335 lines
No EOL
20 KiB
XML
335 lines
No EOL
20 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">særfyn</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_særfyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
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<form xml:id="form_d4767e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>særfyn</orth><form type="participle"><orth>særft</orth></form></form>
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<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>særfun</orth><form type="participle"><orth>særft</orth></form></form>
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<sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>чистить</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>clean up</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>вытирать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>wipe</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>утирать</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>wipe away</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>провести (рукой)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>run (a hand)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>полоснуть (саблей)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>slash (with a saber)</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>nyssærfyn</w>
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<gloss><q>почистить</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>вычистить</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>вытереть</q></gloss></mentioned></note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>nyssærfyn</w>
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<gloss><q>clean</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>scrub</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>wipe
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off</q></gloss></mentioned></note>
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<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>xīsærfæn</w>
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<gloss><q>личное полотенце</q></gloss></mentioned><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">;
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близко по значению к <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mærzyn"/>, в некоторых сочетаниях эти
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два глагола взаимозаменимы: <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>kʼūxtæsærfæn</w> и
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<w>kʼūxtæmærzæn</w>
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<gloss><q>полотенце</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>платок</q></gloss>; <phr>dæ fynʒ
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nyssærf</phr> и <phr>dæ fynʒ nymmærz</phr>
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<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">утри нос</q></gloss></mentioned></note></note>
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<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>xīsærfæn</w>
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<gloss><q>personal towel</q></gloss></mentioned><note type="comment">; the meanings are
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close to <ref type="xr" target="#entry_mærzyn"/>, in some expressions these two verbs
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are interchangeable: <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>kʼūxtæsærfæn</w> and
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<w>kʼūxtæmærzæn</w>
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<gloss><q>towel</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>handkerchief</q></gloss>; <phr>dæ fynʒ
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nyssærf</phr> and <phr>dæ fynʒ nymmærz</phr>
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<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">wipe your
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nose</q></gloss></mentioned></note></note>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ænæsærft</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">нечищеный</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">uncleaned</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
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<biblScope>96</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">adæm sæ kærdtæ <oRef>asærftoj</oRef> æmæ
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acydysty</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">люди вытерли шашки и разошлись</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">people wiped checkers and dispersed</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>18</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Ʒama topp <oRef>særfta</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Дзама чистил ружье</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Dzama was cleaning a gun</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>25</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kælmærzæny kʼabazæj jæ cæsty syg
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<oRef>asærfta</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">краем платка вытерла слезы</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">she wiped her tears with the edge of the
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handkerchief</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
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<biblScope>35</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ ʒykkūtæj jyn jæ kʼæxtæ
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<oRef>nyssærfta</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">отерла волосами ноги его</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">and wiped his feet with her hair</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Иоанн"/>
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<biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">12</hi> 3</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fæcīs æxsad æmæ jæxī
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<oRef>nyssærfta</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">она кончила мыться и вытерлась</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">she finished washing, and wiped herself</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
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<biblScope>II 111</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">jæ cæskom <oRef>asærfta</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">она вытерла лицо</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">she wiped her face</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нафи"/>
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<biblScope>208</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sabyrgaj <oRef>ærsærfta</oRef> syvællony
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rūs</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он осторожно провел рукой по щеке ребенка</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he cautiously ran his hand over the child's
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cheek</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
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<biblScope>1961 I 22</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ældar... ūsy mardyl <oRef>asærfta</oRef>
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syzǧærin xīsærfæn, æmæ ūs cy wyd avd axæm x˳yzdær festad</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">алдар провел по трупу женщины золотым
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полотенцем, и женщина стала всемеро лучше, чем была</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="xr" target="#entry_ældar">ældar</ref> ran the golden towel over the corpse of the woman, and the woman
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became eight times better than she used to be</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
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<biblScope>88</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>ærcæjsærfta</oRef> Aslæmyrzæ
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nyxmælæwwæg Mysyrbijy</quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Асламурза полоснул было (саблей) противника
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Мисирби</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Aslæmyrzæ slashed (with a saber) his enemy
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Mysyrbi</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Хар._Кадӕг"/>
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<biblScope>74</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æ cæstisugtæ æ cʼæx coqaj dumæggagæj <oRef xml:lang="os-x-digor">nissærfta</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он вытер слезы полой серой черкески</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he wiped his tears with the flap of the gray
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Circassian coat</q>
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</tr>
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<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
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<biblScope>205</biblScope></bibl>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="ru" type="comment">Переносно
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употребляется также в значении <gloss><q>утащить</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>уворовать</q></gloss>: </note>
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<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:lang="en" type="comment">This word has also
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figurative meaning <gloss><q>carry off</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>steal</q></gloss>: </note>
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<example>
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<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">xæʒary cy ’ssardta, ūdon
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<oRef>rasærfta</oRef></quote>
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<tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он утащил все, что нашел в доме</q>
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</tr>
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<tr xml:lang="en">
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<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he stole everything that he found in the
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house</q>
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</tr>
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</example>
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</exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Быть может, следует возводить к и.е. <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">skerbh-</w>
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<gloss><q>скрести</q></gloss></mentioned> и пр. (<c>sk-</c> → <c>s-</c>, как в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sæddyn"/> и др., <c>bh</c> → <c>f</c>, как в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7rfyg"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Naf"/> и др.). Ср. в этом случае
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<mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>скребу</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lv"><lang/>
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<w>skrabu</w>, <w>skrabt</w>
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<gloss><q>скрести</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>скоблить</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ang"><lang/>
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<w>sceorpan</w>
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<gloss><q>скрести</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="gmh"><lang/>
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<w>schraffen</w>
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<gloss><q>обдирать</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
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<biblScope>943</biblScope></bibl>).<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">Сюда ли
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<mentioned xml:lang="hit"><lang/>
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<w>šap-</w> (из <w type="rec">sarp-</w>) <gloss><q>очищать от грязи</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>обтирать</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Friedrich</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JAOS"/>
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<date>1968</date>
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<biblScope>V 88</biblScope></bibl>)? Ср. также <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>шарпать</w>
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<gloss><q>скрести</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>тереть</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>драть</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>грабить</q></gloss></mentioned>
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(<name>Гоголь</name>, <name>Чапыгин</name>), <mentioned xml:lang="uk"><lang/>
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<w>шарпати</w>
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<gloss><q>рвать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>драть</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pl"><lang/>
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<w>szarpač</w>
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<gloss><q>рвать</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>трепать</q></gloss></mentioned>.</note> —
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Другая возможность, — предполагая вполне закономерное развитие <mentioned xml:lang="oos"><m type="rec">säpär-</m> → <m type="rec">säf°r</m></mentioned> → <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>særf-</m></mentioned>, видеть здесь одну из тюрко-алано-венгерских
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изоглосс (см.: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_АВСв."/>
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<biblScope xml:lang="ru">525 сл.</biblScope></bibl>); ср. <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
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<w>səpər-</w>, <w>səbər-</w>, <w>seber-</w>, <w>sibir-</w>
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<gloss><q>мести</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>подметать</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
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<biblScope>IV 668, 671</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl xml:lang="ru"><title>Русско-тат.
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сл.</title>
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<pubPlace>Казань</pubPlace>, <date>1971</date>, <biblScope>стр.
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321</biblScope></bibl>.
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— <bibl xml:lang="ru"><title>Русско-карач.-балк. сл.</title>
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<pubPlace>М.</pubPlace>, <date>1965</date>, <biblScope>стр. 269</biblScope></bibl>),
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далее <mentioned xml:lang="hu"><lang/>
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<w>seperni</w> id., <w>sepró</w>
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<gloss><q>метла</q></gloss></mentioned>. — <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang>Русск.</lang>
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<m>шарп-</m> в <w>шарпать</w>, <w>обшарпанный</w></mentioned>, возможно из
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аланского.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">This word should perhaps be traced back to Indo-European <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">skerbh-</w>
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<gloss><q>scrape</q></gloss></mentioned> etc. (<c>sk-</c> → <c>s-</c>, as in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_sæddyn"/> etc., <c>bh</c> → <c>f</c>, as in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7rfyg"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_Naf"/> etc.). Cf. in this case
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<mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
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<w>skrebu</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lv"><lang/>
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<w>skrabu</w>, <w>skrabt</w>
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<gloss><q>scrape</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>scratch</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ang"><lang/>
|
||
<w>sceorpan</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>scrape</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="gmh"><lang/>
|
||
<w>schraffen</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>strip</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Pokorny"/>
|
||
<biblScope>943</biblScope></bibl>).<note type="footnote">Is <mentioned xml:lang="hit"><lang/>
|
||
<w>šap-</w> (from <w type="rec">sarp-</w>) <gloss><q>clean from mud</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>wipe</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><author>Friedrich</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_JAOS"/>
|
||
<date>1968</date>
|
||
<biblScope>V 88</biblScope></bibl>) a cognate? Cf. also <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
||
<w>šarpat'</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>scrape</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>scrub</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>tear</q></gloss>,
|
||
<gloss><q>rob</q></gloss></mentioned> (<name>Gogol</name>, <name>Chapygin</name>),
|
||
<mentioned xml:lang="uk"><lang/>
|
||
<w>šarpati</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>tear</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>strip</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="pl"><lang/>
|
||
<w>szarpač</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>tear</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>scutch</q></gloss></mentioned>.</note> — The
|
||
other opportunity is, assuming quite regular development <mentioned xml:lang="oos"><m type="rec">säpär-</m> → <m type="rec">säf°r</m></mentioned> → <mentioned xml:lang="os"><m>særf-</m></mentioned>, to see there one of the Turkic-Alanian-Hungarian isoglosses
|
||
(see: <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_АВСв."/>
|
||
<biblScope xml:lang="en">525
|
||
ff.</biblScope></bibl>); cf. <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/>
|
||
<w>səpər-</w>, <w>səbər-</w>, <w>seber-</w>, <w>sibir-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>sweep</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>sweep up</q></gloss></mentioned> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
|
||
<biblScope>IV 668, 671</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl xml:lang="en"><title>Russko-tatarskij slovarʼ</title>
|
||
[Russian-Tatar dictionary]
|
||
<pubPlace>Kazan</pubPlace>, <date>1971</date>, <biblScope>p. 321</biblScope></bibl>. —
|
||
<bibl xml:lang="en"><title>Russko-karačaevo-balkarskij slovarʼ</title> [Russian-Karachai-Balkarian
|
||
dictionary].
|
||
<pubPlace>Moscow</pubPlace>, <date>1965</date>, <biblScope>p. 269</biblScope></bibl>),
|
||
also <mentioned xml:lang="hu"><lang/>
|
||
<w>seperni</w> id., <w>sepró</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>broom</q></gloss></mentioned>. — <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
||
<m>šarp-</m> in <w>šarpat'</w>, <w>obšarpannyj</w></mentioned>, probably, is from
|
||
Alanian.</etym>
|
||
</entry>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</text>
|
||
</TEI> |