256 lines
No EOL
20 KiB
XML
256 lines
No EOL
20 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">ᵆlǧīvyn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">II</biblScope>. L–R. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1973</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">43–44</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_7lǧīvyn" xml:lang="os-x-iron" abv:completeness="complete">
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<form xml:id="form_d1771e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>ᵆlǧīvyn</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d1771e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ᵆlǧyvd</orth></form>
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1771e75"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>уплотнять тесьму при плетении, надавливая пальцами при каждом разводе нитей</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220403T122637+0300" comment="not sure if it's the right verb"?>condense<?oxy_comment_end ?>
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braid when plaiting, pushing fingers at each
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220403T122728+0300" comment="not sure"?>junction<?oxy_comment_end ?>
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of thread</q>
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</abv:tr></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d1771e93">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220402T205056+0300" comment="в словаре есть вход ᵆlqīwyn, с w и теми же значениями, кроме "тискать." непонятно, re это или ref, и если это одно и то же, то где опечатка. в addenda ничего нет"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d1771e97" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>ᵆlqīvyn</orth><form xml:id="form_d1771e99" type="participle"><orth>ᵆlqyvd</orth></form></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<form xml:id="form_d1771e103" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ælqevun</orth><form xml:id="form_d1771e105" type="participle"><orth>ælǧivd</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d1771e108"><sense xml:id="sense_d1771e109"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">сжимать</q>
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</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">press together</q>
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</tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1771e120"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>сдавливать</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>squeeze</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d1771e129"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>тискать</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>press</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d1771e141">
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<example xml:id="example_d1771e143">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">byd dywwæjæ fækænync: īw byjgæ, īnnæ
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<oRef>lǧīvgæ</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">тесьму плетут вдвоем: одна плетет, другая
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уплотняет</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">braid is plaited by two (people): one plaits,
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the other condenses</q>
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</tr>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d1771e162">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Alæf Narty fæsīvædæj kæmæn jæ kʼūx bamūr
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kæny, … kæmæn jæ færstæ <oRef>balqīvy</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Алаф из нартовской молодежи кому раздробит
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руку, кому сдавит бока</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Alæf of the Nart young (men) splinters the hand
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of one, squeezes the sides of another</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нарт._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>214</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d1771e186">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fæjjaw læʒæǵy saǵīlæj kalmæn jæ sær zæxmæ
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<oRef>nylqyvta</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пастух раздвоенным концом палки придавил к
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земле голову змеи</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the shepherd pressed the head of the snake by
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the split end of the stick</q>
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</tr>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d1771e205">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dy mæ kʼūx <oRef>ælqīvys</oRef> rīwmæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ты прижимаешь мою руку к груди</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">you press my hand to the breast</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Niger"/>
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<biblScope>158</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d1771e230">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Natur astæwbos tyng
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<oRef>sælqyvta</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Натур сильно стянул учкур</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Natur strongly tightened the belt</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
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<biblScope>II 277</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d1771e255">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Wastyrǵi jæ ūrs bæxyl badtī æmæ jyn
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(kæfq˳yndaræn) arc jæ sīnty nyssaǧta æmæ jæ zæxmæ <oRef>nylqyvta</oRef>, stæj jæ
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amardta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Уастырджи (св. Георгий) сидел на своем белом
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коне, и он всадил ему (дракону) копье в бедра и пригвоздил его к земле, потом убил
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его</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Wastyrdzhi (Saint George) sat on his white
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horse, and he thrust the spear into its (the dragon’s) thighs and pressed it into
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the ground, and then killed it</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
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<biblScope>II 78</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d1771e280" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>ælqivton </oRef>dændægutæj mæ
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mast</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я стиснул свой гнев в зубах</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I squeezed my anger between the teeth</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Тайм._Мӕ_уарзт"/>
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<biblScope>8</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d1771e307" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Ʒanbolat in tævdæ cækuti æ kʼoxti
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<oRef>nilqivta</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Дзанболат сжал ее руки с горячими зернами</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Dzanbolat squeezed her hands with hot
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grains</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>13</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d1771e334">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kæræʒī warzonʒīnadæj sæ zærdæ ssyǧdī, cyma
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syn sæ zærdæ tævd æfsæjnag tæly ærbalvæsta, ærbalqyvta</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">их сердца загорелись взаимной любовью, как
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будто раскаленный железный обруч стянул, сдавил их сердца</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">their hearts lit up with love for each other,
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as if a red-hot iron hoop squeezed, pressed together their hearts</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>26</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит закономерно к <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1771e360"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e566" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e361" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">graib-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e572" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e367" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">ghreib-</w>, вариант <w type="rec">ghrebh-</w>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
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<biblScope>455, 457 сл.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>хватать</q> и т. п.</gloss></mentioned> Дифтонгная огласовка этого
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распространенного индоевропейского глагола хорошо представлена в балтийских и германских
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языках: <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1771e388"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e594" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e389" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>greibiù</w>, <w>greībti</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e601" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e396" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
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<w>greipan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e606" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e401" xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
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<w>grifan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e611" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e406" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>greifen</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>хватать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>схватывать</q> и пр.</gloss></mentioned> На
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иранской почве преобладает отражение старого <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e623" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e418" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">gṛb-</w>, <w type="rec">grab-</w></mentioned>: <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1771e425" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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giriftan <gloss><q>брать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>хватать</q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1771e434"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e642" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e435" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>griftan</w>, <w>graftan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e649" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e442" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">ɣraβ-</w> (<w>ɣrβ</w>)</mentioned>
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<gloss><q>понимать</q> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">схватывать</q>)</gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e666" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e459" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
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<w>grab-</w>, <w>garb-</w>
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<gloss><q>захватывать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e676" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e469" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>gərəb-</w>, <w>gərəw-</w>
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<gloss><q>схватывать</q></gloss></mentioned>. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e686" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e479" xml:lang="yai"><lang>Ягн.</lang>
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<w>ɣirīv-</w>
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<gloss><q>понимать</q></gloss>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(с долгим <c>i</c>)</note></mentioned>, а также
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e699" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e492" xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
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<w>va-ɣreiɣ-</w>
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<gloss><q>давить</q></gloss></mentioned> могут, как ос. <oRef>lǧīv-</oRef>, восходить к
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e566" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e502" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">graib-</w></mentioned>. Наряду с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e709" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e507" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">graib-</w></mentioned> → <oRef>lǧīv</oRef> имеем <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e720" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e513" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">grab-</w></mentioned> → <w>rǧæv-</w> в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7rǧævyn" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>ᵆrǧævyn</w>
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<gloss><q>взваливать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>подсаживать</q></gloss></ref>,
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<w>arǧævnæ</w>
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<gloss><q>клещи</q>, <note type="bibl">q.v. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ЯМ"/>
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<biblScope>1934 II 172—173</biblScope></bibl></note></gloss>.<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">Может быть, стоит для библиографии привести неудачную этимологию <bibl>Вс. <author>Миллера</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_IF"/>
|
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<biblScope>21, стр. 323</biblScope>)</bibl>): <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e761" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e554" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>glepate</w>
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<gloss><q>дрожит</q></gloss></mentioned>.</note></etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Regularly derived from <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1771e565"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e361" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e566" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">graib-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e367" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e572" xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">ghreib-</w>, variant <w type="rec">ghrebh-</w>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
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<biblScope>455, 457 ff.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>grab</q> etc.</gloss></mentioned> The diphthong vocalism of this widespread
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Indo-European verb is well-represented in Baltic and Germanic: <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1771e593"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e389" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e594" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
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<w>greibiù</w>, <w>greībti</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e396" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e601" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
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<w>greipan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e401" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e606" xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
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<w>grifan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e406" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e611" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
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<w>greifen</w></mentioned>
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<gloss><q>grab</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>snatch</q> etc.</gloss></mentioned> In Iranian the
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reflex of old <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e418" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e623" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">gṛb-</w>, <w type="rec">grab-</w></mentioned> is predominant: <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1771e630" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>giriftan</w>
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<gloss><q>grab</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>snatch</q></gloss></mentioned>,
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<mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d1771e641"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e435" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e642" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>griftan</w>, <w>graftan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e442" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e649" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">ɣraβ-</w> (<w>ɣrβ</w>)</mentioned>
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<gloss><q>understand</q> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">snatch</q>)</gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e459" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e666" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
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<w>grab-</w>, <w>garb-</w>
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<gloss><q>capture</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e469" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e676" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>gərəb-</w>, <w>gərəw-</w>
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<gloss><q>seize</q></gloss></mentioned>. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e479" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e686" xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
|
||
<w>ɣirīv-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>understand</q></gloss>
|
||
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(with long <c>i</c>)</note></mentioned>, and also
|
||
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e492" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e699" xml:lang="srh"><lang/>
|
||
<w>va-ɣreiɣ-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>press</q></gloss></mentioned> may, like Ossetic <oRef>lǧīv-</oRef>, continue
|
||
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e361" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e709" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">graib-</w></mentioned>. Alongside <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e502" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e714" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">graib-</w></mentioned> → <oRef>lǧīv</oRef> we find
|
||
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e513" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e720" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">grab-</w></mentioned> → <w>rǧæv-</w> in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7rǧævyn" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
||
<w>ᵆrǧævyn</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>lift</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>load onto smth.</q></gloss></ref>, <w>arǧævnæ</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>tongs</q>, <note type="bibl">q.v. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ЯМ"/>
|
||
<biblScope>1934 II 172—173</biblScope></bibl></note></gloss>.<note type="footnote">For bibliographic reasons we may also cite the erroneous etymology by <bibl>Ws. <author>Miller</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_IF"/>
|
||
<biblScope>21, p. 323</biblScope>)</bibl>: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d1771e554" xml:id="mentioned_d1771e761" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
||
<w>glepate</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>trembles</q></gloss></mentioned>.</note></etym>
|
||
</entry>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</text>
|
||
</TEI> |