465 lines
No EOL
41 KiB
XML
465 lines
No EOL
41 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">lymæn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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||
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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||
<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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||
</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_lymæn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="english-questions">
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<form xml:id="form_d5724e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>lymæn</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d5724e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>limæn</orth><form xml:id="form_d5724e71" type="variant"><orth>nimæl</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5724e74"><sense xml:id="sense_d5724e75"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>друг</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>friend</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5724e84"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>приятель</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>acquaintance</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5724e93"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>любовник</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>lover</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5724e102"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>любовница</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>mistress</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<re xml:id="re_d5724e112">
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<form xml:id="form_d5724e114" type="lemma"><orth>lymænad</orth><form xml:id="form_d5724e116" type="variant"><orth>lymænʒīnad</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5724e119"><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">дружба</q>
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</tr><tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">friendship</q>
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</tr></sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d5724e132">
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<form xml:id="form_d5724e134" type="lemma"><orth>lymænīwæg</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5724e137"><def xml:lang="ru">id</def><def xml:lang="en">id</def></sense>
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</re>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:id="exampleGrp_d5724e145">
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<example xml:id="example_d5724e147">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bafærs myn mæ <oRef>lymæn</oRef>
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Soltany</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">спроси моего друга Солтана</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ask my friend Soltan</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>223</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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||
<example xml:id="example_d5724e172">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">qæwæn galæj qæwæn <oRef>lymæn</oRef> xwyzdær
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ū</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">лучше (иметь) в каждом ауле по другу, чем по
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быку</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">it is better (to have) in each village a
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friend, than in each village an ox</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>III 219</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d5724e197">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fydy <oRef>lymæn</oRef> — fydy xæzna</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">друг отца — все равно что сокровище
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(унаследованное) от отца</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a father’s friend is (like) a treasure
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(inherited) from the father</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сл."/></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d5724e220">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæ <oRef>lymæn</oRef>! æz dæ æfxærgæ næ
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kænyn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">друг! я не обижаю тебя</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">my friend! I do not offend you</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Матфей"/>
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<biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">20</hi> 13</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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||
<example xml:id="example_d5724e248" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ǧæw<oRef>limæn</oRef> adtæn</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я был другом для (всего) аула</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I was a friend of (all) the village</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
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<biblScope>I 108</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d5724e277" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dæw xæccæ mæn znag næ fænduj,
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<oRef>nimælæj</oRef> fæstæmæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">с тобой я не хочу вражды, только дружбу</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I do not want enmity with you, only
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friendship</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Диг._сказ."/>
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<biblScope>6</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d5724e305" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ægajtima mæn dæxecæn <oRef>limænæn</oRef>
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esi</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">я рад, что ты берешь меня себе в друзья</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">I am glad that you accept me as a friend</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><biblScope xml:lang="ru">там
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же</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">ibid.</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d5724e334" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">woj, ma tærsæ ma, mæ warzon
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<oRef>limæn</oRef>!</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">о, не бойся, мой любимый друг!</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">oh, do not fear, my beloved friend!</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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<biblScope>81</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d5724e362" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">es xæstæg ami muddar, mæ zærond
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<oRef>limæn</oRef> Dudar</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">есть тут поблизости пасечник, мой старый
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приятель Дудар</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">there is a bee-keeper nearby, my old friend
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Dudar</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
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<biblScope>98</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d5724e390" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Tajmorazæn ærdxwærdtæ, <oRef>limæntæ</oRef>
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beræ adtæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у Таймораза было много присяжных друзей,
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приятелей</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Taymoraz had many blood brothers, friends</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
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<biblScope>177</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d5724e418" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">duwwæ bæxgini <oRef>limæntæ</oRef> niwwaʒæ,
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fal zongæ dær næ adtæncæ</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">два всадника не были не только друзьями, но
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даже знакомыми</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the two riders not only were not friends, but
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they were not even acquaintances</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
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<biblScope>1940 III 58</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d5724e447">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Teǵia… aly ʒæǧælʒwag ūstytīmæ
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<oRef>lymæntæ</oRef> kodta… īw xatt ta Teǵia Kʼoby jæ <oRef>lymæn</oRef> ūstytæj
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Gosæzi zæǧgæ, ūīmæ sæmbældīs</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Теджиа заводил себе любовниц из распутных
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женщин… Однажды в Коби Теджиа встретился с одной из своих любовниц по имени
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Госази</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Tedzhia took mistresses from among licentious
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women… Once in Kobi Tedzhia met one of his mistresses by the name of Gosæzi</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>30–31</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d5724e474">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fysymy ūsæn wydīs <oRef>lymæn</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у жены хозяина был любовник</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the host’s wife had a lover</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
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<biblScope>II 340</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:id="example_d5724e498">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">avd ævsymæry īw cydysty xos kænæ mænæw
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kærdynmæ; ūdon īw k˳ysty k˳y wydysty, wæd īw sæ ūstytæ sæ <oRef>lymæntīmæ</oRef> qazgæ
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kodtoj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">семь братьев ходили косить сено или пшеницу;
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когда они бывали на работе, их жены забавлялись с любовниками</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the seven brothers went to mow hay or wheat;
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when they were at their work, their wives amused themselves with their lovers</q>
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||
</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
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<biblScope>II 248</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
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||
<example xml:id="example_d5724e523">
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">padcaxy ūs bajdydta <oRef>lymæntæ</oRef>
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arazyn… padcax bajjæfta jæ ūsy jæ <oRef>lymæntīmæ</oRef> qæbystæ gængæ</quote>
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||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
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||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">жена царя стала заводить любовников… царь
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застал жену обнимающейся с любовниками</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the king’s wife started to take lovers… the
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king caught his wife embracing her lovers</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
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<biblScope>218–219</biblScope></bibl>
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||
</example>
|
||
<example xml:id="example_d5724e550" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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||
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Eræxcaw Soslani næ zudta fal in fæsawwonmæ ba
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||
<oRef>limænewæg</oRef> kodta</quote>
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||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
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||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Ерахцау не знал Сослана, но заочно питал к нему
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дружбу</q>
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||
</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Yerækhcaw did not know Soslan, but felt
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friendship towards him without having ever seen him</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
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<biblScope>II 35</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
</exampleGrp>
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||
<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1142" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e581" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">frīymana-</w></mentioned> мед. причастие от <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1148" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e587" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">frī-</w>
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<gloss><q>любить</q></gloss>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(индоевропейская база <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1157" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e596" xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">pri-</w>, <w type="rec">prəi-</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>; ср.
|
||
по образованию <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1165" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e604" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
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<w>φειλάμενος</w>
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<gloss><q>любимый</q></gloss><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">, мед. причастие от
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1174" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e613" xml:lang="grc"><w>φιλέω</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>люблю</q></gloss></mentioned></note></mentioned>.<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote"><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Harmatta</hi> возводит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1184" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e623" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">friya-manah</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>(имеющий) дружественный (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1191" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e630" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">friya-</w></mentioned>) дух (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1195" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e634" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">manah-</w></mentioned>)</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><title type="j">Acta
|
||
Orient. Acad. Scient. Hung.</title>
|
||
<date>1950—1952</date>
|
||
<biblScope>I 302 сл.</biblScope></bibl>). Однако в этом случае ожидали бы скорее <w type="rec">limon</w>; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dælīmon"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wælīmon"/>.</note> Звуковое развитие <c type="rec">fri-</c> →
|
||
<c>li-</c> закономерно: начальный <c>f</c> перед <c>r</c> отпал, как в превербе
|
||
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1226" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e665" xml:lang="os"><m>ræ-</m></mentioned> из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1229" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e668" xml:lang="ira"><m type="rec">fra-</m></mentioned> или в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rag"/> из
|
||
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1236" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e675" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">frāk-</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rong"/> из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1242" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e681" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">frānaka-</w></mentioned>; <c>r</c> → <c>l</c> перед <c>i</c>, как в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_allon"/> из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1255" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e694" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">aryana</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mælyn"/> из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1261" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e700" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">marya-</w></mentioned> и др. База <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1265" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e704" xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">prī-</w> в значении <gloss><gloss><q>любить</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>дружить</q></gloss> и пр.</gloss></mentioned> хорошо представлена в
|
||
арийских и других индоевропейских языках: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1282" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e716" xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
|
||
<w>fri</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>дорогой</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>хороший</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1293" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e728" xml:lang="isk"><w>frī dīr-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>любить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1299" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e734" xml:lang="sgy-x-zebak"><lang/>
|
||
<w>ferī</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>дорогой</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>хороший</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Grierson._Zeb."/></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1316" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e751" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
|
||
<w>fryh</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>любовь</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1324" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e759" xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
|
||
<w>fryʼng</w>, <w>friān</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>любимый</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>друг</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._BBB"/>
|
||
<biblScope>110, 114</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Boyce"/>
|
||
<biblScope>187</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1350" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e785" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
||
<w type="rec">friy-</w> (<w>fry-</w>, <w>pry-</w>)</mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1362" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e796" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
|
||
<w>brria-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>любимый</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>дорогой</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1373" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e808" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
||
<w>fri-</w>, <w>frināti</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>радовать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>любить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1386" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e821" xml:lang="ae"><w>frya-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>любимый</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>милый</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>друг</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1398" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e833" xml:lang="ae"><w>Fryāna-</w>
|
||
<gloss>собств. имя <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Любим</q></gloss></mentioned>,
|
||
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1406" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e841" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
||
<w>prī-</w>, <w>prīyate-</w>, <w>prīṇāti</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>любить</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>радовать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>получать
|
||
удовольствие</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1425" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e860" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>priya-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>милый</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>любимый</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl">(cp.: <bibl><author>Scheller</author>. <title>Vedisch <hi rendition="#rend_italic">priya-</hi></title>.
|
||
<date>1959</date></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1448" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e882" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>preman-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>любовь</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>расположение</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1457" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e892" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>pretar-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>возлюбленный</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1463" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e898" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>priyamana-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>дружественный</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1469" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e904" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
|
||
<w>prijati</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>благоволить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1478" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e912" xml:lang="cu"><w>prijatelь</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1481" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e915" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
||
<w>приятель</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1489" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e920" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
|
||
<w>frijōn</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>любить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1498" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e929" xml:lang="got"><w>frijōnds</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>друг</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1504" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e935" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
|
||
<w>Freund</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>друг</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр. —Переходная форма от <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1512" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e943" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">friyamana-</w></mentioned> к <oRef/> сохранилась в
|
||
<lang>скифских</lang> собств. именах <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1520" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e951" xml:lang="xsc"><w>Φλιμανακος</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1524" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e955" xml:lang="xsc"><w>Φλειμναγος</w></mentioned>
|
||
рядом с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1527" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e958" xml:lang="xsc"><w>Λειμανος</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1530" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e961" xml:lang="xsc"><w>Λιμνακος</w></mentioned>; ср. также <lang>скифское</lang> имя <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1535" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e966" xml:lang="xsc"><w>Φλιανος</w></mentioned> — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1538" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e969" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
||
<w>Fryāna-</w></mentioned>. Из <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1544" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e975" xml:lang="xsc"><lang/>
|
||
<w>liman</w></mentioned> идет, возможно, <lang/>
|
||
<w>lomaṅ</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>человек</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Jacobsohn"/>
|
||
<biblScope>56, 155, 230, 234, прим. 3</biblScope></bibl>)</note>.<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">Скифские формы с начальным <c>fli-</c> доказывают ошибочность возведения
|
||
<oRef/> к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1571" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1001" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec" xml:lang="ira">aryaman-</w></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Andreas</author></bibl> apud <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Jacobsohn"/>
|
||
<biblScope>56, 155</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Herzfeld</author>.
|
||
<title>Altpersische Inschriften</title>. <pubPlace>Berlin</pubPlace>,
|
||
<date>1938</date>, <biblScope>стр. 86</biblScope></bibl>. —
|
||
<bibl><author>Charpentier</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MO"/>
|
||
<biblScope>XXVIII 68, n. 4</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Thieme</author>.
|
||
<title>Fremdling im Ṛgveda</title>. <pubPlace>Leipzig</pubPlace>, <date>1938</date>,
|
||
<biblScope>стр. 102, 108, 148</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Wagner</author>,
|
||
<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KZ"/>
|
||
<biblScope>LXXV 60–61, n. 4</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Klima</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Arch._Or."/>
|
||
<biblScope>1958 XXVI 610</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Benveniste</author>.
|
||
<title>Le vocabulaire des institutions indo-européennes</title>.
|
||
<pubPlace>Paris</pubPlace>, <date>1969</date>
|
||
<biblScope>I 100 сл.</biblScope></bibl>).</note> Ср. также женское имя из грузинских
|
||
источников <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1639" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1070" xml:lang="ka"><w>Limačav</w>
|
||
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(из <oRef>Liman</oRef>-<ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæwyn"><w>čav</w></ref>: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Андроникашвили"/>
|
||
<biblScope>133–134</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. — Корень <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1655" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1086" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">frī-</w> (<w type="rec">fray-</w>)</mentioned> наличен
|
||
также (с приставкой <m>a-</m>) в ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arfæ"><w>arfæ</w> (←
|
||
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1669" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1099" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ā-frayah-</w></mentioned>)
|
||
<gloss><q>благословение</q></gloss></ref>.<lb/><bibl><author>Вс. Миллер</author>.
|
||
<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">ОЭ</ref>
|
||
<biblScope>II 87, III 80</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
|
||
<biblScope>36, 37</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
|
||
<biblScope>46</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
|
||
<biblScope>39 сл., 73 сл., 165, 203, 213 сл., 352, 584</biblScope></bibl>. —
|
||
<bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/>
|
||
<biblScope>1959, стр. 78</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
||
<etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e581" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1142" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
|
||
<w type="rec">frīymana-</w></mentioned>, medial participle from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e587" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1148" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">frī-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>love</q></gloss>
|
||
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(Indo-European stem <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e596" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1157" xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">pri-</w>, <w type="rec">prəi-</w></mentioned>)</note></mentioned>; cf.
|
||
in terms of derivation <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e604" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1165" xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
||
<w>φειλάμενος</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>beloved</q></gloss><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">,
|
||
medial participle of <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e613" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1174" xml:lang="grc"><w>φιλέω</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>I love</q></gloss></mentioned></note></mentioned>.<note type="footnote"><hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Harmatta</hi> derives this word from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e623" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1184" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">friya-manah</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>(having) friendly (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e630" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1191" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">friya-</w></mentioned>) spirit (<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e634" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1195" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">manah-</w></mentioned>)</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><title type="j">Acta
|
||
Orient. Acad. Scient. Hung.</title>
|
||
<date>1950—1952</date>
|
||
<biblScope>I 302 ff.</biblScope></bibl>). But in this case we would rather expect <w type="rec">limon</w>; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dælīmon"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wælīmon"/>.</note> The sound change <c type="rec">fri-</c> → <c>li-</c>
|
||
is regular: initial <c>f</c> has disappeared before <c>r</c>, as in the preverb <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e665" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1226" xml:lang="os"><m>ræ-</m></mentioned> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e668" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1229" xml:lang="ira"><m type="rec">fra-</m></mentioned> or in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rag"/> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e675" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1236" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">frāk-</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rong"/> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e681" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1242" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">frānaka-</w></mentioned>; <c>r</c> →
|
||
<c>l</c> before <c>i</c>, as in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_allon"/> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e694" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1255" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">aryana</w></mentioned>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mælyn"/> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e700" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1261" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">marya-</w></mentioned> etc. The stem <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e704" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1265" xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">prī-</w>
|
||
with the meaning <gloss><gloss><q>love</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>be friends
|
||
with</q></gloss> etc.</gloss></mentioned> is well-represented in
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20220525T220756+0300" comment="ideally check all translations against sources"?>Indo-Iranian
|
||
and other Indo-European languages<?oxy_comment_end ?>: <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e716" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1282" xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
|
||
<w>fri</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>dear</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>good</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e728" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1293" xml:lang="isk"><w>frī dīr-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>to love</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e734" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1299" xml:lang="sgy-x-zebak"><lang/>
|
||
<w>ferī</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>dear</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>good</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Grierson._Zeb."/></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e751" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1316" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
|
||
<w>fryh</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>love (n.)</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e759" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1324" xml:lang="xpr"><lang/>
|
||
<w>fryʼng</w>, <w>friān</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>beloved</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>friend</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._BBB"/>
|
||
<biblScope>110, 114</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Boyce"/>
|
||
<biblScope>187</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e785" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1350" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
||
<w type="rec">friy-</w> (<w>fry-</w>, <w>pry-</w>)</mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e796" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1362" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
|
||
<w>brria-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>beloved</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>dear</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e808" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1373" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
||
<w>fri-</w>, <w>frināti</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>to please</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>to love</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e821" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1386" xml:lang="ae"><w>frya-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>beloved</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>darling</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>friend</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e833" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1398" xml:lang="ae"><w>Fryāna-</w>
|
||
<gloss>proper name <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Beloved</q></gloss></mentioned>,
|
||
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e841" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1406" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
||
<w>prī-</w>, <w>prīyate-</w>, <w>prīṇāti</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>to love</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>to please</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>to
|
||
rejoice</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e860" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1425" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>priya-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>darling</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>beloved</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl">(cf.: <bibl><author>Scheller</author>. <title>Vedisch <hi rendition="#rend_italic">priya-</hi></title>.
|
||
<date>1959</date></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e882" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1448" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>preman-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>love</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>favour</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e892" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1457" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>pretar-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>beloved</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e898" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1463" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>priyamana-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>friendly</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e904" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1469" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
|
||
<w>prijati</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>be disposed to</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1477"><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e912" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1478" xml:lang="cu"><w>prijatelь</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e915" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1481" xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
||
<w>prijatelʼ</w></mentioned>
|
||
<gloss><q>acquaintance</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e920" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1489" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
|
||
<w>frijōn</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>to love</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e929" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1498" xml:lang="got"><w>frijōnds</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>friend</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e935" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1504" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
|
||
<w>Freund</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>friend</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. — The transitional form between <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e943" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1512" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">friyamana-</w></mentioned> and <oRef/> is preserved in
|
||
<lang>Scythian</lang> proper names <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e951" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1520" xml:lang="xsc"><w>Φλιμανακος</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e955" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1524" xml:lang="xsc"><w>Φλειμναγος</w></mentioned>
|
||
alongside <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e958" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1527" xml:lang="xsc"><w>Λειμανος</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e961" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1530" xml:lang="xsc"><w>Λιμνακος</w></mentioned>; cf. also the <lang>Scythian</lang> name <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e966" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1535" xml:lang="xsc"><w>Φλιανος</w></mentioned> — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e969" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1538" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
||
<w>Fryāna-</w></mentioned>. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e975" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1544" xml:lang="xsc"><lang/>
|
||
<w>liman</w></mentioned> is possibly the source of <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1549" xml:lang="x-mordvin"><lang/>
|
||
<w>lomaṅ</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>person</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Jacobsohn"/>
|
||
<biblScope>56, 155, 230, 234, fn. 3</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.<note type="footnote">Scythian forms with initial <c>fli-</c> prove that the derivation of
|
||
<oRef/> from <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1001" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1571" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec" xml:lang="ira">aryaman-</w></mentioned> is mistaken (<bibl><author>Andreas</author></bibl> apud
|
||
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Jacobsohn"/>
|
||
<biblScope>56, 155</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Herzfeld</author>.
|
||
<title>Altpersische Inschriften</title>. <pubPlace>Berlin</pubPlace>,
|
||
<date>1938</date>, <biblScope>p. 86</biblScope></bibl>. —
|
||
<bibl><author>Charpentier</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_MO"/>
|
||
<biblScope>XXVIII 68, n. 4</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Thieme</author>.
|
||
<title>Fremdling im Ṛgveda</title>. <pubPlace>Leipzig</pubPlace>, <date>1938</date>,
|
||
<biblScope>pp. 102, 108, 148</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Wagner</author>,
|
||
<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KZ"/>
|
||
<biblScope>LXXV 60–61, n. 4</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Klima</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Arch._Or."/>
|
||
<biblScope>1958 XXVI 610</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Benveniste</author>.
|
||
<title>Le vocabulaire des institutions indo-européennes</title>.
|
||
<pubPlace>Paris</pubPlace>, <date>1969</date>
|
||
<biblScope>I 100 ff.</biblScope></bibl>).</note> Cf. also the proper name <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1070" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1639" xml:lang="ka"><w>Limačav</w>
|
||
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(from <oRef>Liman</oRef>-<ref type="xr" target="#entry_cæwyn"><w>čav</w></ref>:
|
||
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Андроникашвили"/>
|
||
<biblScope>133–134</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> attested in Georgian
|
||
sources. — The root <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1086" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1655" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">frī-</w> (<w type="rec">fray-</w>)</mentioned> is also found (with the prefix <m>a-</m>) in Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_arfæ"><w>arfæ</w> (← <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5724e1099" xml:id="mentioned_d5724e1669" xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ā-frayah-</w></mentioned>)
|
||
<gloss><q>blessing</q></gloss></ref>.<lb/><bibl><author>Ws. Miller</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">OÈ</ref>
|
||
<biblScope>II 87, III 80</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
|
||
<biblScope>36, 37</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
|
||
<biblScope>46</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
|
||
<biblScope>39 ff., 73 ff., 165, 203, 213 ff., 352, 584</biblScope></bibl>. —
|
||
<bibl><author>Bailey</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_TPhS"/>
|
||
<biblScope>1959, p. 78</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
||
</entry>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</text>
|
||
</TEI> |