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abaev-xml/entries/abaev_saǧadaq.xml
Oleg Belyaev ac71d54583 Initial BaseX export
2025-03-21 13:42:40 +03:00

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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">saǧadaq</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
</fileDesc>
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
</tagsDecl>
</encodingDesc>
</teiHeader>
<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_saǧadaq" xml:lang="os-x-digor" abv:completeness="incomplete">
<form xml:id="form_d3955e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os"><orth>saǧadaq</orth><form type="variant"><orth>sæǧædaq</orth></form><form type="variant"><orth>saǧændaq</orth></form><form type="variant"><orth>sadaq</orth></form></form>
<usg><lang/></usg>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">[<formGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<form xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="variant" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><usg><lang/></usg><orth> saǧædaq</orth></form>
</formGrp> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сл."/></bibl>) не документировано]</note>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">[<formGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<form xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="variant" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><usg><lang/></usg><orth> saǧædaq</orth></form>
</formGrp> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сл."/></bibl>) is not documented]</note>
<sense xml:id="sense_d3955e69">
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>оружейный набор состоящий из колчана, лука и стрел</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>weapons suite that consists of a quiver, a bow and arrows</q>
</abv:tr>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; по контексту может означать отдельные компоненты
этого набора:<q>колчан</q>, <q>лук</q>, <q>стрела</q>, также <q>самострел</q>, <q>лук с
прикладом</q></note>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; in the context the word may mean the separate
components of this suite:<q>quiver</q>, <q>bow</q>, <q>arrow</q> and also
<q>crossbow</q>, <q>bow with a buttstock</q></note>
</sense>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Æxsaræ <oRef>saǧadaqbæl</oRef> fat isængom
kodta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Ахсар приладил к луку стрелу</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Æxsaræ put an arrow to his bow</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
<biblScope>II 8</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>saǧadaq</oRef> duwwemæj
ærizdaxtæj</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">стрела вернулась сдвоенной</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the arrow came back forked</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/><biblScope>II 8</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><oRef>saǧadaq</oRef> in æ tærnixmæ isarazta
is-ibæl-æj-waǧta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">нацелился стрелой ему в лоб и пустил в него</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he targeted his forehead with an arrow and shot
it at him</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
<biblScope>II 16</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mæ cerq, me 'sqær, mæ <oRef>saǧædaq</oRef> —
oni Dedenægi furt Eræxcawæn raddetæ ma min e mæ tog rajsæd Ojnoni Calxæj</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">мой меч, мою кольчугу, мой лук со стрелами
отдайте Деденегову сыну Ерахцау, и пусть он отомстит за меня Колесу Ойнона</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">my sword, my chainmail, my bow with arrows give
to Eræxcaw, the son of Dedenæg, and let him avenge me against the Wheel of Ojnon</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
<biblScope>II 21</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">je 'fcægæj saǧændaq ærbaskʼafta æma ibæl æj
iswaǧta; <oRef>saǧændaqi</oRef> fat Azzæ æ bazuri buni raivardta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он сорвал с шеи самострел и пустил в нее;
стрелу самострела Азза спрятала под своим крылом</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he ripped a crossbow from his neck and shot an
arrow at her; the arrow of his crossbow Azzæ hid under her wing</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
<biblScope>51</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">æ <oRef>sæǧædaq</oRef> rajsta Asægo æma
randæj æ warzon osæ agorunmæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Асаго взял свой лук со стрелами и отправился
искать свою любимую жену</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Asægo took his bow with arrows and went to look
for his beloved wife</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
<biblScope>13₈</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">kæmæn si 'vzista æxsaræj kadi xwæsti æ
<oRef>saǧædaq</oRef>?</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">у кого из них доблестно грозил (врагам)
самострел в славном бою?</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">whose crossbow threatened (the enemies)
valiantly in the glorious battle?</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
<biblScope>73</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Монгольское и тюркское слово: <mentioned xml:lang="mn"><lang/>
<w>saγadag</w><gloss><q>лук со стрелами</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>колчан</q></gloss>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ramstedt"/><biblScope xml:lang="ru"> 316 сл.</biblScope></bibl> — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Doerfer"/><biblScope> I
336 — 340</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/><w> saγdag</w>, <w>saadaq</w>, <w>sadaq</w>
<gloss><q>лук со всеми принадлежностями</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>лук и футляр для
лука</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>колчан</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>кожаная сумка, в которую
кладут лук и стрелы</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>колчан с отделением для
стрел</q></gloss><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (значение варьирует по
диалектам)</note>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/><biblScope>IV 279,
383</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Дмитриев</author>. <title>Строй тюркских
языков</title>. <pubPlace>М.</pubPlace>, <time>1962</time>, <biblScope xml:lang="ru">стр. 542</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Отсюда и <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="orv"><lang/><w> сагадакъ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/><w> саадак</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="uk"><lang/>
<w>сагайдак</w>, <w>сайдак</w></mentioned><gloss><q>колчан со
стрелами</q></gloss><gloss><q>налучник</q></gloss>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._REW"/><biblScope>II 565,
566, 569</biblScope></bibl>).</note><note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote"><quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">Встарь называли так и весь прибор: лук с налучником
и колчан со стрелами</q></quote> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Даль"/></bibl>).</note></mentioned> На кавказской почве ср. еще <mentioned xml:lang="uby"><lang/>
<w>saγandaq</w><gloss>
<q>арбалет</q></gloss><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Mészaros"/>
<biblScope>314</biblScope></bibl>)</note>, <w>šʼand˳aq</w>
<gloss><q>лук</q></gloss>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Mészaros"/>
<biblScope>329</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vogt"/>
<biblScope>188</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ady"><lang/>
<w>saγajdaq</w>, <w>saγəndaq</w>
<gloss><q>лук и стрелы</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kbd"><lang/><w>saγəndaq</w><gloss><q>самострел</q></gloss>,
<gloss><q>арбалет</q></gloss></mentioned>. В осетинском слово является избыточным, так
как все относящиеся сюда предметы имеют старые, унаследованные от древнеиранского
наименования: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7rdyn"/> | <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ænduræ"/>
<gloss><q>лук</q></gloss>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7rdyston"/>
<gloss><q>футляр для лука</q></gloss>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fat"/><gloss><q>стрела</q></gloss>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>fatdon</w><gloss><q>колчан</q></gloss></mentioned>. Поэтому <oRef>saǧadaq</oRef>
не вошло в общее употребление, имея хождение только в тех слоях, которые испытывали
особенно сильное монгольское и тюркское влияние. <note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
<biblScope>II 116</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
<biblScope>9</biblScope></bibl></note>. </etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">This word is borrowed from Mongolian and Turkic: <mentioned xml:lang="mn"><lang/>
<w>saγadag</w><gloss><q>bow with arrows</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>quiver</q></gloss>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Ramstedt"/><biblScope xml:lang="en"> 316
ff.</biblScope></bibl> — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Doerfer"/><biblScope> I
336 — 340</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="trk"><lang/><w> saγdag</w>, <w>saadaq</w>, <w>sadaq</w>
<gloss><q>bow with all the accessories</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>bow and its
case</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>quiver</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>leather bag in which a bow
and arrows are put</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>quiver with a section for
arrows</q></gloss><note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (the meaning varies among the
dialects)</note>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Радлов"/>
<biblScope>IV 279, 383</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><author>Dmitrijev</author>.
<title>Stroj tjurkskix jazykov</title> [The grammatical system of Turkic
languages]. <pubPlace>Moscow</pubPlace>, <date>1962</date>, <biblScope xml:lang="en">p.
542</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. <mentioned><mentioned xml:lang="orv"><lang/><w> sagadakъ</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/><w>
saadak</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="uk"><lang/>
<w>sagajdak</w>, <w>sajdak</w>
</mentioned><gloss><q>quiver with arrows</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>bow case</q></gloss>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._REW"/><biblScope>II 565,
566, 569</biblScope></bibl>) are derived from this word.</note><note xml:lang="en" type="footnote"><quote><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">In early times this word was
used for all the set: a bow with a bow case and a quiver with arrows</q></quote>
(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Даль"/></bibl>).</note></mentioned> Cf. also
the cognates from the other Caucasian languages: <mentioned xml:lang="uby"><lang/>
<w>saγandaq</w><gloss>
<q>crossbow</q></gloss><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Mészaros"/>
<biblScope>314</biblScope></bibl>)</note>, <w>šʼand˳aq</w>
<gloss><q>bow</q></gloss>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Mészaros"/>
<biblScope>329</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vogt"/>
<biblScope>188</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ady"><lang/>
<w>saγajdaq</w>, <w>saγəndaq</w>
<gloss><q>bow and arrows</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="kbd"><lang/>
<w>saγəndaq</w><gloss><q>crossbow</q></gloss>,
<gloss><q>arbalest</q></gloss></mentioned>. In Ossetic this word is excessive because
all the objects associated with a bow have their own old names inherited from Old Iranian:
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_7rdyn"/> | <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ænduræ"/>
<gloss><q>bow</q></gloss>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_7rdyston"/>
<gloss><q>bow case</q></gloss>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fat"/><gloss><q>arrow</q></gloss>, <mentioned xml:lang="os"><w>fatdon</w><gloss><q>quiver</q></gloss></mentioned>. That's why
<oRef>saǧadaq</oRef> didn't come into common use. It is used only in the societies that
were highly influenced by Mongolian and Turkic. <note type="comment"><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/>
<biblScope>II 116</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/>
<biblScope>9</biblScope></bibl></note>. </etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>
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