</hi></biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">о, Xucawti mæxe Xucaw!</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">о мой бог богов!</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">oh my God of Gods!</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
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<biblScope>14<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">9</hi></biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>Xucawmæ</oRef> iskovæn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">помолимся богу</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">letʼs pray to God</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
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<biblScope>31<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">1</hi></biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Идея единого бога вошла в духовный мир алан вместе с христианством. В
|
||
дохристианском пантеоне алан фигура верховного бога не распознается. Были <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">отраслевые</q> божества, носившие наименования <mentioned xml:lang="xln"><w>zæd</w> (<w>yazata-</w>)</mentioned> и <mentioned xml:lang="xln"><w>dawæg</w> (<w>wi-tāwaka-</w>)</mentioned>, и эти наименования употреблялись, как
|
||
правило, во мн. числе: <mentioned xml:lang="xln"><w>zædtæ</w>, <w>dawǵytæ</w></mentioned>.
|
||
Поскольку христианизация алан произошла на Кавказе (X в.) в условиях тесных контактов с
|
||
местными народами, уже раньше принявшими христианство, естественно искать именно на
|
||
Кавказе источник <lang>ос.</lang>
|
||
<oRef>xucaw</oRef>. Действительно, мы находим здесь в ряде сакральных терминов базу <w type="rec">xuc(а)-</w>. Ср. <mentioned xml:lang="lez"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xucar</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>бог</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Услар"/>
|
||
<biblScope>VI s. v.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, вероятно,
|
||
лексикализованное мн. число от <mentioned xml:lang="lez"><w>xuc-</w></mentioned>,
|
||
наподобие <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
||
<w>yazdān</w>, <w>Xuca-dat</w>
|
||
<gloss>название общества в Вост. Дагестане</gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xucesi</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>старейшина</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Марк"/>
|
||
<biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">11</hi> 27</biblScope></bibl>)</note>,
|
||
<gloss><q>священник</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="comment">(превосх. степень от неупотребительного <w type="rec">xuci</w> или
|
||
<w type="rec">xuca</w>)</note>, <w>xuc-oba</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>священнодействие</q>, <q>богослужение</q></gloss>, <w>xuc-uri</w>
|
||
<gloss>название древнегрузинского церковного («священного») письма в отличие от
|
||
нового</gloss> — <w>mxedmli</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>военный</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="comment">(<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">церковный</q> — <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">военный</q>, оппозиция 1-й и 2-й функций по
|
||
<name>Дюмезилю</name>)</note></mentioned>. <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang>Груз.</lang>
|
||
<w type="rec">xuca</w></mentioned>, в свою очередь, связано, возможно, в
|
||
палеонтологическом плане c <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ca"><w>ca</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>небо</q></gloss></ref>; ср. <mentioned xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
|
||
<w>cʼu</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>божество</q></gloss></mentioned>. Конечный <c>-w</c> в <lang>ос.</lang>
|
||
<oRef>x˳ycaw</oRef> — вторичное наращение, как в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_obaw"><w>obaw</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>курган</q></gloss></ref> из <w>oba</w>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒawma" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
|
||
<w>ʒawmaw</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>вещь</q></gloss></ref> из <w>ʒawma</w>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æǧdaw"><w>æǧdaw</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>обычай</q></gloss></ref> из <w type="rec">aǧda</w> и т. п. — <lang>Ос.</lang>
|
||
<oRef>xucaw</oRef> нельзя сближать с <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xutāw</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xuθāw</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>бог</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl">[<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ВДИ"/>
|
||
<biblScope>1938 IV (V) 143</biblScope></bibl>]</note></mentioned>, так как переход
|
||
<c>t</c> → <c>c</c> в данном случае ничем нельзя оправдать.<note type="footnote"><mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xudāy</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xutāy</w></mentioned> неотделимы от приведенных согдийских и хорезмийских форм и
|
||
восходят к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">hwa-tāwah-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">αὐτοκρατής</q></gloss></mentioned>. Колебание
|
||
конечных <c>-w</c> || <c>-у</c> — по вариативности сонантов, ср. <w>Kay</w> название
|
||
династии из <w>Kawāj</w>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_obaw" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
||
<w xml:lang="os-x-iron">obaw</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">obaj</w></ref> и т. п.
|
||
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_FL"/>
|
||
<biblScope>1973 VI 190—191</biblScope></bibl>).</note> Не исключена, однако,
|
||
контаминация <mentioned xml:lang="cau"><lang/>
|
||
<w>*хиса</w></mentioned> с <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xutāw</w></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Szemerényi</author>. <title>Syncope in greek and
|
||
indo-europen</title>. <pubPlace>Naples</pubPlace>, <date>1964</date>, <biblScope>стр.
|
||
360—361, n. 5</biblScope></bibl>). В игре контаминаций могло принять участие и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xīcaw" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xīcaw</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>господин</q></gloss></ref>. (Cp.: <bibl><author>Meillet</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSL">MSL</ref>
|
||
<biblScope>1912 XVII 111</biblScope></bibl>). — Из осетинского идет <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xəčaw</w>
|
||
<gloss>название месяца мая</gloss></mentioned>, а также топоним <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><w>Xəčaw</w></mentioned>, название урочища на левом берегу речки
|
||
Джуарген (<bibl><author>Коков</author>, <author>Шахмурзаев</author>. <title>Балк. топоним.
|
||
сл</title>. <pubPlace>Нальчик</pubPlace>, <date>1970</date>, <biblScope>стр.
|
||
139</biblScope></bibl>). — См. еще <ref type="xr" target="#entry_x0ycawbon"/>.<lb/><bibl><title>XXV Международный конгресс востоковедов</title>.
|
||
<pubPlace>М.</pubPlace>, <date>1960</date>, <biblScope>стр.
|
||
17</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
||
<etym xml:lang="en">The idea of one God entered the spiritual world of the Alans along with
|
||
Christianity. In the pre-Christian pantheon of the Alans, the figure of the supreme God is
|
||
not recognized. There were branch deities who bore the names <mentioned xml:lang="xln"><w>zæd</w> (<w>yazata-</w>)</mentioned> and <mentioned xml:lang="xln"><w>dawæg</w>
|
||
(<w>wi-tāwaka-</w>)</mentioned>, and these names were used, as a rule, in the plural:
|
||
<mentioned xml:lang="xln"><w>zædtæ</w>, <w>dawǵytæ</w></mentioned>. Since the
|
||
Christianization of the Alans took place in the Caucasus (X century) in conditions of
|
||
close contacts with local peoples who had already adopted Christianity, it is natural to
|
||
look for the source of <lang>Ossetic</lang>
|
||
<oRef>Xucaw</oRef> in the Caucasus. Indeed, we find here in a number of sacred terms the
|
||
basis <w type="rec">xuc(а)-</w>. Cf. <mentioned xml:lang="lez"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xucar</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>god</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Услар"/>
|
||
<biblScope>VI s. v.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, probably a lexicalized
|
||
plural form of the word <mentioned xml:lang="lez"><w>xuc-</w></mentioned>, like <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
||
<w>yazdān</w>, <w>Xuca-dat</w>
|
||
<gloss>the name of the society in Eastern Dagestan</gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xucesi</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>elder</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Марк"/>
|
||
<biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">11</hi> 27</biblScope></bibl>)</note>,
|
||
<gloss><q>priest</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="comment">(a superlative from uncommon <w type="rec">xuci</w> or <w type="rec">xuca</w>)</note>, <w>xuc-oba</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>sacrament</q>, <q>worship</q></gloss>, <w>xuc-uri</w>
|
||
<gloss>the name of the ancient Georgian church (<q>sacred</q>) script, in contrast to
|
||
the new</gloss> — <w>mxedmli</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>military</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="comment">(<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">church</q> — <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">military</q>, opposition of the first and the second
|
||
function, according to <name>Dumézil</name>)</note></mentioned>. <mentioned xml:lang="ka"><lang/>
|
||
<w type="rec">xuca</w></mentioned> is possibly related in paleontological terms to <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ca"><w>ca</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>sky</q></gloss></ref>; cf. <mentioned xml:lang="ce"><lang/>
|
||
<w>cʼu</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>deity</q></gloss></mentioned>. The final <c>-w</c> in <lang>Ossetic</lang>
|
||
<oRef>X˳ycaw</oRef> is secondary, as in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_obaw"><w>obaw</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>mound</q></gloss></ref> from <w>oba</w>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒawma" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
|
||
<w>ʒawmaw</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>thing</q></gloss></ref> from <w>ʒawma</w>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æǧdaw"><w>æǧdaw</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>custom</q></gloss></ref> from <w type="rec">aǧda</w> etc. —
|
||
<lang>Ossetic</lang>
|
||
<oRef>Xucaw</oRef> caanot be related to <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xutāw</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xuθāw</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>god</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl">[<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ВДИ"/>
|
||
<biblScope>1938 IV (V) 143</biblScope></bibl>]</note></mentioned>, because the
|
||
transition <c>t</c> → <c>c</c> in this case cannot be justified.<note type="footnote"><mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xudāy</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xutāy</w></mentioned> are inseparable from the given Sogdian and Khorezmian forms
|
||
and go back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">hwa-tāwah-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">αὐτοκρατής</q></gloss></mentioned>. The
|
||
alternation of the final <c>-w</c> || <c>-у</c> — according to the variability of
|
||
sonants, cf. <w>Kay</w> name of the dynasty <w>Kawāj</w>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_obaw" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
||
<w xml:lang="os-x-iron">obaw</w><w xml:lang="os-x-digor">obaj</w></ref> etc.
|
||
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_FL"/>
|
||
<biblScope>1973 VI 190—191</biblScope></bibl>).</note> However, contamination of
|
||
<mentioned xml:lang="cau"><lang/>
|
||
<w>*xuca</w></mentioned> with <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xutāw</w></mentioned> cannot be ruled out (<bibl><author>Szemerényi</author>.
|
||
<title>Syncope in greek and indo-europen</title>. <pubPlace>Naples</pubPlace>,
|
||
<date>1964</date>, <biblScope>pp. 360—361, n. 5</biblScope></bibl>). In the game of
|
||
contamination <ref type="xr" target="#entry_xīcaw" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xīcaw</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>master</q></gloss></ref> could also take part. (Cf.:
|
||
<bibl><author>Meillet</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MSL">MSL</ref>
|
||
<biblScope>1912 XVII 111</biblScope></bibl>). — <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><lang/>
|
||
<w>xəčaw</w>
|
||
<gloss>the name of the May month</gloss></mentioned> comes from Ossetic, and also the
|
||
toponym <mentioned xml:lang="krc-x-balkar"><w>Xəčaw</w></mentioned>, the name of the tract
|
||
on the left bank of the Dzhuargen river (<bibl><author>Kokov</author>,
|
||
<author>Šaxmurzaev</author>. <title>Balk. toponim. sl</title>.
|
||
<pubPlace>Nalʼčik</pubPlace>, <date>1970</date>, <biblScope>p.
|
||
139</biblScope></bibl>). — Cf. also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_x0ycawbon"/>.<lb/><bibl><title>XXV Meždunarodnyj kongress vostokovedov</title>.
|
||
<pubPlace>М.</pubPlace>, <date>1960</date>, <biblScope>p.
|
||
17</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
||
</entry>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</text>
|
||
</TEI> |