586 lines
46 KiB
XML
586 lines
46 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">arm</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_arm" xml:lang="os" abv:completeness="complete">
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<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240104T000836+0300" comment="checked"?>
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<form xml:id="form_d2060e66" xml:lang="os-x-iron" type="lemma"><orth>arm</orth></form><?oxy_comment_end ?>
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<form xml:id="form_d2060e69" xml:lang="os-x-digor" type="dialectal"><orth>ar(m)</orth></form>
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<sense n="1" xml:id="sense_arm.1">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>рука</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>hand</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense n="2" xml:id="sense_arm.2">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>оглобля</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>thill, shaft</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">; ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼūx"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cong"/>
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<gloss>id</gloss>.</note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">; cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼūx"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cong"/>
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<gloss>id</gloss>.</note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> В дигорском мало употребительно (ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ar" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>ar</w>
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<gloss><q>оглобля</q></gloss></ref>); в иронском в самостоятельном
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употреблении также встречается реже, чем <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼūx"/>,
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но в сложных словах, пословицах, речениях, идиоматических выражениях преобладает
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<oRef/> (совершенно так же, как в аналогичных случаях <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fad"/> преобладает над <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼax"><w>kʼax</w>
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<gloss><q>нога</q></gloss></ref>, а <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kom"/> —
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над <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒyx"><w>ʒyx</w>
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<gloss><q>рот</q></gloss></ref>): ср. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærxūd" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
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<w>ærxūd</w> (из <w>ærm-xūd</w>) <gloss><q>перчатка</q> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">шапка руки</q>)</gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærmkʼūx"><w>ærmkʼūx</w>
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<gloss>id.</gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æmʒæǧd" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
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<w>æmʒæǧd</w> (из <w>ærm-ʒæǧd</w>) <gloss><q>отбивание такта при
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танце</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærʒæf" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>ærʒæf</w> (из <w>ærmʒæf</w>) <gloss>id.</gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævdasarm" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
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<w>ævdasarm</w>
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<gloss><q>передняя ляжка животного</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼoxar" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>kʼoxar</w>
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<gloss><q>весло</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dælarm" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
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<w>dælarm</w>
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<gloss><q>под мышкой</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærmæftaw"><w>ærmæftaw</w>
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<gloss><q>мешочек</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>переметная сума</q> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">накинутая на руку,
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плечо</q>)</gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ælmærīn" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
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<w>ælmærin</w>
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<gloss><q>локоть (мера)</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræmbyn"><w>ræmbyn</w> (из <w>ærmbyn</w>)
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<gloss><q>локоть</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærmg0yroj" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
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<w>ærmg˳yroj</w>
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<gloss><q>ручная мельница</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærmæg"><w>ærmæg</w>
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<gloss><q>материал</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærmæǵy"><w>ærmæǵy</w>
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<gloss><q>наличными</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ældar"><w>ældar</w> (← <w>ærm-dar</w>) <gloss><q>владетель</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>князь</q></gloss></ref>; </note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en"> Rarely used in Digor (cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ar" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>ar</w>
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<gloss><q>thill, shaft</q></gloss></ref>); in Iron it is also less frequent
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than <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼūx"/> in independent usage, but in
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compounds, proverbs, sayings, idiomatic expressions it is <oRef/> that is
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dominant (exactly like <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fad"/> in analogous cases
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is predominant over <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼax"><w>kʼax</w>
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<gloss><q>foot</q></gloss></ref>, and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kom"/>,
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over <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒyx"><w>ʒyx</w>
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<gloss><q>mouth</q></gloss></ref>): cf. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærxūd" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
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<w>ærxūd</w> (from <w>ærm-xūd</w>) <gloss><q>glove</q> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">hat of a hand</q>)</gloss></ref>,
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærmkʼūx"><w>ærmkʼūx</w>
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<gloss>id.</gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_æmʒæǧd" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
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<w>æmʒæǧd</w> (from <w>ærm-ʒæǧd</w>) <gloss><q>striking the rhythm during a
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dance</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærʒæf" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>ærʒæf</w> (from <w>ærmʒæf</w>) <gloss>id.</gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ævdasarm" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
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<w>ævdasarm</w>
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<gloss><q><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240103T234251+0300" comment="clarify anatomical terms"?>front
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thigh <?oxy_comment_end ?>of an animal</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼoxar" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>kʼoxar</w>
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<gloss><q>oar</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dælarm" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
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<w>dælarm</w>
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<gloss><q>under the arm</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærmæftaw"><w>ærmæftaw</w>
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<gloss><q>pouch</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240103T234545+0300" comment=""перемётная сума" in Russian normally refers to a saddle bag, but here it is clearly meant to refer to a bag that is carried over the shoulder"?>sling
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bag<?oxy_comment_end ?></q> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">put
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over the arm, sholder</q>)</gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ælmærīn" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
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<w>ælmærin</w>
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<gloss><q>cubit</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræmbyn"><w>ræmbyn</w> (from <w>ærmbyn</w>) <gloss><q>elbow</q></gloss></ref>,
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<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærmg0yroj" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><lang/>
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<w>ærmg˳yroj</w>
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<gloss><q>hand mill</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærmæg"><w>ærmæg</w>
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<gloss><q>material</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærmæǵy"><w>ærmæǵy</w>
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<gloss><q>in cash</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ældar"><w>ældar</w> (← <w>ærm-dar</w>) <gloss><q>ruler</q></gloss>,
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<gloss><q>prince</q></gloss></ref>; </note>
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<re xml:id="re_d2060e92">
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<re xml:id="re_d2060e217" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<form xml:id="form_d2060e221" type="lemma"><lang/>
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<orth>cavdar</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2060e224">
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<def xml:lang="ru">id.</def>
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<def xml:lang="en">id.</def>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">(← <hi rendition="#rend_italic">cavd-arm</hi>) </note>
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<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">(← <hi rendition="#rend_italic">cavd-arm</hi>) </note>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d2060e253">
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<form xml:id="form_d2060e255" type="lemma"><orth>armyʒag</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2060e258">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>горсть</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>handful</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d2060e269" xml:lang="os-x-iron">
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<form xml:id="form_d2060e273" type="lemma"><lang/>
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<orth>ʒagarm</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2060e276">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>с полными руками</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>with full hands</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d2060e288" xml:lang="os-x-iron">
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<form xml:id="form_d2060e292" type="lemma"><lang/>
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<orth>armytʼæpæn</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2060e295">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>ладонь</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>palm of hand</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<exampleGrp xmlns="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict">
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<abv:example xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:id="example_d2060e817">
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<quote>kæd dæ <oRef>army tʼæpænæj</oRef> æxsyr cæwa, wæd ūj zon, æz
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ūdægas dæn; kæd dæ <oRef>army tʼæpænæj</oRef> tūg ysqara, wæd ūj
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zon, ūdægas nal dæn</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>если из твоей ладони будет идти молоко, то знай, что я жив;
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если из твоей ладони выступит кровь, то знай, что меня уже
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нет в живых</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>if milk comes out of your palm, then know that I am alive; if
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blood comes out of your palm, then know that I am no longer
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alive</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
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<biblScope>III 16</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</exampleGrp>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d2060e324" xml:lang="os-x-iron">
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<form xml:id="form_d2060e328" type="lemma"><lang/>
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<orth>æmarmæj</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2060e331">
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2060e332">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>дружно</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>together</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2060e341">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>разом</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>at the same time</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d2060e497" xml:lang="os-x-iron">
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<form xml:id="form_d2060e501" type="lemma"><lang/>
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<orth>ærmaræxst</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2060e504">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>искусный</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>skilled</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d2060e515" xml:lang="os-x-iron">
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<form xml:id="form_d2060e519" type="lemma"><lang/>
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<orth>ærmax˳yr</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d2060e522">
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>прирученный</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>tamed</q>
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</abv:tr>
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</sense>
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</re>
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<re xml:id="re_d2060e534" xml:lang="os-x-iron">
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<form xml:id="form_d2060e538" type="lemma"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<orth>ærmærmi</orth></form>
|
|||
|
|
<sense xml:id="sense_d2060e541">
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q>с рук на руки</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q>from hand to hand</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
</sense>
|
|||
|
|
</re>
|
|||
|
|
<re xml:id="re_d2060e552" xml:lang="os-x-iron">
|
|||
|
|
<form xml:id="form_d2060e556" type="lemma"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<orth><oRef>armæj</oRef> qazyn</orth></form>
|
|||
|
|
<sense xml:id="sense_d2060e559">
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q>баловаться руками</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q>to do smth. with hands</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
</sense>
|
|||
|
|
</re>
|
|||
|
|
<re xml:id="re_d2060e570" xml:lang="os-x-iron">
|
|||
|
|
<form xml:id="form_d2060e574" type="lemma"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<orth><oRef>armæj</oRef> ævnalyn</orth></form>
|
|||
|
|
<sense xml:id="sense_d2060e577">
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q>трогать руками</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q>to touch with hands</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
</sense>
|
|||
|
|
</re>
|
|||
|
|
<re xml:id="re_d2060e588" xml:lang="os-x-iron">
|
|||
|
|
<form xml:id="form_d2060e592" type="lemma"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<orth><oRef>armaccagæj</oRef> cævyn</orth></form>
|
|||
|
|
<sense xml:id="sense_d2060e595">
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q>бить передними ногами (о лошади)</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q>to beat with front legs (of a horse)</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
</sense>
|
|||
|
|
</re>
|
|||
|
|
<re xml:id="re_d2060e606" xml:lang="os-x-iron">
|
|||
|
|
<form xml:id="form_d2060e610" type="lemma"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<orth><oRef>ærmydūltæ</oRef> kænyn</orth></form>
|
|||
|
|
<sense xml:id="sense_d2060e613">
|
|||
|
|
<sense xml:id="sense_d2060e614">
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q>мять в руках</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q>to crumple</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
</sense>
|
|||
|
|
<sense xml:id="sense_d2060e623">
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q>уродовать</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q>to disfigure</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
</sense>
|
|||
|
|
</sense>
|
|||
|
|
</re>
|
|||
|
|
<re xml:id="re_d2060e634" xml:lang="os-x-iron">
|
|||
|
|
<form xml:id="form_d2060e638" type="lemma"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<orth>mæ <oRef>army</oRef> nīcy īs</orth></form>
|
|||
|
|
<sense xml:id="sense_d2060e641">
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q>не располагаю средствами</q>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">ничего нет в руке</q>)</note>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q>I do not have
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240103T235321+0300" comment="any funds?"?>the
|
|||
|
|
funds<?oxy_comment_end ?></q>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment"> (<q rendition="#rend_doublequotes">there is
|
|||
|
|
nothing in my hand</q>)</note>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
</sense>
|
|||
|
|
</re>
|
|||
|
|
<re xml:id="re_d2060e653" xml:lang="os-x-iron">
|
|||
|
|
<form xml:id="form_d2060e657" type="lemma"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<orth><oRef>army</oRef> cæwy, wærmy næ</orth></form>
|
|||
|
|
<sense xml:id="sense_d2060e660">
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q>в горсть вмещается, а в яму нет</q>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment"> (загадка: шелковый платок)</note>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q>it fits in a handful, but not in a pit</q>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment"> (a riddle: silk handkerchief)</note>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
</sense>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">. Such words as <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dælarm" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><w>dælarm</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>under the arm</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræmbyn"><w>ræmbyn</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>elbow</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ælmærīn" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><w>ælmærin</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>cubit</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærmæftaw"><w>ærmæftaw</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q><?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240103T234545+0300" comment=""перемётная сума" in Russian normally refers to a saddle bag, but here it is clearly meant to refer to a bag that is carried over the shoulder"?>sling
|
|||
|
|
bag<?oxy_comment_end ?></q></gloss></ref>, indicate that
|
|||
|
|
<oRef/> meant not only <gloss><q>hand</q></gloss> (see <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сл."/></bibl>), but the whole
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>arm and hand</q></gloss>; cf. also <mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2060e717" xml:lang="os"><w>ærddæ</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>hands</q></gloss></mentioned> in <hi rendition="#rend_smallcaps">Jalguzidze</hi> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Матфей"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">27</hi>
|
|||
|
|
24</biblScope></bibl>). The same word was used in the sense
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>shaft</q></gloss>, as seen in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ar" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ar</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>shaft</q></gloss></ref>, and also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ardwan"><w>ardwan</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>rasp</q></gloss></ref> and <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærmbos"><w>ærmbos</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>tug</q></gloss></ref></note>
|
|||
|
|
</re>
|
|||
|
|
</re>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">. Такие слова, как <ref type="xr" target="#entry_dælarm" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><w>dælarm</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>под мышкой</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ræmbyn"><w>ræmbyn</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>локоть</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ælmærīn" xml:lang="os-x-iron"><w>ælmærin</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>локоть (мера)</q></gloss></ref>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærmæftaw"><w>ærmæftaw</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>переметная сумка</q></gloss></ref>, указывают, что <oRef/> значило
|
|||
|
|
не только
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240103T232526+0300" comment="NB: в современном языке у некоторых носителей так же"?><gloss><q>кисть</q></gloss><?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
|||
|
|
(см. <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Сл."/></bibl>), но вся
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>рука</q></gloss>; ср. также у <name>Ялгузидзе</name>
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned xml:id="mentioned_d2060e684" xml:lang="os"><w>ærddæ</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>руки</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Матфей"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope><hi rendition="#rend_italic">27</hi>
|
|||
|
|
24</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>. Это же слово
|
|||
|
|
употреблялось в значении <gloss><q>оглобля</q></gloss>, как то свидетельствует
|
|||
|
|
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_ar" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ar</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>оглобля</q></gloss></ref>, а также <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ardwan"><w>ardwan</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>рашпиль</q></gloss></ref> и <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ærmbos"><w>ærmbos</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>гужовка</q></gloss></ref></note>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d2060e739" n="1">
|
|||
|
|
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2060e741">
|
|||
|
|
<quote>mæ fosæn
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240103T235840+0300" comment="NB: clitic doubling?"?>syn<?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
|||
|
|
dardton mæxī <oRef>armæj</oRef> cæxx</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q>моему скоту (предназначенному для калыма) я давал соль из собственной
|
|||
|
|
руки</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q>to my cattle (intended for the bride price) I gave salt with my own
|
|||
|
|
hand</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>60</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:example>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2060e760">
|
|||
|
|
<quote>ḱynʒ je <oRef>’r(m)ttæ</oRef> nyccaǧta</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q>невестка всплеснула руками</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q>the daughter-in-law threw up her hands</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ЮОПам."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>I 102</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:example>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2060e779">
|
|||
|
|
<quote>pysyratæ je <oRef>’rtty</oRef> awwærsta</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q>он растер в руках крапиву</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q>he rubbed the nettles in his hands</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1957 III 26</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:example>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2060e798">
|
|||
|
|
<quote>īw bon k˳y wa, wæd dæ aftīd <oRef>armæj</oRef> æmæ gom rīwæj
|
|||
|
|
rarvītʒæn</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q>в один день он выгонит тебя с пустыми руками и голой грудью</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q>one day he will
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240104T000013+0300" comment="literal translation"?>send<?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
|||
|
|
you out empty-handed and bare-chested</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Čerm."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>107</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:example>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2060e837" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote>sæ <oRef>armi</oRef> kū neci baftudæj…</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q>когда им ничего не досталось в руки…</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q>when nothing fell into their hands…</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_ОЭ"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>I 94</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:example>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2060e859" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote>m’ <oRef>armi</oRef> esti ku baftuja, wædta art nikkænʒinæn</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q>если раздобуду чего-нибудь, то разведу огонь</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q>if something falls into my hands, I will start a fire</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_MSt."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>10<hi rendition="#rend_subscript">13</hi></biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:example>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2060e881" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
|
|||
|
|
<usg><lang/></usg>
|
|||
|
|
<quote>baʒorun æ <oRef>armi</oRef> ne ’ftujuj</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q>позвать ей не удается (<q>не дается в руки</q>)</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q>she is unable to call (<q>calling does not fall into her
|
|||
|
|
hands</q>)</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Bes._Ka_ke"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>36</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:example>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:exampleGrp>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d2060e904" n="2">
|
|||
|
|
<abv:example xml:id="example_d2060e906">
|
|||
|
|
<quote>zærond ʒonyǧ wyd… je <oRef>’rttæn</oRef> ma se ʽrdǵytæ xawdæj
|
|||
|
|
læwwydysty zæxxyl, adæjmaǵy cænk˳yl kʼūxtaw</quote>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
|
|||
|
|
<q>сани были старые … только половинки оглобель лежали еще упавшие на
|
|||
|
|
земле подобно обрубленным рукам человека</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
|
|||
|
|
<q>the sled was old … only the halves of the shaft lay still on the
|
|||
|
|
ground like the severed hands of a man</q>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:tr>
|
|||
|
|
<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_F."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>1957 I 8</biblScope></bibl>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:example>
|
|||
|
|
</abv:exampleGrp>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment" xml:lang="ru">; о значении <gloss><q>оглобля</q></gloss> см.
|
|||
|
|
также под <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ar" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><w>ar</w>
|
|||
|
|
<lang/></ref>.</note>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="comment" xml:lang="en">; see also <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ar" xml:lang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ar</w></ref> for the meaning <gloss><q>shaft</q></gloss></note>
|
|||
|
|
<etym xml:lang="ru">Как большинство анатомических терминов (см. <ref type="xr" target="#entry_aǧd"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cong"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fad"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zæng"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zonyg"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bazyg"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wæxsk"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_on"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kom"/> и др.), относится к старому иранскому фонду:
|
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<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e1111" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e940" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
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<w>arm</w>
|
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<note type="comment">(в литературе не
|
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|
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засвидетельствовано)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e1116" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e945" xml:lang="zza"><lang/>
|
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<w>ärmä</w>
|
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<gloss><q>плечо</q></gloss>
|
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KPF"/>
|
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|
|
<biblScope xml:lang="ru">Abt. III, Bd. IV, стр.
|
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|
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280</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e1129" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e958" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
|
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<w>yurm</w>
|
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<gloss><q>рука</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e1138" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e967" xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
|
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<w>yārmё</w></mentioned>
|
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/>
|
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|
|
<biblScope>II 59</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e1147" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e976" xml:lang="tly"><lang/>
|
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<w>ām</w>
|
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<gloss><q>плечо</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>предплечье</q></gloss></mentioned>,
|
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<mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e1161" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e990" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
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<w type="rec">arm</w> (<w>ʼrm</w>)</mentioned> в <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e1166" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e995" xml:lang="sog"><w>ʼpsʼrm</w>
|
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<gloss><q>имеющий связанные за спиной руки</q></gloss></mentioned>
|
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gramm._sogd."/>
|
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|
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<biblScope>II 90</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e1179" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e1008" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
|
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<w>er-</w>
|
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<gloss><q>рука</q></gloss>
|
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<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS"/>
|
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|
|
<biblScope>X 585</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e1191" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e1020" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
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|
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<w>arəma-</w>
|
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|
|
<gloss><q>рука</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e1199" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e1028" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>īrmá-</w>
|
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|
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<gloss><q>рука</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e1207" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e1036" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>armukn</w>
|
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|
|
<gloss><q>локоть</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e1216" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e1045" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
|
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<w n="0">рамо</w>
|
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<gloss><q>плечо</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e1224" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e1054" xml:lang="prg"><lang/>
|
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<w>irmo</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e1229" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e1059" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
|
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|
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<w>arms</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e1234" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e1064" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>Arm</w></mentioned>
|
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|
|
<gloss><q>рука</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e1242" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e1072" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>armus</w>
|
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|
<gloss><q>лопатка</q></gloss></mentioned>. В значении
|
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|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240103T233546+0300" comment="unable to connect this to the word due to structure"?><gloss><q>оглобля</q></gloss><?oxy_comment_end ?>
|
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|
|
— <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e1250" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e1080" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
|
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|
|
<w>armai</w></mentioned>. Для истории осетинского языка представляет
|
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|
|
интерес, что понятия <gloss><q>рука</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>нога</q></gloss>,
|
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|
|
<gloss><q>рот</q></gloss> имеют наряду с иранскими наименованиями (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">arm</hi>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fad"/>,
|
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|
|
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_kom"/>) параллельный ряд неиранских, идущих из
|
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|
|
кавказского субстрата (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼūx"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼax"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒyx"/>), причем
|
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|
|
последние в самостоятельном употреблении почти вытеснили первые, тогда как в
|
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|
|
старых сложных словах и сочетаниях встречаются почти исключительно первые
|
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|
|
(иранские).<lb/><bibl>Вс. <author>Миллер</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">ОЭ</ref>
|
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|
|
<biblScope>II 50</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>35</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>24</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>17, 78, 117, 154, 197</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
<etym xml:lang="en">Like most anatomical terms (see <ref type="xr" target="#entry_aǧd"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_cong"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fad"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zæng"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_zonyg"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_bazyg"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wæxsk"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_on"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kom"/> etc.), belongs to the old Iranian stock:
|
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|
|
<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e940" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e1111" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>arm</w>
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240104T000330+0300" comment="certain false at present"?><note type="comment">(not attested in the
|
|||
|
|
literature)</note><?oxy_comment_end ?></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e945" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e1116" xml:lang="zza"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ärmä</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>shoulder</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_KPF"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope xml:lang="en">Abt. III, Bd. IV, p.
|
|||
|
|
280</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e958" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e1129" xml:lang="wbl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>yurm</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>hand</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e967" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e1138" xml:lang="ydg"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>yārmё</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Morgenstierne._IIFL"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 59</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e976" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e1147" xml:lang="tly"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ām</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>shoulder</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>forearm</q></gloss></mentioned>,
|
|||
|
|
<mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e990" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e1161" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w type="rec">arm</w> (<w>ʼrm</w>)</mentioned> in <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e995" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e1166" xml:lang="sog"><w>ʼpsʼrm</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>with the hands tied behind</q></gloss></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Gramm._sogd."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 90</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e1008" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e1179" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>er-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>hand</q></gloss>
|
|||
|
|
<note type="bibl">(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSOS"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>X 585</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e1020" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e1191" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>arəma-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>hand</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e1028" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e1199" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>īrmá-</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>hand</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e1036" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e1207" xml:lang="xcl"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>armukn</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>elbow</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e1045" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e1216" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>ramo</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>shoulder</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e1054" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e1224" xml:lang="prg"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>irmo</w></mentioned>, <mentioned><mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e1059" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e1229" xml:lang="got"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>arms</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e1064" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e1234" xml:lang="de"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>Arm</w></mentioned>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>hand</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e1072" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e1242" xml:lang="la"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>armus</w>
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>shoulder-blade</q></gloss></mentioned>. See the meaning
|
|||
|
|
<?oxy_comment_start author="oleg" timestamp="20240103T233546+0300" comment="unable to connect this to the word due to structure"?><gloss><q>thill,
|
|||
|
|
shaft</q></gloss><?oxy_comment_end ?> in <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d2060e1080" xml:id="mentioned_d2060e1250" xml:lang="lt"><lang/>
|
|||
|
|
<w>armai</w></mentioned>. For the history of Ossetic, it is of interest that
|
|||
|
|
the concepts <gloss><q>hand</q></gloss>, <gloss><q>leg</q></gloss>,
|
|||
|
|
<gloss><q>mouth</q></gloss>, along with Iranian names (<hi rendition="#rend_italic">arm</hi>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_fad"/>,
|
|||
|
|
<ref type="xr" target="#entry_kom"/>) have a parallel set of non-Iranian
|
|||
|
|
terms coming from the Caucasian substratum (<ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼūx"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_kʼax"/>, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_ʒyx"/>), and in independent use, the latter words almost forced out the former,
|
|||
|
|
while in the old compound words and collocations the former (Iranian) words are
|
|||
|
|
still used almost exclusively.<lb/><bibl>Ws. <author>Miller</author>. <ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ">OÈ</ref>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>II 50</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr.">Gr.</ref>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>35</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Hübschmann._Oss."/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>24</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/>
|
|||
|
|
<biblScope>17, 78, 117, 154, 197</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
|
|||
|
|
</entry>
|
|||
|
|
</body>
|
|||
|
|
</text>
|
|||
|
|
</TEI>
|