481 lines
No EOL
31 KiB
XML
481 lines
No EOL
31 KiB
XML
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
|
||
<teiHeader>
|
||
<fileDesc>
|
||
<titleStmt>
|
||
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">smag</hi></title>
|
||
</titleStmt>
|
||
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
|
||
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
|
||
<sourceDesc>
|
||
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
|
||
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
|
||
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
|
||
</sourceDesc>
|
||
</fileDesc>
|
||
<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
|
||
<tagsDecl>
|
||
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
|
||
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
|
||
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
|
||
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
|
||
</tagsDecl>
|
||
</encodingDesc>
|
||
</teiHeader>
|
||
<text>
|
||
<body>
|
||
<entry xml:id="entry_smag" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
|
||
<form xml:id="form_d3478e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>smag</orth></form>
|
||
<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>(æ)smag</orth></form>
|
||
<sense>
|
||
<sense xml:id="sense_d3478e69">
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>запах</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>smell (n.)</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (в иронском чаще о дурном запахе)</note>
|
||
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (in Iron more often about the bad smell)</note>
|
||
</sense>
|
||
<sense>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>вонь</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>stink</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
</sense>
|
||
<sense>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>смрад</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>stench</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
</sense>
|
||
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæf"><w>tæf</w>
|
||
<q>запах</q></ref></note>
|
||
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæf"><w>tæf</w>
|
||
<q>smell</q></ref></note>
|
||
</sense>
|
||
<re>
|
||
<form type="lemma"><orth>smag kænyn</orth></form>
|
||
<sense>
|
||
<sense>
|
||
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пахнуть</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">smell (v.)</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</sense>
|
||
<sense>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>вонять</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>stink (v.)</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
</sense>
|
||
</sense>
|
||
</re>
|
||
<re>
|
||
<form type="lemma"><orth>smaggænag</orth></form>
|
||
<sense>
|
||
<sense>
|
||
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">пахучий</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">scented</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</sense>
|
||
<sense>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q>вонючий</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q>smelly</q>
|
||
</abv:tr>
|
||
</sense>
|
||
</sense>
|
||
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
|
||
<biblScope>81</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
|
||
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
|
||
<biblScope>81</biblScope></bibl>)</note>
|
||
</re>
|
||
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">fīw... xūs <oRef>ysmag</oRef> xæssy</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">от сала несет сухим запахом</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the salo has a dry smell</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
|
||
<biblScope>93</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">lægæt ūmæl <oRef>smag</oRef> kodta</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в пещере пахло сыростью</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the cave smelled damp</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
|
||
<biblScope>1961 I 27</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...fælæ wæm allony smag cæwy</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...но у вас пахнет аланским духом</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">...but you smell of Alan spirit</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
|
||
<biblScope>III 82</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bæstæ <oRef>smagæj</oRef> fesæftaj</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ты навонял на всю округу</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">you stink all over the neighborhood</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
|
||
<biblScope>III 177</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sæ ūstytæn ... se <oRef>smag</oRef>
|
||
kæly</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">от их женщин несет запахом</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">their women smell</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Брит."/>
|
||
<biblScope>135</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">watmæ k˳y bacydī, wæd jæ fynʒyl awadī særst
|
||
cyryqqyty <oRef>smag</oRef></quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда он вошел в комнату, в нос ему ударил
|
||
запах смазных сапог</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">when he entered the room, the smell of greased
|
||
boots hit him in the nose</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Arsen"/>
|
||
<biblScope>58</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(bīræǧ zaǧta:) <q>xæryn dæ, ʒærǧ</q>; <q>cy
|
||
mæ xærys, mæ sær dūr ū, mæ færstæ kʼæj sty, mæ fæstag ærdæg <oRef>smag</oRef>
|
||
kæny</q></quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(волк сказал:) <q>я тебя съем, свинья</q>;
|
||
<q>что ты из меня съешь, моя голова — камень, мои бока — плиты, моя задняя
|
||
половина воняет</q></q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(the wolf said:) <q>I will eat you, pig</q>;
|
||
<q>what are you going to eat out of me, my head is a rock, my sides are slabs, my
|
||
back half stinks</q></q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОТ"/>
|
||
<biblScope>68—69</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(mard) bambydī æmæ <oRef>smag</oRef> kænyn
|
||
bajdydta</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(труп) разложился и стал пахнуть</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">(the corpse) decomposed and began to smell</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
|
||
<biblScope>I 54</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">smag kæny, ūmæn æmæ cyppar bony ḱyryny
|
||
īs</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">смердит, ибо четыре дня, как он во гробе</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he stinketh: for he hath been dead four
|
||
days</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Иоанн"/>
|
||
<biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">11</hi> 39</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ūj bajdydta <oRef>mærdysmag</oRef></quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">от него пошел трупный запах</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he gave off a cadaverous smell</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Темыр."/>
|
||
<biblScope>41</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">mærdty <oRef>smagmæ</oRef> zæjy wælæ syntytæ
|
||
ratæx-batæx kodtoj</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">на запах трупов над лавиной летали вороны</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">crows flew over the avalanche on the smell of
|
||
corpses</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
|
||
<biblScope>44</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
||
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">eci <oRef>smag</oRef> ke finʒi iscæwa, omæn
|
||
zian kænʒænæj</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">в чей нос проникнет тот запах, тому
|
||
повредит</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he will hurt those, in whose nose that smell
|
||
penetrates</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_DZ"/>
|
||
<biblScope>204</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
||
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">efstagmæ irdgæ ærdumuj, xæssuj izolti
|
||
<oRef>suǧdæsmag</oRef></quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">изредка подует ветер, разносит далеко запах
|
||
горелого</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">occasionally the wind blows, carries the smell
|
||
of burnt far away</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Iræf"/>
|
||
<biblScope>76</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
||
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">bor misiti ʒæbæx <oRef>æsmag</oRef> finʒi
|
||
qæltæ cavta</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">приятный запах желтых дынь ударял в нос</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the pleasant smell of yellow melons hit the
|
||
nose</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_AK"/>
|
||
<biblScope>II 9</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
<example>
|
||
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ba-nin-nimadta beræ ræsuǧd æma ʒæbæx
|
||
<oRef>æsmaggænagæ</oRef> dedengutæ</quote>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="ru">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">он перечислил нам много красивых и хорошо
|
||
пахнущих цветов</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr xml:lang="en">
|
||
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">he listed us many beautiful and well-smelling
|
||
flowers</q>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_AK"/>
|
||
<biblScope>III 65</biblScope></bibl>
|
||
</example>
|
||
</exampleGrp>
|
||
<etym xml:lang="ru">Существует несомненная связь между понятиями <q>запах</q> и <q>жар</q>,
|
||
<q>огонь</q>. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæf" xml:lang="os"><lang>Ос.</lang>
|
||
<w>tæf</w>
|
||
<q>запах</q></ref> восходит к
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221013T170159+0300" comment="или и.е?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>tapah-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>жар</q></gloss></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tævd" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
||
<w>tævd</w>
|
||
<q>горячий</q></ref>; этот же индоевропейский корень <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">tep-</w></mentioned> в германских словах: <mentioned xml:lang="no"><lang/>
|
||
<w>tev</w>, <w>teft</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sv"><lang/>
|
||
<w>täv</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>запах</q></gloss></mentioned>; <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
|
||
<w>Geruch</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>запах</q></gloss></mentioned> связано с <mentioned xml:lang="de"><w>Rauch</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>дым</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
|
||
<w>kvāpas</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>запах</q></gloss></mentioned> — с <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><w>kūp<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221013T170642+0300" comment="не уверена в диакритике в абаеве"?>e<?oxy_comment_end ?>ti</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>кипеть</q></gloss></mentioned> и <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
||
<w>καηνός</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>дым</q>, <q>пар</q></gloss></mentioned>; ср. также <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
||
<w>дух</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>запах</q></gloss> и <w>духота</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>зной</q>, <q>жара</q>, <q>жаркий воздух, стесняющий
|
||
дыхание</q></gloss></mentioned>. Все это позволяет с уверенностью возводить <oRef/> к
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221013T171119+0300" comment="иран? и.е.?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ušmāka-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, ср. <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
||
<w>ūšmaka-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>знойная пора</q>, <q>летний зной</q></gloss>, <w>ušman-</w>, имен. падеж
|
||
<w>ušmā</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>жар</q>, <q>зной</q>, <q>дым</q>, <q>чад</q></gloss>
|
||
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">[связано с <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>oṣati</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>жжет</q></gloss></mentioned> (<w>ušman</w> → <oRef/>, как
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221013T171515+0300" comment="др.инд?"?><mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>dantan-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> → <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dændag"/> и т. п.)]</note></mentioned>.<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote">1 Сюда же, вероятно, недокументированное <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
|
||
<w>æsmæ</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>мгла</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
|
||
<biblScope>442</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.</note> Отпадение начального
|
||
<c>u-</c> в
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221013T171119+0300" comment="иран? и.е.?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ušmāka-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> → <oRef/>
|
||
сопоставимо с отпадением начального <c>u-</c> в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bæstæ"/> из
|
||
<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>upasta-</w></mentioned> и т. п. Не исключено, что древними
|
||
заимствованиями из скифского являются <mentioned xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
|
||
<w type="rec">smaga</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
||
<w>смага</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>жар</q>, <q>пыл</q>, <q>огонь</q></gloss>
|
||
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(встречается в <bibl xml:lang="ru"><title>Слове о
|
||
полку Игореве</title></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cs"><lang/>
|
||
<w>smáha</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>жар</q>, <q>зной</q>, <q>ожог</q></gloss> и пр.</mentioned> и <mentioned xml:lang="gem"><lang/>
|
||
<w type="rec">smak</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="gml"><lang/>
|
||
<w>smak</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="nl"><lang/>
|
||
<w>smaak</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="no"><lang/>
|
||
<w>smag</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sv"><lang/>
|
||
<w>smak</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>запах</q>, <q>вкус</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="gmh"><lang/>
|
||
<w>smacken</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
|
||
<w>schmecken</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>чувствовать запах</q>, <q>обонять</q>, <q>пахнуть</q></gloss>, <gloss><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">со временем</note>
|
||
<q>пробовать</q>, <q>отведывать</q></gloss></mentioned>. Значения <q>вкус</q> ||
|
||
<q>запах</q> переплетаются, ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ad" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
||
<w>ad</w>
|
||
<q>вкус</q></ref> при <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
|
||
<w>odor</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>запах</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
|
||
<w>flavour</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>аромат</q>, <q>запах</q>, <q>вкус</q></gloss></mentioned>. Семантическая
|
||
пейорация (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">запах</q> → <q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">вонь</q>) — как в <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
||
<w>вонь</w></mentioned> при <mentioned xml:lang="orv"><lang>др.русск.</lang>
|
||
<w>вонь</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>благоухание</q>, <q>аромат</q></gloss></mentioned>. Славянские слова натянуто
|
||
сближают с <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
||
<w>σμ<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221013T173957+0300" comment="не те диакритики"?>ὖ<?oxy_comment_end ?>χω</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>сжигаю медленным огнем</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
|
||
<w>smoke</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>дымить</q></gloss> и пр. <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._REW"/>
|
||
<biblScope>s.v.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, вопреки различию корневых
|
||
гласных. Германские слова также не анализируются на германской почве, а привлечение
|
||
<mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang>лит.</lang>
|
||
<w>smagùs</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>веселый</q>, <q>радостный</q>, <q>приятный</q></gloss></mentioned> и
|
||
производных от него (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Kluge-Götze"/></bibl>, <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Falk-Torp"/></bibl>) ведет явно в другую семантическую сферу.
|
||
Из аланского идет также <mentioned xml:lang="hu"><lang/>
|
||
<w>szag</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>запах</q></gloss></mentioned> с закономерным выпадением губного после
|
||
<c>sz</c>, как в <mentioned xml:lang="hu"><w>szabad</w>
|
||
<note type="comment">из <w type="rec">szvabad</w></note>
|
||
<gloss><q>свобода</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="hu"><w>szent</w>
|
||
<note type="comment">из <w type="rec">szvent</w></note>
|
||
<gloss><q>святой</q></gloss></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl>Вс. <author>Миллер</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">ОЭ</ref>
|
||
<biblScope>II 81</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_АВСв."/>
|
||
<biblScope>533</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
||
<etym xml:lang="en">There is an undoubted connection between the concepts of <q>smell</q>
|
||
and <q>heat</q>, <q>fire</q>. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tæf" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
||
<w>tæf</w>
|
||
<q>smell</q></ref> goes back to
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221013T170159+0300" comment="или и.е?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>tapah-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>heat</q></gloss></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tævd" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
||
<w>tævd</w>
|
||
<q>hot</q></ref>; the same Indo-European root <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><w type="rec">tep-</w></mentioned> is found in Germanic words: <mentioned xml:lang="no"><lang/>
|
||
<w>tev</w>, <w>teft</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sv"><lang/>
|
||
<w>täv</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>smell</q></gloss></mentioned>; <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
|
||
<w>Geruch</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>smell</q></gloss></mentioned> refers to <mentioned xml:lang="de"><w>Rauch</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>smoke</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
|
||
<w>kvāpas</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>smell</q></gloss></mentioned> — to <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><w>kūp<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221013T170642+0300" comment="не уверена в диакритике в абаеве"?>e<?oxy_comment_end ?>ti</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>boil</q></gloss></mentioned> and <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
||
<w>καηνός</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>smoke</q>, <q>steam</q></gloss></mentioned>; cf. also <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
||
<w>dukh</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>smell</q></gloss> and <w>dukhota</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>heat</q>, <q>hot air that restricts breathing</q></gloss></mentioned>. All
|
||
these facts allow us to trace <oRef/> back to
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221013T171119+0300" comment="иран? и.е.?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ušmāka-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?>, cf. <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
||
<w>ūšmaka-</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>sultry time</q>, <q>summer heat</q></gloss>, <w>ušman-</w>, nominal case
|
||
<w>ušmā</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>heat</q>, <q>smoke</q>, <q>haze</q></gloss>
|
||
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">[it is connected with <mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>oṣati</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>burns</q></gloss></mentioned> (<w>ušman</w> → <oRef/>, like
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221013T171515+0300" comment="др.инд?"?><mentioned xml:lang="inc-x-old"><w>dantan-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> → <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dændag"/> etc.)]</note></mentioned>.<note type="footnote">Also here
|
||
probably undocumented <mentioned xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
|
||
<w>æsmæ</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>mist</q></gloss>
|
||
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
|
||
<biblScope>442</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>.</note> The loss of the
|
||
initial <c>u-</c> in
|
||
<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221013T171119+0300" comment="иран? и.е.?"?><mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w type="rec">ušmāka-</w></mentioned><?oxy_comment_end ?> → <oRef/> is
|
||
comparable to the loss of the initial <c>u-</c> in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bæstæ"/>
|
||
from <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>upasta-</w></mentioned> etc. It is possible that the
|
||
ancient borrowings from Scythian are <mentioned xml:lang="sla"><lang/>
|
||
<w type="rec">smaga</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
||
<w>smaga</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>warmth</q>, <q>heat</q>, <q>fire</q></gloss>
|
||
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(is attested)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="cs"><lang/>
|
||
<w>smáha</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>heat</q>, <q>burn</q></gloss> etc.</mentioned> and <mentioned xml:lang="gem"><lang/>
|
||
<w type="rec">smak</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="gml"><lang/>
|
||
<w>smak</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="nl"><lang/>
|
||
<w>smaak</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="no"><lang/>
|
||
<w>smag</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="sv"><lang/>
|
||
<w>smak</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>smell</q>, <q>taste</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="gmh"><lang/>
|
||
<w>smacken</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
|
||
<w>schmecken</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>feel the smell</q>, <q>smell</q></gloss>, <gloss><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">over time</note>
|
||
<q>try</q>, <q>taste</q></gloss></mentioned>. The meanings <q>taste</q> ||
|
||
<q>smell</q> are intertwined, cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ad" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
|
||
<w>ad</w>
|
||
<q>taste</q></ref> and <mentioned xml:lang="la"><lang/>
|
||
<w>odor</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>smell</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
|
||
<w>flavour</w></mentioned>. The semantic pejoration (<q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">smell</q> → <q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">stink</q>) — as in <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
|
||
<w>vonʼ</w></mentioned> and <mentioned xml:lang="orv"><lang/>
|
||
<w>vonʼ</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>fragrance</q>, <q>scent</q></gloss></mentioned>. Slavic words are hardly
|
||
brought closer with <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
|
||
<w>σμ<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221013T173957+0300" comment="не те диакритики"?>ὖ<?oxy_comment_end ?>χω</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>I burn it with slow fire</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="en"><lang/>
|
||
<w>smoke</w> etc. <note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Vasmer._REW"/>
|
||
<biblScope>s.v.</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, contrary to the difference
|
||
of the root vowels. Germanic words are also not analyzed in Germanic languages, and
|
||
involving <mentioned xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
|
||
<w>smagùs</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>cheerful</q>, <q>joyful</q>, <q>pleasant</q></gloss></mentioned> and its
|
||
derivatives (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Kluge-Götze"/></bibl>, <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Falk-Torp"/></bibl>) leads clearly to another semantic field.
|
||
<mentioned xml:lang="hu"><lang/>
|
||
<w>szag</w>
|
||
<gloss><q>smell</q></gloss></mentioned> also goes from Alan with a regular loss of the
|
||
labial before <c>sz</c>, as in <mentioned xml:lang="hu"><w>szabad</w>
|
||
<note type="comment">from <w type="rec">szvabad</w></note>
|
||
<gloss><q>freedom</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="hu"><w>szent</w>
|
||
<note type="comment">from <w type="rec">szvent</w></note>
|
||
<gloss><q>holy</q></gloss></mentioned>.<lb/><bibl>Ws. <author>Miller</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">OE</ref>
|
||
<biblScope>II 81</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_АВСв."/>
|
||
<biblScope>533</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
||
</entry>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</text>
|
||
</TEI> |