abaev-xml/entries/abaev_stīǧyn.xml
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
<teiHeader>
<fileDesc>
<titleStmt>
<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">stīǧyn</hi></title>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc>
<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т. <biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. AKʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">????</biblScope>.</bibl>
</sourceDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
<tagsDecl>
<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "" "";</rendition>
<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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<text>
<body>
<entry xml:id="entry_stīǧyn" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="incomplete">
<form xml:id="form_d245e66" type="lemma" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><orth>stīǧyn</orth><form type="participle"><orth>styǧd</orth></form></form>
<form xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>(æ)stʼeǧun</orth><form type="participle"><orth>(æ)stʼiǧd</orth></form></form>
<sense n="1">
<sense xml:id="sense_d245e69">
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>сдирать, снимать шкуру</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>flay</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>свежевать</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>skin</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>счищать кожуру (плодов, овощей)</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>peel (fruits, vegetables)</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
</sense>
<sense n="2">
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>грабить</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>rob</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
<re>
<form type="lemma"><orth>stīǧæg</orth></form>
<sense>
<sense>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">грабитель</q>
</tr>
<tr xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">robber</q>
</tr>
</sense>
<sense>
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
<q>разбойник</q>
</abv:tr>
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
<q>bandit</q>
</abv:tr>
</sense>
</sense>
</re>
</sense>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" n="1">
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">īw bon cwany acyd, amardta īw sag, art
yskodta, jæ sag <oRef>bastyǧta</oRef>, yswængtæ jæ kodta, saræzta ʒy fīzonæg</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">однажды он пошел на охоту, убил одного оленя,
развел костер, освежевал своего оленя, разделал его на части, сделал из него
шашлык</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">one day he went hunting, killed one deer, lit a
fire, skinned his deer, cut it into pieces, made a barbecue out of it</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
<biblScope>136</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sag nyn x˳ycaw īwmæ radda, racū ʽmæ jæ
<oRef>bastīǧæm</oRef>... Sag <oRef>bastyǧtoj</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">оленя бог дал нам вместе, подойди, и мы его
освежуем... Оленя они освежевали</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">God gave us a deer together, come and we will
skin it... They skinned the deer</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
<biblScope>37</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Wyryzmæg argævdy ʒūggæs cæw,
<oRef>lalymystyǧd</oRef> æj bakæny</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Урузмаг режет козла-вожака, сдирает с него
шкуру (в виде) бурдюка</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Uruzmæg cuts the alpha goat, cuts off its skin
in the form of a wineskin</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭп."/>
<biblScope>42</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">nyvond argævdync, <oRef>bastīǧync</oRef>
æj</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">жертвенное животное закалывают, свежуют</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the sacrificial animal is slaughtered,
skinned</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Munk."/>
<biblScope>206</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">gal bastyǧd ī, æmæ kard jæ kʼæʒīlyl
asastī</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">с быка снимали шкуру, и нож сломался на его
хвосте (когда дошли до хвоста)</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">the bull was skinned, and the knife broke on
his tail (when they reached the tail)</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><biblScope xml:lang="ru">пословица о неудаче,
постигающей под самый конец</biblScope><biblScope xml:lang="en">the proverb about
failure that happens at the very end</biblScope></bibl>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
<biblScope>III 205</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">zæǧ læppūtæn, æmæ wærtæ ūcy dywwæ zærondæn sæ
carm k˳yd <oRef>rastīǧoj</oRef> aftæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">скажи парням, чтобы вон с тех двух стариков
сняли шкуру (высекли)</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">tell the guys to take the skin off (flog) those
two old men</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сека"/>
<biblScope>23</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">dywwadæsæj <oRef>stīǧyn</oRef> bajdydtoj
rūvasʒarm</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">все двенадцать (человек) стали сдирать лисью
шкуру</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">all twelve (people) began to rip off the fox
skin</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Аргъ."/>
<biblScope>140</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">acy ḱyzg jæ mady <oRef>cærmystyǧd</oRef>
bakodta</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">эта девушка—копия своей матерй (<q>сняла шкуру
со своей матерй</q>)</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">this girl is a copy of her mother (<q>took skin
off her mother</q>)</q>
</tr>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">sæ kærdtæ slastoj æmæ fætk˳ytæn sæ cʼærttæ
<oRef>bastyǧtoj</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">они достали свои ножи и сняли с яблок
кожуру</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">they took out their knives and peeled the
apples</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ИАА"/>
<biblScope>III 247</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example xml:lang="os-x-digor">
<usg xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><lang/></usg>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ævdæjmag (beræǧi) kud æstʼiǧta...</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">когда он снимал шкуру с седьмого (волка)...</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">when he was skinning the seventh (wolf)...</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/>
<biblScope>II 88</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" n="2">
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">ūj wydī styr yzmæst ræstæg; ævzærgænǵytæ
bonygon zyldysty wyngty, mardtoj, <oRef>styǧtoj</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">то было очень смутное время; бандиты среди дня
бродили по улицам, убивали, грабили</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">it was a very troubled time; bandits roamed the
streets in the middle of the day, killed, robbed</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Arsen"/>
<biblScope>111</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Sawgudi ma æfsonæn kodta xæʒary k˳ystytæ; jæ
æcæg k˳yst ta yssī davyn, <oRef>stīǧyn</oRef></quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Саугуди для отвода глаз занимался еще домашними
работами; его настоящей работой стало красть, грабить</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">Saugudi was also doing housework to cover up;
his real job was stealing, robbing</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Arsen"/>
<biblScope>21</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
<example>
<quote xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">cyma <oRef>stīǧægmæ</oRef> ūjaw mæm
racydystūt æd kærdtæ ʽmæ qīltæ mæn axsymnæ</quote>
<tr xml:lang="ru">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">как будто на разбойника вышли вы с мечами и
кольями, чтобы взять меня</q>
</tr>
<tr xml:lang="en">
<q xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0">be ye come out, as against a thief, with swords
and staves?</q>
</tr>
<bibl xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0"><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Лука"/>
<biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">22</hi> 52</biblScope></bibl>
</example>
</exampleGrp>
<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
<w type="rec">(s)taig-</w>, <w type="rec">(s)tig-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
<w type="rec">(s)teig-</w>, <w type="rec">(s)tig-</w></mentioned>. Исходное значение
<q>колоть, надрезать, взрезать острым оружием</q> хорошо сохранили греческий и
германские языки: <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
<w>στίζω</w>
<gloss><q>покрывать порезами или уколами</q>, <q>татуировать</q></gloss>, <w>στίγμα</w>
<gloss><q>наколотая метка, надрез на коже</q></gloss>, <gloss><note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(в евангелии)</note>
<q>рана</q>, <q>язва</q></gloss>, <w>στίγμος</w>
<gloss><q>укол</q>, <q>колотая рана</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="osx"><lang/>
<w>stekan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
<w>stehhan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
<w>stechen</w>
<gloss><q>колоть</q>, <q>резать (скот)</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
<w>Stich</w>
<gloss><q>укол</q>, <q>гравировка</q>, <q>стежок</q></gloss>, <w>Stichel</w>
<gloss><q>резец</q>, <q>штихель</q></gloss></mentioned>. С несколько иным развитием
значения сюда же <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>стегать</w>, <w>стежок</w></mentioned>. На иранской почве ср. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>sitēx</w> в <w>sitēx-gūš</w>
<gloss><q>с проколотыми ушами</q></gloss>, <w>sitēɣ</w>
<gloss><q>вершина горы</q>, <q>пик</q></gloss>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">[<w>sitēɣ</w> и <w>sitēx</w>— варианты одного слова:
<bibl><author>Horn</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_GIPh."/>
<biblScope>I <hi rendition="#rend_italic">2</hi> 66</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>stig-</w>
<gloss><q>(колющий) удар</q>, <q>взрезание</q>, <q>вспарывание</q></gloss>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">[<bibl><biblScope>Yt 10.
<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221107T213046+0300" comment="не понимаю, что это куда зачем"?>71<?oxy_comment_end ?></biblScope></bibl>:
<phr><w>stiǰa</w>
<w>niǰainti</w>
<w>hamərəθə̄</w></phr>
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">(кабан) ударом (клыка) поражает
противников</q></gloss>; значение <gloss><q>Kampf</q></gloss>, которое дано в
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/></bibl>, плохо подходит к ситуации:
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch._Mithra"/>
<biblScope>220 сл.</biblScope></bibl>]</note></mentioned>. Может быть, также
<mentioned xml:lang="xbc"><lang/>
<w>στιγηιο</w>
<gloss><q>he should tear off</q></gloss>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Gershevitch</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_IF">IF 72</ref>
<biblScope>стр. 50</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Без начального <c>s-</c>
основа <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>tig-</w></mentioned> распознается в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tīǧ" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
<w>tīǧ</w>
<q>острый край, выступ</q></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cyrǧ"><w>cyrǧ</w>
<note xml:lang="ru" type="comment">(из <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>tig-ra</w></mentioned>)</note>
<q>острый</q></ref>; см. эти слова.<note xml:lang="ru" type="footnote"><bibl><author>Миллер</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
<biblScope>60</biblScope>)</bibl> и <bibl><author>Benveniste</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._Etudes">Etudes</ref>
<biblScope>94</biblScope>)</bibl> ошибочно рассматривают начальный <c>s-</c> в <oRef/>
как преверб.</note> Дальше по значению стоят <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tīǧyn" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
<w>tīǧyn</w>
<q>просеивать</q></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rætīǧyn" xml:lang="os"><w>rætīǧyn</w>
<q>толкать</q></ref>.<lb/><bibl><author>Petersson</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_LUÅ"/>
<date>1920</date>
<biblScope>XVI 37, 64</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
<etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
<w type="rec">(s)taig-</w>, <w type="rec">(s)tig-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ine"><lang/>
<w type="rec">(s)teig-</w>, <w type="rec">(s)tig-</w></mentioned>. The initial meaning
<q>prick, incise, cut with a sharp weapon</q> is well conserved in Greek and German
languages: <mentioned xml:lang="grc"><lang/>
<w>στίζω</w>
<gloss><q><?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230213T130528+0300" comment="?"?>cover
<?oxy_comment_end ?>with cuts or injections</q>, <q>tattoo</q></gloss>, <w>στίγμα</w>
<gloss><q>impaled mark, incision on the skin</q></gloss>, <gloss><note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(in the
Gospel)</note>
<q>wound</q>, <q>ucler</q></gloss>, <w>στίγμος</w>
<gloss><q>puncture</q>, <q>stab wound</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="osx"><lang/>
<w>stekan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="goh"><lang/>
<w>stehhan</w></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
<w>stechen</w>
<gloss><q>stab</q>, <q>slaughter (cattle)</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="de"><lang/>
<w>Stich</w>
<gloss><q>puncture</q>, <q>engraving</q>, <q>stitch</q></gloss>, <w>Stichel</w>
<gloss><q>cutter</q>, <q>stichel</q></gloss></mentioned>. The following words represent
some other development of the meaning <mentioned xml:lang="ru"><lang/>
<w>stegatʼ</w>, <w>stezhok</w></mentioned>. In Iranoan languages cf. <mentioned xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
<w>sitēx</w> in <w>sitēx-gūš</w>
<gloss><q>with pierced ears</q></gloss>, <w>sitēɣ</w>
<gloss><q>mountain edge</q>, <q>peak</q></gloss>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">[<w>sitēɣ</w> and <w>sitēx</w> are the variants of one
word: <bibl><author>Horn</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_GIPh."/>
<biblScope>I <hi rendition="#rend_italic">2</hi>
66</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
<w>stig-</w>
<gloss><q>(stabbing) attack</q>, <q>incision</q>, <q>ripping</q></gloss>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">[<bibl><biblScope>Yt 10.
<?oxy_comment_start author="julie" timestamp="20221107T213046+0300" comment="не понимаю, что это куда зачем"?>71<?oxy_comment_end ?></biblScope></bibl>:
<phr><w>stiǰa</w>
<w>niǰainti</w>
<w>hamərəθə̄</w></phr>
<gloss><q rendition="#rend_singlequotes">(boar) attacks opponents (with the
fang)</q></gloss>; the meaning <gloss><q>Kampf</q></gloss>, which is attested in
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_AiW"/></bibl>, does not match the situation:
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gershevitch._Mithra"/>
<biblScope>220 ff.</biblScope></bibl>]</note></mentioned>. May be, also <mentioned xml:lang="xbc"><lang/>
<w>στιγηιο</w>
<gloss><q>he should tear off</q></gloss>
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><author>Gershevitch</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_IF">IF 72</ref>
<biblScope>p. 50</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Without the initial
<c>s-</c> the stem <mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>tig-</w></mentioned> is sttested in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_tīǧ" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
<w>tīǧ</w>
<q>sharp edge, protrusion</q></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cyrǧ"><w>cyrǧ</w>
<note xml:lang="en" type="comment">(from
<mentioned xml:lang="ira"><w>tig-ra</w></mentioned>)</note>
<q>sharp</q></ref>; see these words.<note type="footnote"><bibl><author>Miller</author>
(<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
<biblScope>60</biblScope>)</bibl> and <bibl><author>Benveniste</author> (<ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Benveniste._Etudes">Etudes</ref>
<biblScope>94</biblScope>)</bibl> mistakenly consider the initial <c>s-</c> in <oRef/>
as a preverb.</note>
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_tīǧyn" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
<w>tīǧyn</w>
<q>sieve</q></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_rætīǧyn" xml:lang="os"><w>rætīǧyn</w>
<q>push</q></ref>
<?oxy_comment_start author="jvsin" timestamp="20230213T132115+0300" comment="???"?>are
further by its meaning<?oxy_comment_end ?>.<lb/><bibl><author>Petersson</author>, <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_LUÅ"/>
<date>1920</date>
<biblScope>XVI 37, 64</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
</entry>
</body>
</text>
</TEI>