abaev-xml/entries/abaev_sæddyn.xml
2025-03-21 13:42:40 +03:00

568 lines
No EOL
34 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">sæddyn</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. AKʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">????</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "" "";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
</tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_sæddyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
<form xml:id="form_d1824e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>sæddyn</orth><form type="participle"><orth>sast</orth></form></form>
<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>sæddun</orth><form type="participle"><orth>sast</orth></form></form>
<sense xml:id="sense_d1824e69" n="1">
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>ломать</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>break</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>ломаться</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>break down</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>разбивать</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>shatter</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>разбиваться</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>crash</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>рубить (дрова)</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>chop (wood)</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>нарушать</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>disrupt</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
</sense>
<sense n="2">
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>покорять</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>conquer</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>усмирять</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>subdue</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>покоряться</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>submit</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense/>
</sense>
<sense n="3">
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>признавать(ся)</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>admit</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>сознаваться</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>confess</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
</sense>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>ænæsæddon</w>
<gloss><q>непослушный</q></gloss></mentioned>; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>ænæsast</w>
<gloss><q>непокоренный</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>девственный, не паханный,
целинный</q></gloss> (о земле)</mentioned></note>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>ænæsæddon</w>
<gloss><q>disobedient</q></gloss></mentioned>; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>ænæsast</w>
<gloss><q>unconquered</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>untilled, virgin</q></gloss> (about the
ground)</mentioned></note>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" n="1">
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">næ bīræǧæn <oRef>asast</oRef>
dændag</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у нашего волка обломался зуб</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">our wolf's tooth broke</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
<biblScope>135</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dūryn <oRef>asasta</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он разбил кувшин</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he broke the jug</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
<biblScope>1957 III 59</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">... æmæ <oRef>asasta</oRef> kærʒyntæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">... и преломил хлебы</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">... and brake the loaves</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Марк"/>
<biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">6</hi> 41</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ūs sūgtæ <oRef>sasta</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">женщина рубила дрова</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a woman was chopping wood</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
<biblScope>III </biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ tyx <oRef>basædda</oRef>!</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">да сломится его сила!</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">let his strength be unbroken!</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
<biblScope>18</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bak˳ymdta īx <oRef>sæddyn</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">лед не поддался (<gloss><q>не дал себя
сломать</q></gloss>)</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the ice resisted (<gloss><q>didn't allow itself
to be broken</q></gloss>)</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
<biblScope>I 32</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sæ ard <oRef>basastoj</oRef>, fæsajdtoj
</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">они нарушили свою клятву, обманули нас</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they broke the oath, deceived us</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
<biblScope>1957 III 11</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ma <oRef>basædd</oRef> dæ ard</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">не нарушай свою клятву</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">don't brake your oath</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
<biblScope>40</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ew (cirtʒævæn) <oRef>basastæj</oRef>, īnnæ ba
ma ægas</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">один (надгробный камень) сломался, другой еще
цел</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">one (tombstone) broke down, the other is still
intact</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
<biblScope>I 102</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Xadizæt otæ ræsuǧd æma otæ ræwæg kafta æma,
ænǧældæn, æ kʼaxi buni karki ajkæ dær næ <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">basastajdæ</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Хадизат танцевала так изящно и так легко, что,
кажется, под ее ногой не разбилось бы и куриное яйцо</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Xadizæt was dancing so gracefully and so
lightly that it seemed that even a chicken egg wouldn't broke under her foot</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
<biblScope>34₅</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dawwæ osemæn sæ taxæ <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">basastæj</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у двух женщин сломилась сила</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the strength of two women was broken</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
<biblScope>34₅</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...mæ zærond færskitæ min ma <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">bassædda</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...чтобы он не поломал мои старые ребра</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...so he wouldn't brake my old ribs</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
<biblScope>24₈</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dæ nifs ma <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">rasæddæ</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пусть не сломится твой дух</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">let your spirit not be broken</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
<biblScope>40</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" n="2">
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Xīwy komy adæm <oRef>basastysty</oRef>,
mæsg˳yty dægæltæ ældary kūxy raddoj</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">жители Хевского ущелья покорились, вручили
князю ключи от (своих) боевых башен</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the villagers of Khevi Gorge submitted, they
gave the prince the keys for (their) battle towers</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
<biblScope>10</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Tajmaraz fonʒyssæg læǵy raz dær... næ
<oRef>basastaid</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Таймураз не покорился бы и перёд сотней
мужчин</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Tajmaraz wouldn't submit even to a hundred of
men</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
<biblScope>46</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ʒævgar fæqazydysty, fælæ ʒy nīḱī
<oRef>basast</oRef> nomʒyd barǵytæj</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">порядком поджигитовали, но никто из
прославленных наездников не уступил</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">there was a lot of trick riding, but nobody of
the glorified horsemen yielded</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
<biblScope>104</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ʒyrdæj dæ nīḱī <oRef>basædʒæn</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">словами тебя никто не смирит (<gloss><q>не
осилит</q></gloss>)</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">nobody will conquer you with the words
(<gloss><q>won't handle</q></gloss>)</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
<biblScope>16</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>basæddyny</oRef> qomys yn næj</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ничем его не проймешь</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">you won't get through to him</q>
</tr>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">... dæ suǧzærīnæ ræsuǧd xætæl, qal kizgi
zærdæ kæmæj <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">basastaj</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...твоя золотая прекрасная свирель, которой ты
покорил сердце гордой девушки</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...your beautiful golden panpipe using which
you have conquered the heart of a proud girl</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
<biblScope>42₃₂₄₋₃₂₅</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cæj, mæ xor, cæj <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">basæddæ</oRef>, ma wo min xevast</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ну же, мое солнышко, покорись, не будь
своевольной</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">come on, my sunshine, submit, don't be
headstrong</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
<biblScope>101</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" n="3">
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fætyx ta myl dæ, <oRef>sæddyn</oRef> yl
mæxædæg</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ты опять меня осилил, я сам это признаю</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">you have defeated me again, I admit it myself</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
<biblScope>228</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dūryn <oRef>asasta</oRef> æmæ jyl næ
<oRef>sæddy</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он разбил кувшин и не признается</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he is broken the jug and don't confess to it</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
<biblScope>1957 III 59</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ axxosyl <oRef>basastī</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он признал свою вину</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he admitted his guilt</q>
</tr>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>basastæj</oRef> læg æ fudbæl</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">муж признал свою вину</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the husband admitted his guilt</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_AK"/>
<biblScope>II 41</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Основа <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>sædd-</m></mentioned> — из <mentioned xml:lang="oos"><m>sænd-</m></mentioned> с ассимиляцией <m>nd</m><m>dd</m>, как <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bæddyn"><m>bædd-</m> (<w>bæddyn</w>)</ref>
<gloss><q>вязать</q></gloss> из <mentioned xml:lang="oos"><w>band-</w></mentioned>.
Восходит к иран. <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><m type="rec">sčand-</m> (<m type="rec">skand-</m>)</mentioned>, и.е. <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><m>ske(n)d-</m></mentioned>
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
<biblScope>918 — 919</biblScope></bibl>). Ср. <lang/>
<w>šⁱkustan</w> : <w>šⁱkan-</w>
<gloss><q>ломать(ся)</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>разбивать(ся)</q></gloss>,
<gloss><q>сгибать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>обуздать</q></gloss>,
<gloss><q>укрощать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>нанести поражение</q></gloss>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal-x-pazend"><lang/>
<w>škandan</w>
</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
<w>škastan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
<w>sind</w> : <w>sist</w>
<gloss><q>ломать</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Зарубин._Бел."/>
<biblScope xml:lang="ru">I 9, 21, 92, 181 и др.</biblScope></bibl>) <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
<w>ṣ̌ⁱčand-</w>
<gloss><q>резать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>рубить</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Tomaschek"/>
<biblScope>890</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Зарубин._Шугн."/>
<biblScope>273</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
<w>škend-</w>, <w>škεd-</w>
<gloss><q>ломать</q></gloss>
<note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Lorimer"/>
<biblScope>II 229</biblScope></bibl>)</note>, <w>šand-</w>
<gloss><q>to compound</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Shaw"/>
<biblScope>204</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
<w>fərsənd</w> (<w type="rec">fra-sčand-</w>) <gloss><q>разрываться</q></gloss>,
<gloss><q>растерзывать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>драть</q></gloss></mentioned>
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Пахалина"/>
<biblScope>200</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
<w type="rec">skand-</w> в <w>ktskntʼk</w>
<gloss><q>разрушенный</q></gloss>, <w>qṭskndmʼhkyʼh</w>
<gloss><q>разрушительное намерение</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._BBB"/>
<biblScope>63</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch"/>
<biblScope>§ 55</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
<m>tcañ-</m> : <m>tcasta-</m> в <w>ha-tcañ</w> : <w>ha-tcasta-</w>
<gloss><q>ломать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>разбивать</q></gloss>, <w>va-tcasta-</w>
<gloss><q>разбитый</q></gloss> (<note type="bibl"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._KhT"/>
<biblScope>VI 317, 383</biblScope></bibl></note>), <w>bitchañ-</w>
<gloss><q>пробивать</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS"/>
<biblScope>1966 XXIX 522</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>sčand-</w>, <w>sčənd-</w>, <w>sčind-</w>
<gloss><q>ломать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>skhad-</w>
<gloss><q>раскалывать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>рассекать</q></gloss></mentioned>,
<mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
<w>scatter</w>
<gloss><q>разбрасывать</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
<w>σχεδάννυμι</w>
<gloss><q>я разбрасываю</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>рассеиваю</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>разбиваю
на куски</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>сокрушаю</q></gloss></mentioned>. — Из иранского
идет, видимо, <mentioned xml:lang="x-mordvin"><lang/>
<w>śèńdé</w>, <w>śińdé</w>
<gloss><q>ломать</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Sköld._Oss."/>
<biblScope>35</biblScope></bibl>). — Как старая (без ассимиляции <c>nd</c><c>dd</c>)
форма глагола <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bæddyn"/>
<gloss><q>вязать</q></gloss> сохранилась в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bændæn"/>
<gloss><q>веревка</q></gloss> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyvændyn"><w>ny-vændyn</w></ref>
<gloss><q>мотать пряжу</q></gloss>, так старая форма глагола <oRef/> сохранилась в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sændæg"/> (<mentioned xml:lang="oos"><w type="rec">sčandaka-</w></mentioned>) <gloss><q>крошево</q></gloss>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræsændæg"/> (<mentioned xml:lang="oos"><w type="rec">fra-sčandaka-</w></mentioned>) <gloss><q>затор араки</q></gloss>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æssændyn"/> (<mentioned xml:lang="oos"><w type="rec">ham-sčand-</w></mentioned>)<gloss><q>крошить</q></gloss>,
<gloss><q>топтать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>попирать</q></gloss>; см. эти слова, а также <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sast"/>. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
<biblScope>II 47, 82, III 153</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
<biblScope>30, 63, 81</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
<biblScope>55</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZDMG"/>
<biblScope>1884 XXXVIII 425</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">The stem <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>sædd-</m></mentioned> is derived
from <mentioned xml:lang="oos"><m>sænd-</m></mentioned> with the assimilation <m>nd</m>
<m>dd</m>, as <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bæddyn"><m>bædd-</m> (<w>bæddyn</w>)</ref>
<gloss><q>bind</q></gloss> from <mentioned xml:lang="oos"><w>band-</w></mentioned>. It
goes back to Iranian <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><m type="rec">sčand-</m> (<m type="rec">skand-</m>)</mentioned>, Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><m>ske(n)d-</m></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
<biblScope>918 — 919</biblScope></bibl>). Cf. <lang/>
<w>šⁱkustan</w> : <w>šⁱkan-</w>
<gloss><q>break</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>shatter</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>bend</q></gloss>,
<gloss><q>curb</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>tame</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>defeat</q></gloss>,
<mentioned xml:lang="pal-x-pazend"><lang/>
<w>škandan</w>
</mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
<w>škastan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
<w>sind</w> : <w>sist</w>
<gloss><q>break</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Зарубин._Бел."/>
<biblScope xml:lang="en">I 9,
21, 92, 181 etc.</biblScope></bibl>) <mentioned xml:lang="sgh"><lang/>
<w>ṣ̌ⁱčand-</w>
<gloss><q>cut</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>chop</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Tomaschek"/>
<biblScope>890</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Зарубин._Шугн."/>
<biblScope>273</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
<w>škend-</w>, <w>škεd-</w>
<gloss><q>break</q></gloss>
<note type="bibl"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Lorimer"/>
<biblScope>II 229</biblScope></bibl>)</note>, <w>šand-</w>
<gloss><q>to compound</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Shaw"/>
<biblScope>204</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="isk"><lang/>
<w>fərsənd</w> (<w type="rec">fra-sčand-</w>) <gloss><q>get torn</q></gloss>,
<gloss><q>tear apart </q></gloss>, <gloss><q>tier to pieces</q></gloss></mentioned>
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Пахалина"/>
<biblScope>200</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
<w type="rec">skand-</w> in <w>ktskntʼk</w>
<gloss><q>destroyed</q></gloss>, <w>qṭskndmʼhkyʼh</w>
<gloss><q>destructive intent </q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Henning._BBB"/>
<biblScope>63</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch"/>
<biblScope>§ 55</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
<m>tcañ-</m> : <m>tcasta-</m> in <w>ha-tcañ</w> : <w>ha-tcasta-</w>
<gloss><q>break</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>shatter</q></gloss>, <w>va-tcasta-</w>
<gloss><q>shattered</q></gloss> (<note type="bibl"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._KhT"/>
<biblScope>VI 317, 383</biblScope></bibl></note>), <w>bitchañ-</w>
<gloss><q>punch</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS"/>
<biblScope>1966 XXIX 522</biblScope></bibl>), <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>sčand-</w>, <w>sčənd-</w>, <w>sčind-</w>
<gloss><q>break</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
<w>skhad-</w>
<gloss><q>split</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>cut</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
<w>scatter</w>
<gloss><q>scatter</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
<w>σχεδάννυμι</w>
<gloss><q>I scatter</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>I dispel</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>I break into
pieces</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>I destroy</q></gloss></mentioned>. — Apparently,
<mentioned xml:lang="x-mordvin"><lang/>
<w>śèńdé</w>, <w>śińdé</w>
<gloss><q>break</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Sköld._Oss."/>
<biblScope>35</biblScope></bibl>) is a borrowing from Iranian. — Just like the old form
(without the assimilation <c>nd</c><c>dd</c>) of the verb <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bæddyn"/>
<gloss><q>bind</q></gloss> preserved in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bændæn"/>
<gloss><q>rope</q></gloss> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_nyvændyn"><w>ny-vændyn</w></ref>
<gloss><q>pull the yarn</q></gloss>, the old form of the word <oRef/> preserved in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sændæg"/> (<mentioned xml:lang="oos"><w type="rec">sčandaka-</w></mentioned>) <gloss><q>hash</q></gloss>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræsændæg"/> (<mentioned xml:lang="oos"><w type="rec">fra-sčandaka-</w></mentioned>)
<gloss><q>blocking<?oxy_comment_start author="Irene" timestamp="20220306T122719+0300" comment="???????"?>
for alcoho<?oxy_comment_end ?>l</q></gloss>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æssændyn"/>
(<mentioned xml:lang="oos"><w type="rec">ham-sčand-</w></mentioned>)<gloss><q>crumble</q></gloss>,
<gloss><q>trample</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>oppress</q></gloss>; see these words, and also
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_sast"/>. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
<biblScope>II 47, 82, III 153</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
<biblScope>30, 63, 81</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
<biblScope>55</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ZDMG"/>
<biblScope>1884 XXXVIII 425</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>