193 lines
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15 KiB
XML
193 lines
No EOL
15 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">sænykk</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_sænykk" xml:lang="os-x-iron" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d4093e66" type="lemma"><orth>sænykk</orth></form>
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d4093e69">
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>козленок</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>baby goat</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">также </note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">also </note>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>детеныш тура (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒæbīdyr"/>), серны (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_syḱʼī"/>), косули (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_sæg0yt"/>)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>mountain goat's (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒæbīdyr"/>), chamois's (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_syḱʼī"/>), roe's (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_sæg0yt"/>) young</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; д. <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>dærkʼæ</w>
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id</mentioned></note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; Digor <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>dærkʼæ</w>
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id</mentioned></note>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ærtæmæjʒyd <oRef>sænykk</oRef> ysnyvond kænūt
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dælimontæn; ...<oRef>sænykk</oRef> ærgævdyn qæwy galīw kʼūxæj</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">трехмесячного козленка принесите в жертву
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бесам; заколоть (этого) козленка надо левой рукой</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sacrifice a three-month baby goat to demons;
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this baby goat must be stabbed with left hand</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Arsen"/>
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<biblScope>41</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ʒæbīdyry <oRef>sænykk</oRef> cʼītījyl
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bazzadī</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">детеныш тура остался на глетчере</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">a mountain goat's young stayed on a glacier</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><biblScope xml:lang="ru">из
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песни</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">from the song</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tiǧæj syḱʼī-syrdty kʼord ærbazynd, sæ cæw sæ
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razæj, sæǧtæ jæ fæstæ, kæmæn jæ <oRef>sænykk</oRef> jemæ, ḱi ta ænæ
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<oRef>sænykk</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">из-за выступа показалось стадо серн, козел
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(самец) впереди, за ним козы (самки), кто с козленком (детенышем), кто без
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козленка</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">from behind a ledge appeared a herd of roes, a
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he-goat is ahead, she-goats are behind of it, some of them are with a baby goat (a
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young), some without a young</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>121</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned xml:lang="oos"><w type="rec">sčani-ka-</w></mentioned> (индоевропейская база <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">sken-</w>
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<gloss><q>детеныш животного</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>козленок</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>щенок</q></gloss></mentioned>). Для развития <c>sčan</c> → <c>sæn</c> ср.
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<mentioned xml:lang="oos"><m>sčand-</m></mentioned> → <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>sænd-</m>
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<gloss><q>ломать</q></gloss></mentioned> (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sæddyn"/>,
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_sændæg"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æssændyn"/>). Ряд
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иранских языков дает надежные этимологические, отчасти и словообразовательные параллели:
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<mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
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<w>šanikh</w>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<bibl><author>Mayer</author></bibl>)</note>,
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<w>šinik</w>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<bibl><author>Grierson</author>,
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<author>Зарубин</author></bibl>)</note>
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<gloss><q>козленок</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa-x-dial"><lang><?oxy_comment_start author="админ" timestamp="20221125T112218+0300" comment="нет отдельного тега для этого диалекта"?>башкарди</lang><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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(перс. диал.) <w>šen</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
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<w>sanča</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>čan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>čana</w>, <w>čanoγo</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="psh"><lang/>
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<w>čhanik</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="khw"><lang/>
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<w>čhani</w>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(последние две формы из иранского?)</note>
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id</mentioned>. Сюда же <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang>авест.</lang>
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<w>sčaeni-</w> (варианты <w>sačaeni-</w>, <w>sačini-</w>) в сочетании <phr>azō
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sčaeniš</phr>, для которого с несомненностью устанавливается значение
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<gloss><q>козленок</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Hoffman</author>.
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<title>Drei indogermanische Tiernamen in einem Awesta-Fragment</title>. <biblScope>MSS
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XXII 29—38</biblScope></bibl>). Некоторые припамирские названия козленка (<mentioned xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>štənak</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
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<w>štənok</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="prc"><lang/>
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<w>išten</w></mentioned>) и щенка (<mentioned xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>skən</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
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<w>skənok</w></mentioned> и др.) мы возводили к и.е. <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">(s)ken-</w>
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<gloss><q>детеныш</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="ru">21 сл.</biblScope></bibl>). Распознаваемую в осетинском согдийскую, ягнобскую базу
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<mentioned xml:lang="sog" extralang="yai"><w type="rec">san-</w></mentioned>с тем же
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значением можно возводить к параллельной форме <mentioned xml:lang="sog" extralang="yai"><w type="rec">sḱen-</w></mentioned> и, стало быть, в плане дальней этимологии
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объединить с приведенной припамирской группой и с ос. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_stæn_1"/>
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<gloss><q>кобель</q></gloss>. Не исключено, наконец, что на кавказской почве в игру
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включились частично и местные факты: <mentioned xml:lang="ddo"><lang/>
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<w>čan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="khv" extralang="kap"><lang/>
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<w>can</w>
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<gloss><q>коза</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Дирр"/>,
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<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СМК"/>
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<biblScope>XL 3 96</biblScope></bibl>). <bibl><author>Gerschevitch</author>. <title>Iran
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und Islam</title>. <pubPlace>Edinburgh</pubPlace>, <date>1971</date>,<biblScope xml:lang="ru">стр. 267 сл.</biblScope></bibl></etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">It goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="oos"><w type="rec">sčani-ka-</w></mentioned> (Indo-European root <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">sken-</w>
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<gloss><q>animal's young</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>baby goat</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>puppy</q></gloss></mentioned>). As for the shift <c>sčan</c> → <c>sæn</c>,
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cf. <mentioned xml:lang="oos"><m>sčand-</m></mentioned> → <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>sænd-</m>
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<gloss><q>break</q></gloss></mentioned> (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sæddyn"/>,
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_sændæg"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æssændyn"/>). A
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number of Iranian languages provide reliable etymological and partly also derivational
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parallels: <mentioned xml:lang="x-balochi"><lang/>
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<w>šanikh</w>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<bibl><author>Mayer</author></bibl>)</note>,
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<w>šinik</w>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<bibl><author>Grierson</author>, <author>Zarubin</author></bibl>)</note>
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<gloss><q>baby goat</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="fa-x-dial"><lang>Bashkardi<?oxy_comment_start author="админ" timestamp="20221125T112218+0300" comment="нет отдельного тега для этого диалекта"?></lang><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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(Persian dialect) <w>šen</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="yai"><lang/>
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<w>sanča</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="mnj"><lang/>
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<w>čan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>čana</w>, <w>čanoγo</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="psh"><lang/>
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<w>čhanik</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="khw"><lang/>
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<w>čhani</w>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(are the last two forms from Iranian?)</note>
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id</mentioned>. Also <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>sčaeni-</w> (variants <w>sačaeni-</w>, <w>sačini-</w>) in the expression <phr>azō
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sčaeniš</phr>, for which the meaning <gloss><q>baby goat</q></gloss> is reconstructed
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without any doubt</mentioned> (<bibl><author>Hoffman</author>. <title>Drei
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indogermanische Tiernamen in einem Awesta-Fragment</title>. <biblScope>MSS XXII
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29—38</biblScope></bibl>).
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We earlier traced some <?oxy_comment_start author="админ" timestamp="20230117T125426+0300" comment="припамирские..?"?>
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Pamir<?oxy_comment_end ?> words for a baby goat (<mentioned xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>štənak</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
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<w>štənok</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="prc"><lang/>
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<w>išten</w></mentioned>) and of a puppy (<mentioned xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
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<w>skən</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sgy"><lang/>
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<w>skənok</w></mentioned> etc.) to Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">(s)ken-</w>
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<gloss><q>animal's young</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СЕИ"/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="en">21
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ff.</biblScope></bibl>). Sogdian and Jaghnobi base <mentioned xml:lang="sog" extralang="yai"><w type="rec">san-</w></mentioned> with the same meaning, which is
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recognized in Ossetic, may be traced to the parallel form <mentioned xml:lang="sog" extralang="yai"><w type="rec">sḱen-</w></mentioned> and, thus, may be seen as a distant
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relative of the Pamir group mentioned above and of Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_stæn_1"/>
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<gloss><q>male dog</q></gloss>. It is not excluded, finally, that the neighboring Caucasian
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languages could influence the shape of this word: <mentioned xml:lang="ddo"><lang/>
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<w>čan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="khv" extralang="kap"><lang/>
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<w>can</w>
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<gloss><q>goat</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Дирр"/>,
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<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_СМК"/>
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<biblScope>XL 3 96</biblScope></bibl>). <bibl><author>Gerschevitch</author>. <title>Iran
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und Islam</title>. <pubPlace>Edinburgh</pubPlace>, <date>1971</date>,<biblScope xml:lang="en">p. 267
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ff.</biblScope></bibl></etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI> |