155 lines
13 KiB
XML
155 lines
13 KiB
XML
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<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:abv="http://ossetic-studies.org/ns/abaevdict" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
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<teiHeader>
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<fileDesc>
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<titleStmt>
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<title>Abaev Dictionary: entry <hi rendition="#rend_italic">carm</hi></title>
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</titleStmt>
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<publicationStmt xml:base="../pubstmt.xml"><p>Translated from Russian in 2020 by Oleg Belyaev (ed.), Irina Khomchenkova, Julia
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Sinitsyna and Vadim Dyachkov.</p></publicationStmt>
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<sourceDesc>
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<bibl xml:lang="ru"><author>Абаев, Василий Иванович</author>.
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<title>Историко-этимологический словарь осетинского языка</title>. Т.
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<biblScope unit="volume">I</biblScope>. A–Kʼ. <pubPlace>М.–Л.</pubPlace>:
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<publisher>Наука</publisher>, <date>1958</date>. С. <biblScope unit="page">??–??</biblScope>.</bibl>
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</sourceDesc>
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</fileDesc>
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<encodingDesc xml:base="../encodingdesc.xml">
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<tagsDecl>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_italic" scheme="css">font-variant: italic;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_smallcaps" scheme="css">font-variant: small-caps;</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_singlequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "‘" "’";</rendition>
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<rendition xml:id="rend_doublequotes" scheme="css" scope="q">quotes: "«" "»";</rendition>
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</tagsDecl>
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</encodingDesc>
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</teiHeader>
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<text>
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<body>
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<entry xml:id="entry_carm" xml:lang="os">
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<form xml:id="form_d5914e66" type="lemma"><orth>carm</orth></form>
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<sense xml:id="sense_d5914e69"><sense xml:id="sense_d5914e70"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>шкура</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>fell</q>
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</abv:tr></sense><sense xml:id="sense_d5914e79"><abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>кожа</q>
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</abv:tr><abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>skin</q>
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</abv:tr></sense></sense>
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<abv:exampleGrp xml:id="exampleGrp_d5914e89">
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5914e91">
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<quote>bastyǧtoj ruvasæn jæ carm</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>содрали с (мертвой) лисицы шкуру</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>[they] peeled the skin from fox's hide</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Нарт._сказ."/><biblScope>290</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5914e110">
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<quote>galʒarm sæ wælæ</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>на них шкура быка</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>there is bull skin on them</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>72</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5914e129">
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<quote>tærqūsʒarm sæ byny tyd</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>заячья шкура постлана под ними</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>hare skin is spread under them</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>72</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5914e148">
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<quote>lægʒarm tænæg ū</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>человеческая кожа тонка</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>human skin is thin</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Коста"/><biblScope>50</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5914e167" xml:lang="os-x-digor">
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<usg><lang/></usg>
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<quote>caræj fidi æxsæn ralæstæj</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>она пролезла между кожей и мясом</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>she crawled between skin and meat</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_СОПам."/><biblScope>II
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77</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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<abv:example xml:id="example_d5914e190">
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<quote>fusʒarm xodæ, bijnag ronæ…</quote>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="ru">
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<q>в шапке из овечьей шкуры, с войлочным поясом</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<abv:tr xml:lang="en">
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<q>in a sheepskin cap, with a felt belt</q>
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</abv:tr>
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#src_Sam."/><biblScope>97</biblScope></bibl>
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</abv:example>
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</abv:exampleGrp>
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<etym xml:lang="ru">Восходит к <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5914e327" xml:id="mentioned_d5914e212" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w>*čārman-</w>
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<gloss><q>шкура</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5914e335" xml:id="mentioned_d5914e220" xml:lang="ira"><w/>
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<gloss><q>кожа</q></gloss></mentioned>, c отпадением конечного -<hi rendition="#rend_italic">an</hi>-, как
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в <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wærm"/> ‘яма’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_casm"/> ‘петля’ и др. Ср.<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5914e345" xml:id="mentioned_d5914e230" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>carman</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5914e351" xml:id="mentioned_d5914e236" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>čarm</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5914e356" xml:id="mentioned_d5914e241" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>čarm</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5914e361" xml:id="mentioned_d5914e246" xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
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<w>carm</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5914e366" xml:id="mentioned_d5914e251" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>*čarm (črm)</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5914e371" xml:id="mentioned_d5914e256" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>čarman-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5914e376" xml:id="mentioned_d5914e261" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
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<w>čarman-</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="ru"> (<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSL"/><biblScope xml:lang="ru">1951, стр.
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41</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5914e389" xml:id="mentioned_d5914e274" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>čarəman-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5914e394" xml:id="mentioned_d5914e279" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>čarman-</w>
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<gloss><q>шкура</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5914e402" xml:id="mentioned_d5914e287" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w n="0">чрѣмъ</w>
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<gloss><q>шатер</q></gloss></mentioned>. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5914e410" xml:id="mentioned_d5914e296" xml:lang="os" extralang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>cærmin</w>
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<gloss><q>кожаный</q></gloss></mentioned> — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5914e418" xml:id="mentioned_d5914e304" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>čarmin</w></mentioned>. — О технике обработки кожи у осетин см. под
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словом <ref type="xr" target="#entry_yldyǧ"/>. Нерасчлененность значений ‘шкура’
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и ‘кожа’ говорит о том, что кожевенное производство не достигло значительного
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развития.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 50, 78</biblScope></bibl>; <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>28</biblScope></bibl>. —
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>18,
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161</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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<etym xml:lang="en">It traces back to <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5914e212" xml:id="mentioned_d5914e327" xml:lang="ira"><lang/>
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<w>*čārman-</w>
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<gloss><q>fell</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5914e220" xml:id="mentioned_d5914e335" xml:lang="ira"><w/>
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<gloss><q>skin</q></gloss></mentioned>, with the loss of the final -<hi rendition="#rend_italic">an</hi>-,
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like in <ref type="xr" target="#entry_wærm"/> ‘hole’, <ref type="xr" target="#entry_casm"/> ‘loop’ etc. Cf.<mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5914e230" xml:id="mentioned_d5914e345" xml:lang="ps"><lang/>
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<w>carman</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5914e236" xml:id="mentioned_d5914e351" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>čarm</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5914e241" xml:id="mentioned_d5914e356" xml:lang="pal"><lang/>
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<w>čarm</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5914e246" xml:id="mentioned_d5914e361" xml:lang="xco"><lang/>
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<w>carm</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5914e251" xml:id="mentioned_d5914e366" xml:lang="sog"><lang/>
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<w>*čarm (črm)</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5914e256" xml:id="mentioned_d5914e371" xml:lang="kho"><lang/>
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<w>čarman-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5914e261" xml:id="mentioned_d5914e376" xml:lang="peo"><lang/>
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<w>čarman-</w><note type="comment" xml:lang="en">
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(<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_BSL"/><biblScope xml:lang="en">1951, p. 41</biblScope></bibl>)</note></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5914e274" xml:id="mentioned_d5914e389" xml:lang="ae"><lang/>
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<w>čarəman-</w></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5914e279" xml:id="mentioned_d5914e394" xml:lang="inc-x-old"><lang/>
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<w>čarman-</w>
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<gloss><q>fell</q></gloss></mentioned>, <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5914e287" xml:id="mentioned_d5914e402" xml:lang="cu"><lang/>
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<w>črěmъ</w>
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<gloss><q>tent</q></gloss></mentioned>. <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5914e296" xml:id="mentioned_d5914e410" xml:lang="os" extralang="os-x-digor"><lang/>
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<w>cærmin</w>
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<gloss><q>(made of) leather</q></gloss></mentioned> — <mentioned corresp="#mentioned_d5914e304" xml:id="mentioned_d5914e418" xml:lang="fa"><lang/>
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<w>čarmin</w></mentioned>. — See the word <ref type="xr" target="#entry_yldyǧ"/> for the technique of leather working in Ossetia .
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The indivisibility of meanings ‘fell’ and ‘skin’ shows that leathermaking has
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not reached significant development.%n<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Миллер_Вс._ОЭ"/><biblScope>II 50, 78</biblScope></bibl>;
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<bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_Miller._Gr."/><biblScope>28</biblScope></bibl>. — <bibl><ref type="bibl" target="#ref_ОЯФ_I"/><biblScope>18, 161</biblScope></bibl>.</etym>
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</entry>
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</body>
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</text>
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</TEI>
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