224 lines
16 KiB
XML
224 lines
16 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <w>ælǧ</w></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "<gloss><q>" "</q></gloss>";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_ælǧ" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="complete">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240206T121614+0300" comment="checked"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d3219e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>ælǧ</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<form xml:id="form_d3219e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ælgæ</orth>
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<form xml:id="form_d3219e71" type="variant"><orth>ilǧæ</orth></form></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3219e74">
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3219e75">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>отвращение</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>disgust</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3219e84">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>гадливость</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>loathing</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ælǧæd"><w>ælǧæd</w>
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<gloss><q>пресыщение</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>отвращение к пище в результате
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пресыщения</q></gloss></ref></note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ælǧæd"><w>ælǧæd</w>
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<gloss><q>satiety</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>disgust for food as a result of
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satiety</q></gloss></ref></note>
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<re xml:id="re_d3219e175">
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<form xml:id="form_d3219e177" type="lemma"><orth><oRef>mæstælǧædæj</oRef>
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fæcær</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3219e180">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">живи, пресыщенный горем</q>
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<note type="comment"> (бранное выражение)</note>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">live overfilled with grief</q>
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<note type="comment"> (expression of abuse)</note>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">. Вероятно, сюда же <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ælǧīn"><w>ælǧin</w>
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<gloss><q>скупой</q></gloss></ref></note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">; <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ælǧīn"><w>ælǧin</w>
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<gloss><q>stingy</q></gloss></ref> is probably also related</note>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d3219e193">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d3219e214" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>kæd an mægūr, wæddær ilǧæj alkæmæ kæsæn</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>хоть мы и бедны, но мы с брезгливостью смотрим на всех</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>although we are poor, we look at everyone with disgust</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Æduli"/>
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<biblScope>97</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<re xml:id="re_d3219e110">
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<form xml:id="form_d3219e112" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>ælǧag</orth></form>
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<form xml:id="form_d3219e115" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ilǧag</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3219e118">
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3219e119">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>отвратный</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>disgusting</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3219e128">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>противный</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>nasty</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3219e137">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>мерзкий</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>vile</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<abv:example xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:id="example_d3219e236" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>(eci) ǧæwungæj cʼumurdær æma <oRef>ilǧagdær</oRef> Ʒæwægiǧæwi n’
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adtæj ǧæwungæ</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>грязнее и противнее той улицы не было в Дзауагигау</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>there was no dirtier and nastier street in Dzæwægighæw</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MD"/>
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<biblScope>1949 II 43</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:id="example_d3219e258" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote><oRef>ilǧag</oRef> sæ nægæ, sæ xodun</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>отвратителен их шум, их смех</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>their noise, their laughter is disgusting</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Gurdž._Saxi_ræs."/>
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<biblScope>47</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</exampleGrp>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d3219e94">
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<form xml:id="form_d3219e96" type="lemma"><orth>ælǧ kænyn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d3219e99">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>чувствовать отвращение</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>to feel disgust</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<abv:example xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:id="example_d3219e195">
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<quote>zūlk wallonyl <oRef>ælǧ kodta</oRef></quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>червяк чувствовал отвращение к дождевому червю</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>the worm was disgusted with the earthworm</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>III 234</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</exampleGrp>
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</re>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3219e343" xml:id="mentioned_d3219e283" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">argh-</w></mentioned>; ср. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3219e348" xml:id="mentioned_d3219e288" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>ərəɣant-</w>
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<gloss><q>мерзкий</q></gloss>
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<note type="comment">(эпитет, применяемый к преисподней и к вредным
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насекомым)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3219e356" xml:id="mentioned_d3219e296" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>arǧand</w>
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<gloss><q>алчный</q></gloss>
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<note type="comment">(для семантики ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ælǧīn" xml:lang="os"><lang/>
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<w>ælǧīn</w>
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<gloss><q>скупой</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>алчный</q></gloss></ref>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3219e366" xml:id="mentioned_d3219e306" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">arɣant</w> (<w>ʼrɣʼnt</w>)
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<gloss><q>гнусный</q></gloss></mentioned>. Рассматриваемый иранский корень
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имеет все признаки глагольного: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ælǧæd" xml:lang="os"><lang xml:lang="os"/>
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<w>ælǧæd</w>
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<gloss><q>пресыщение</q></gloss></ref> по виду — причастие прош. времени, а
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3219e348" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>ərəɣant-</w> — <gloss>причастие наст. времени от корня <mentioned xml:lang="x-oldirn"><w type="rec">argh-</w></mentioned></gloss></mentioned>. Связь с <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3219e375" xml:id="mentioned_d3219e315" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>glā-</w>, <w>glāyati</w>
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<gloss><q>чувствовать отвращение</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>выбиться из
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сил</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl>Вс. <author>Миллер</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">ОЭ</ref>
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<biblScope>III 143</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> кажется
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нам мало вероятной ввиду изолированного положения этого древнеиндийского
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глагола.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Asica"/>
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<biblScope>4–5</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">Goes back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3219e283" xml:id="mentioned_d3219e343" xml:lang="x-oldirn"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">argh-</w></mentioned>; cf. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3219e288" xml:id="mentioned_d3219e348" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>ərəɣant-</w>
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<gloss><q>vile</q></gloss>
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<note type="comment">(epithet applied to the underworld and to harmful
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insects)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3219e296" xml:id="mentioned_d3219e356" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>arǧand</w>
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<gloss><q>stingy</q></gloss>
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<note type="comment">(for semantics cf. Ossetic <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ælǧīn"><w>ælǧīn</w>
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<gloss><q>stingy</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>greedy</q></gloss></ref>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3219e306" xml:id="mentioned_d3219e366" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w type="rec">arɣant</w> (<w>ʼrɣʼnt</w>)
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<gloss><q><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240206T121408+0300" comment="Abaev has гнусный (hideous), but Sogdian dictionaries I consulted say the word means "greedy""?>greedy<?oxy_comment_end ?></q></gloss></mentioned>.
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The Iranian root in question has all the features of a verbal one: <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ælǧæd" xml:lang="os"><lang xml:lang="os"/>
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<w>ælǧæd</w>
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<gloss><q>satiety</q></gloss></ref> is a past participle in form, and
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3219e348" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>ərəɣant-</w> is <gloss>a present participle from the root <mentioned xml:lang="x-oldirn"><w type="rec">argh-</w></mentioned></gloss></mentioned>. A relationship to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d3219e315" xml:id="mentioned_d3219e375" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>glā-</w>, <w>glāyati</w>
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<gloss><q>to feel disgust</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>to be exhausted</q></gloss>
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl>Ws. <author>Miller</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">OÈ</ref>
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<biblScope>III 143</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned> seems
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implausible due to the isolated position of this ancient Old Indic
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verb.<lb/><bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Bailey._Asica"/>
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<biblScope>4–5</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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